-(香格里拉)

Shangri-La(香格里拉)

Today we are going to visit Shangri-La，a tourist destination known around the world.It is located in Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.In Tibetan language，Diqing means“a land of good luck”.The highest mountain peak in Yunnan，the 6，740 meters high Kawakapo Peak is located here.This area has attracted many tourists due to its magnificent snow mountains and glaciers，large and rich highland pastures，and colorful Tibetan culture and religion.It is an important part of the Old Tea-horse Road，and also the core of Three Parallel Rivers World Natural Heritage Zone.

The name Shangri-La has been known around the world for many years，mainly due to the publication of the novel Lost Horizon written by British novelist James Hilton in 1933.This novel tells a touching story and“Shangri-La”was then used to refer to this region.Thanks to the publicity generated by the novel，Shangri-La became a highly sought after destination.

The novel tells a story about Conway，a British diplomat in India，and three westerners.While flying from India to China，their plane crashed into a snowy world.The mysterious great canyon was inhabited by the Tibetan people.That beautiful and idyllic place was named“Shangri-La”，which means“paradise”in English.

The publication of the novel caused a great stir and many people began to look for Shangri-La.Diqing in Yunnan is very similar to the area described in the novel.Meanwhile，scholars found that the word“Shangri-La”originated from the Tibetan dialect in west Yunnan which means“the sun and the moon in one's heart”.Based on compelling evidence，the Yunnan provincial government proclaimed in September 1997 that“Shangri-La”was right here in Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.In 2001 China State Council gave itsapproval for changing the name“Zhongdian”to“Shangri-La”.In a broad sense，Shangri-La refers to the area including Yunnan，Sichuan and Tibet in southwestern China，which is inhabited by Tibetan，Naxi and Han people.Now，Shangri-La，with its beautiful and mysterious snow mountains and grasslands，as well as its colorful and diverse folk customs，is drawing more and more visitors from home and abroad.

The Three Parallel Rivers

The Three Parallel Rivers are the Jinsha，Mekong，and Nujiang Rivers，which all originate in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.These three rivers run southward almost parallel for about 400 kilometers.The point where they come close to each other is near 27°30' north latitude.Here they are only 66.3 kilometers away from each other.Then near Shigu and Bijiang，they separate gradually，forming a broom-like water system.At their estuaries，they are over 3，000 kilometers from each other.

Near the north latitude of 27°30' there is a special landscape where these three rivers descend one by one from east to west.The altitudes of the Jinsha，Mekong，and Nujiang Rivers are respectively 2，100 meters，1，900 meters and 1，600 meters above sea level，thus forming a steep stair.The three rivers flowing in parallel are beautiful，imposing and magnificent.The altitude within this area is between 700 meters to 6，500 meters.For this reason，this area has almost all types of landscape found in the northern hemisphere，and has abundance of fauna and flora.In 1998 the Three Parallel Rivers was rated as a national scenic area by the State Council，and in 2003，it was listed as a World Natural Heritage Site，thus attracting world-wide attention.

Gadan Songzanlin Lamasery

This lamasery is also called“Guihua Monastery”in Han language.It is located five kilometers away from north central Shangri-La County.Gadan Songzanlin Lamasery is the largest of its kind in Yunnan Province，covering an area of 33.4 square hectares.About 700 lamas live in this lamasery.Two main assembly halls，Zhacang and Jikang，stand at the top of the lamasery and take the central place.They are five-storey Tibetan watchtower-style structures facing the south.In addition，there are eight other branch halls such as Longba，Zhaya and Duke，which are also magnificent.The assembly hall can accommodate 1，600 lamas meditating or chanting Buddhist scriptures.Inside the front hall，the statue of the Fifth Dalai Lama is enshrined，while the bronze statues of Tsong-ka-ba，Maitreya Buddha and the Seventh Dalai Lama stand in the rear hall，each about10 meters tall.

The Gadan Songzanlin Lamasery has a good collection of treasures and historical relics.These include 8 gilded bronze statues of Sakyamuni during the eras of the Fifth and Seventh Dalai Lamas，as well as more than 200 Buddhist scriptures.

Potatso National Park

In 1872 America set up the Yellow Stone National Park，the first national park in the world.Potatso National Park is the first national park in mainland China，inaugurated on June 21，2007.In Sanscrit，“Pota”means the same as“Putuo”in Buddhism，while“Cuo”means“lake”in Tibetan language.“Potatso”therefore means“a lake which releases living beings from suffering”.The park，with a total area of 1，000 square kilometers，is 22 kilometers away from Shangri-La County.It is located in the central part of the Three Parallel Rivers World Heritage Zone.At present，the touring area consists mainly of three parts: Shudu Lake，Militang Meadow and Bita Lake.They are linked by a 69-kilometer circle road.The shuttle buses in the park can drive tourists around in the park，with several stops on the way.

Shudo Lake is located in the north part of the park and is a typical alpine lake.A 2.7-kilometerlong plank road runs alongside the lake and it takes about45 minutes to walk around it.While walking along this plank road，the tourist can enjoy the beautiful scenery provided by the lake，flowing streams，trees，flowers，grass，and majestic mountain backdrop.

A few minutes' ride on the shuttle bus will take you to Militang，which means“Buddha's-eye grassland”in Tibetan dialect.It is a famous highland pasture in Shangri-La.Looking afar from the sight-viewing platform gives you a feeling of relaxation and happiness.

The last stop of the travel route is Bita Lake，which is located in the south part of the park.It is the key scenic spot of this park.The altitude of the lake surface is 3，539 meters above sea level.Here，you can enjoy the beautiful scenery the enchanting“Fish drunk on azalea petals”，which is Bita Lake's best known and most notable scenic feature.Bita Lake is fringed with various azaleas，which adds to the beauty of the lake.Mid-May on the Chinese lunar calendar(June and July) is a time when azaleas bloom.When this happens，special“thick lip fish”often swim to this lake and swallow azaleas petals that have fallen on the lake's surface.When passing fish eat these petals(which are slightly poisonous) they can be seen floating on their backs with their white bellies exposed amongst the petals as if they are drunk.

You have two options when touring around the lake.One is to walk on the 4.2-kilometer plank road，which takes more than one hour.This option gives you a chance to visit the Pilgrim Platform，Miaoyin Pond，Sea-watching Pavilion，and Lotus Spring.Another route is to take cruise from the lake pier and take a circle ride in the lake，which gives you a chance to closely observe the islet in the middle of the lake.

Here we are at the entrance of the park.Please follow me to take the shuttle bus and we will start our tour.

今天我们要游览香格里拉，我先把相关情况作一个介绍。神奇美丽的香格里拉是蜚声中外的旅游胜地，位于迪庆藏族自治州。迪庆，藏语意为“吉祥如意的地方”。这里有云南最高的山峰--卡瓦格博峰，海拔6740米。境内气势磅礴的雪山冰川，广袤肥沃的高原草场，苍茫茂密的原始森林和星罗棋布的高原湖泊，构成了无比奇妙壮美的自然景观，以藏文化为主体的民族宗教文化多姿多彩。这里曾是茶马古道的要冲，是世界自然遗产三江并流的腹心地区。

香格里拉

1933年，英国作家詹姆斯·希尔顿出版了长篇小说《消失的地平线》，讲述了一个动人的故事，并创造了一个英文名词Shangri-la。从此，香格里拉成了世人向往的地方。

小说讲述了一个英国驻印度外交官康威和另外3个西方人在乘机飞越中国-印度航线时，因飞机失事降落在一片冰雪世界。这个大山峡谷里充满了神秘色彩，是藏民生息之地，一片人间净土乐园，被称为“香格里拉”。“香格里拉”英语的意思是“世外桃源”。

小说的出版引起了巨大的反响，进而引发了人们对香格里拉的寻觅。云南的迪庆与小说中所描绘的景象极其相似，学者们甚至发现，“香格里拉”源于滇西北中甸的藏语方言，意为“心中的日月”。在经过专家们充分论证的基础上，1997年9月，云南省政府向世界宣布香格里拉就在迪庆。2001年12月，国务院批准中甸县更名为香格里拉县。从广义上讲，香格里拉泛指中国西南滇、川、藏毗连处的藏、纳西、汉族地区。现在，香格里拉以其美丽而神秘的雪山、草甸，多姿多彩的民族风情吸引着越来越多的中外游客。

三江并流

三江指发源于青藏高原的金沙江、澜沧江和怒江。它们在滇西北怒江、迪庆和丽江境内的横断山脉纵谷区的云岭、怒山、高黎贡山、担当力卡山之间大致平行南下，并流约400千米。它们之间的距离最近点在北纬27°30'附近，相距仅有66.3千米。到石鼓、碧江一线，三江逐渐分开，形成著名的“帚形”水系。到达各自入海口处，相互间的距离达3000千米以上。

在北纬27°30'附近还存在一个奇绝的自然景象--自东向西三江的江面海拔高度依次递减，金沙江江面海拔为2100米，澜沧江为1900米，怒江为1600米，形成陡峻的阶梯状排列。三江并流景观雄奇壮美，区域内海拔从700米至6500米，变化的地理条件使这里形成了北半球几乎所有的景观类型。这里物种丰富，生物多样性突出。1988年，国务院将三江并流列为国家级风景名胜区之一。2003年，它被列为世界自然遗产，受到全世界的高度关注和赞赏。

噶丹松赞林寺

噶丹松赞林寺汉语称为“归化寺”，位于香格里拉县城北约5千米。噶丹松赞林寺为云南藏传佛教寺宇之首，全寺占地33.4公顷。现有僧侣700余人。扎仓、吉康两大主寺建于最高点，居全寺中央。大寺坐北朝南，为五层藏式碉楼建筑。另有龙巴、扎雅、独克等八大康参(分寺)亦较为雄伟。大殿可容1600人趺坐念经。正殿前座供奉有五世达赖铜像等，后殿供有宗喀巴、弥勒菩萨、七世达赖铜像，高10米有余。松赞林寺内历代珍品甚多，有五世达赖和七世达赖时期的8尊包金释迦佛像等。全寺收藏有《甘珠尔》200余部。1936年4月，红军第二方面军长征路过今香格里拉，贺龙、肖克将军亲临松赞林寺，拜访活佛、喇嘛，并题赠“兴盛番族”的锦幛。松赞林寺为红军筹粮2万多斤，还派僧侣担任向导，支持了红军北上抗日。

普达措国家公园

普达措公园是中国内地第一个国家公园，2007年6月21日揭牌。普达是梵文译音，与普陀同义;措，藏语意为湖。普达措，意为普度众生的湖。公园距香格里拉县城22千米，总面积约1000多平方千米，地处三江并流世界自然遗产的中心地带。国家公园游览区目前由三个部分组成:属都湖、弥里塘草甸、碧塔海，由长达69千米游览环线车道串联，游客乘公园专设的环保车游览，沿途设有若干车站。

属都湖位于公园北侧，是典型的高原构造湖，沿湖建有观光栈道约2.7千米，步行40分钟左右。游客沿栈道可以“五观”:观水、观树、观花、观草、观山。从这里开始，你就如同走进了一个神话世界。这里水质纯净，空气清新，水天一色，林涛水声，鸟语花香，让人陶醉。

尔后又乘环保车，到达弥里塘，藏语意为“佛眼草甸”。这里是香格里拉地区最负盛名的高山牧场。站在观景台上，放眼望去，令人心旷神怡。

碧塔海位于公园南侧，是环保线游览的最后一个景点，也是公园的核心景点。湖面海拔3539米。这里景色迷人，还有“杜鹃醉鱼”景观:碧塔海周围有浓密的杜鹃花林，农历五月端午前后，杜鹃吐艳，常有“厚唇鱼”游到湖边，吞食杜鹃落花，因花中含有微毒，鱼食后如醉一般，漂浮在水面上。游碧塔海有两种方式:一是沿湖步行栈道4.2千米，约1个多小时，途径朝圣台、妙音塘、观海亭、莲花圣泉等景点，二是从湖边码头乘游船环湖游览一周，可近观赏湖心岛。

我们已来到国家公园入口处，请大家上公园环保车开始游览。