5.3 亚洲工厂的相互依赖性
表5.5展示了亚洲工厂各经济体之间的相互依赖性(指数)。2009年,亚洲工厂的自我依赖度是0.635,这表明亚州工厂的相互依赖度已经很高了。图5.3排列了亚洲工厂对每个独立的经济体的依赖程度。很显然,亚洲工厂高度依赖中国(0.197),紧随其后,依次是依赖于中国香港(0.114)、日本(0.068)和新加坡(0.065)。
从表5.5中可以看出,中国香港是最被亚洲工厂所依赖的,其指数是0.82,然后是新加坡(0.708)。图5.4排列了最被亚洲工厂依赖的经济体。
表5.5 2009年亚洲工厂的依赖指数 单位:%
数据来源:基于联合国贸易数据库的计算。
图5.3 2009年亚洲工厂最依赖的经济体排序
数据来源:基于联合国贸易数据库的计算(同表5.5)。
通常情况下,亚洲各经济体都非常依赖亚洲工厂,所有的经济体指数都高达0.5以上。在亚洲各经济体中,亚洲工厂对中国的依赖度最高。而中国对亚洲工厂的依赖指数为0.575,这个指数与日本相似。
图5.4 2009年最依赖亚洲工厂的经济体排序
数据来源:基于联合国贸易数据库的计算(同表5.5)。
表5.5也展示了美国与亚洲工厂的关系。亚洲工厂对美国的依赖指数是0.091,这个值比中国和中国香港都低,但是比日本和韩国要高。在亚洲各经济体中,日本对美国的依赖指数为0.123,是亚洲经济体中最高的。日本对中国的依赖甚至比对美国的还要高(0.249)。事实上,在表5.5中,亚洲各经济体对中国的依赖都比对美国的依赖程度要高。
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