国际比赛裁判员临场操作程序

附件二　国际比赛裁判员临场操作程序

Field of Play Procedure

INTRODUCTIONS

介绍

Everything that is visible and can occur within the view of spectators and media （reporters，television，and photographers）is considered field of play. From the moment an umpire or a referee enters the field of play they are bound by the field of play conduct and procedures.

任何在观众和媒体视线下的物品和发生的事都被视为比赛区域。裁判员和裁判长在到达比赛区域的一刻起应遵循下列守则和程序。

The actions and performance of every umpire on the field of play must be uniform in all aspects – not just in conducting a match but also on the way they walk to/from the assigned courts，performing their pre and post match duties as well as interactions with players，spectators and other officials on the field-of-play.

在比赛区域所有的裁判员的动作和行为在各方面必须统一，不仅在执裁时而且在进出指定的场地，履行赛前、赛后的职责及与选手、观众和其他官员在比赛区域进行交流时。

1 UMPIRES PRE-MATCH PREPARATIONS：

裁判员赛前准备

1.1 Umpires should report to the Referee – or designated assistant that handles umpire schedules （Chief of Umpires）– at least 30 minutes before the start of their assigned session to prepare and get ready for performing their duties.

裁判员应在其执行任务的那节比赛前30分钟向裁判长或指定的代理人报到，做好执裁准备。

1.2 The umpire is responsible for pre-match ball selection and shirt and number check. They should normally conduct these duties at the designated area at least 15 minutes before the start of a match.

裁判员应在一场比赛前15分钟在指定的区域负责挑球、服装和号码布的检查等工作。

1.3 Approximately，ten minutes before the start of each match，the umpire should be ready with the match card and balls for their designated table.

大约在一场比赛前10分钟，裁判员应拿到该场比赛的计分单及已经挑好的比赛用球。

1.4 Before entering the field of play，the umpire and assistant umpire should confer and discuss any issues pertaining to the upcoming match. They should agree on who will time the warm up periods and intervals between games （typically the assistant umpire）and who will time the time-outs taken （typically the umpire）as well as who will place the time out card on the proper side of the table during the time out period （typically the assistant umpire）.They should both be clear on how they will communicate during a match without necessarily having to physically confer between points or between games.

在进入比赛区域前，主裁判与助理裁判应就即将开始的比赛进行简短的交流，就谁控制练习时间、每局间隔时间（通常应是助理裁判）和谁控制暂停时间（通常应是主裁判）及谁在选手暂停时放置暂停牌（通常应是助理裁判）达成一致意见，他们应该都很清楚如何在该场比赛中进行交流，而不必在分与分之间、局与局之间进行的借助身体的交流。

1.5 Just before entering the field of play，the umpire and assistant umpire line up near the field of play entrance and get set to walk in together as a team. The umpire should be in front with the match-card and ball box held in the left hand.

在进入比赛区域前，裁判和助理裁判应在赛区入口处排成一列，裁判应在前并将夹板和一盒球放在左手。

1.6 Neither the umpire nor the assistant umpire should be carrying anything else in their hands into the field of play. Everything an umpire and assistant umpire require to conduct their on court duties – pen，stop watch，net gauge，yellow/red/white cards，towel，coin – should be in their pockets and not externally visible or dangling from the uniform or around the neck. Place all handbags in a secure area designated by the Referee.

进入比赛区域时，裁判和助理裁判手里不能有其他东西，其他执裁时的用品，诸如：笔、秒表、量网尺、黄/红/白牌、毛巾、挑边器应放置在口袋，不能露在外面或挂在脖子上。将手提包（私人物品）放到裁判长指定的安全区域。

1.7 When the umpire team （umpire and assistant umpire）is ready，they enter the field of play in a strait line – in uniform step with the first person in line – the umpire leading the way to the assigned court. During the feature matches on the last day of competition there may be appropriate introductory music announcing the presentation of the officials – and players--to the playing field.

当裁判们（裁判和助理裁判）在比赛区域入口处排好队，尔后迈着统一的步伐，直线进入比赛场地。在比赛的最后一天，进入比赛区域时，可能会伴随音乐，并介绍比赛官员和运动员。

1.8 With or without introductory music，the umpire team should walk in a straight line calmly with deliberate step and very nominal hand motions. The objective is not to emulate a military parade，but rather a spirit that a unified team is on the way to perform an assigned task.

无论有无音乐，裁判队列应迈着稳健的步伐、轻快地摆臂直线前进。这样做的目的不是模仿军队阅兵而是为了体现一种精神，即一个统一的团队要去完成一项任务。

1.9 An umpire should never step over any barrier. He/she should always open a space between two barriers，step around it gently and close that space after passing through.

裁判决不要跨越挡板。他/她应该在挡板之间挪开一个挡板，优雅地走过，尔后合拢这块挡板。

1.10 It is also possible that the Chief of Umpire would assemble a group of umpires to enter the field of play as a team – each proceeding to their respective table. In that case，umpires and assistant umpires will assemble at the designated staging area – to be determined by the Chief of Umpire. Umpire teams will line-up in order of table assignments and walk into the field of play as a group in step following the first person in line.

有可能裁判组长组织一组裁判同时进入比赛区域，裁判再分别到达各自的球台。在这种情况下，裁判和助理裁判应在组长指定的区域集合，裁判组按照球台的顺序排好队，同时跟随队伍第一个人的步伐直线进入比赛区域。

秒钟，助理裁判应跟随裁判，因此他们应同时开始场内的执裁职责。

2.5 Under some conditions – typically during feature matches -players will also walk in with or after the umpire team. In that case，one playing team/pair would stand next to the umpire and the other team/pair would stand next to the assistant umpire. After the players – and umpires –have been presented，pre-match procedures can begin.

在某些时候，特别是重要的比赛，运动员将与裁判一起进入场内，在此情况下，进入场地后，运动员应分别站在裁判与助理裁判的两侧，当向观众介绍完运动员与裁判后，再开始赛前场内执裁职责。

3 Pre-match procedure

赛前程序

3.1 Before the start of the warm up period，the umpire：

开始练习前，裁判应该：

3.1.1 Completes racket checks；

检查球拍；

3.1.2 Checks shirt color，if not completed during ball selection；

检查运动衫颜色，如果在挑球时没有完成这个检查；

3.1.3 Check player numbers，if required by the Referee or organizing committee；

检查运动员的号码，如果裁判长或组委会要求；

3.1.4 Confirm designated advisor for non-team events；

单项比赛，确定场外指导者；

3.1.5 Perform coin toss and starting end for each player/pair；

用挑边器进行抽签，确定发球和方位；

3.1.6 Starts the clock for the warm up period，or instruct the assistant umpire to do so；

开表计时练习时间，或要助理裁判这么做；

3.1.7 Complete the relevant information on the match card；

完成计分单上相关信息的填写；

3.2 Then the umpire sits in the umpire chair for the duration of the warm up period.

在选手练习时，裁判坐在裁判椅上。

3.3 While the umpire is conducting his/her duties with the players，the assistant umpire should：

当裁判在履行上述职责时，助理裁判应该：

3.3.1 Check the net height and tension；

检查网的高度和张度；

3.3.2 Check the cleanliness of the table and floor – removes any debris；

将球台台面和地板清理干净，拿走任何碎片；

3.3.3 Organize and straiten out surrounds；

将挡板摆好摆正；

3.3.4 Clear scoring device to blanks – if needed；

将计分器复位到空白____如果需要的话；

3.3.5 Place name cards in proper place -if provided by the Referee or organizing committee；

如果组委会或裁判长提供了名牌，将它们放在合适的地方；

3.3.6 Flips the game indicators to 0-0.Once the players are present on or near the court；

如果选手到达赛场或在赛场附近将，计分器上的局分牌翻至0-0；

3.4 The assistant umpire sits down in the chair during the remainder of the warm up period.

完成上述职责后，在选手练习时，助理裁判坐在椅子上。

4　Pre-match Announcements–30 seconds before the start of a match

在比赛前30秒，进行赛前的宣告

4.1If a field of play announcer has announced the players the umpire can skip this section.

如果赛场现场广播介绍了选手，裁判可以跳过这一节

4.2 After the umpire has completed the field of play duties and the two minutes warm up has begun. The umpire sits in his/her chair and delivers the pre-match announcement 30 seconds before the start of the match.

Exact words–in a calm non hurried manner

“Ladies and Gentlemen，this “semi-final”match will be the “best of seven ”.

To my right（pointing to the player），from“Germany ”，“Timo Boll ”

To the left（pointing to the player），from“The Netherlands”，“Trinko Keen ”.

“Keen”won the toss and elected to“Serve ”（or“Receive”or “End”）”

This should take about 15 to 20 seconds to deliver

Substitute the Underline text with appropriate content.

裁判完成了赛前的职责，练习两分钟已经开始。裁判坐在椅子上在比赛开始前30秒赛前宣告，以平稳的方式讲出每一个词：

“女士们、先生们，这是一场7局4胜的半决赛。

我的右手边（指向选手），是来自德国的波尔，

我的左手边（指向选手），是来自荷兰的凯恩，

凯恩中了签，选择了发球（或接发球或方位）。”

这段话大概用15～20秒来宣告，

画线部分届时可用适当的内容替代。

4.3The umpire should make every effort to pronounce the name of each player correctly. If unsure about the pronunciation–ask the player while conducting racket check.

裁判应尽力把每个选手的名字念准，如果没有把握，可以在检查球拍时询问其名字的准确发音。

5 Start of the match

开始比赛

5.1 When time is up，the assistant umpire raises his/her hand and announces，

“TIME ”.

当练习时间到，助理裁判举起其手臂并宣布：“时间到”。

5.2 The umpire points to the server and glances to see that the receiver is ready.

裁判指向发球员的同时眼睛瞥一下接发球员是否准备好。

5.3 When the server is ready，the umpire announces，“Keen to serve” –“Love All” or“Zero – Zero”.

当发球员准备发球，裁判宣布“凯恩发球”--“0比0”。

5.4 The Assistant umpire flips the points score to 0-0，starts the clock and the match begins.

助理裁判将计分器翻到0-0，启动秒表，比赛开始。

6 During match procedure

比赛过程中

6.1Uniform hand signals during a match.

在一场比赛中，手势应统一。

6.2See diagram in Appendix E for proper and uniform hand signals.

规范手势见附录E图表

6.3During the match，the umpire should：

在比赛过程中，裁判应做到：

6.3.1 Call the score in a clear and audible voice at a level that a person sitting at the coach’s chair can hear and understand the calls；

报分清楚洪亮，坐到教练席的人听得到报分；

6.3.2 Time the play or designate the assistant umpire to time the match；

控制比赛时间，或指定助理裁判来控制比赛时间；

6.3.3 Monitor and enforce the service laws；

监督并确保关于发球的规定；

6.3.4 Monitor and enforce the behavior laws；

监督并确保关于行为的规定；

6.3.5 Make sure the players leave the rackets on the table between games；

在局与局之间，确保选手的球拍放在球台上；

6.3.6 Make sure play is continuous with no excessive delays during toweling or time out periods；

确保比赛的连续性，不能在擦汗、暂停时额外拖延时间；

6.3.7 Monitor and enforce the coaching laws. Between points and particularly during a change of service or ends，the umpire should turn his/her head and look at both coaches. Alternately，the umpire and assistant umpire can agree – before the match starts – that each one will monitor the coach that is best visible to them or the one on their right.

监督并确保教练的指导合法，在分与分之间特别是在换发球和交换方位时，裁判应转过头去监督双方的教练是否在指导，裁判与助理裁判应在赛前就明确各自应注意的目标，以方便观察为原则。

7 Post match announcement

比赛结束时宣布

7.1 At the end of a match，the umpire completes the results of the last game on the match card and announces the match results and game scores.

Exact words – in a calm non hurried manner

“Ladies and Gentleman，“ Seventh game 11 – 9 to Boll

”

“Boll

” won the match 4 games to 3.

.

This should take about 7 seconds to deliver.

Substitute the Underline text with appropriate content

在比赛结束，裁判在计分单上填写完最后一局比分后同时宣布比赛结果。以平稳的方式讲出每一个词：

“女士们、先生们，波尔以11-9胜第7局”

“波尔”以4-3胜这场比赛。

这段话大概用7秒来宣告，

画线部分

届时用适当的内容替代。8 Post match Procedure赛后操作程序

8.1 The umpire obtains players signatures – if required by the Referee.如果裁判长要求，裁判应让选手在计分单上签名；

8.2 The assistant umpire，returns the game and score indicator to blank.

助理裁判将计分器回复为空白；

8.3 The assistant umpire collects the balls and returns the court to a proper condition.

助理裁判把球收好，将场地恢复到适当条件。

9 End of match -Umpires walking out

比赛结束裁判退场

9.1The umpire and assistant umpire would meet at the umpire’s chair and walk off the court together.

裁判与助理裁判在裁判椅旁集合，排队退场。

9.2 The umpire leads the way with the match card in the left hand and the assistant umpire following in step with the umpire -no accompanied music.

裁判左手拿计分单在前，助理裁判随后，退场时没有音乐伴随。

9.3The umpire team returns the match card directly to the Referee’s desk for signature. The Referee （or designated Deputy Referee on duty）should check the match card for completeness and accuracy；signs the card and forwards it to computer operation for results processing.

裁判将计分单直接交裁判长席，裁判长（或指定副裁判长）应该检查计分单填写是否完整、准确，检查无误后签名，将计分单交给电脑操作员，进行成绩处理。

9.4Umpires should not linger or walk around the field of play once their assigned duties are completed. If they wish to watch other matches in progress，they should proceed outside of the field of play in the viewing areas open for officials and spectators.

裁判在值裁后不应该在赛场内逗留或闲逛，如果他们希望观看比赛，应该在指定区域或观众席就座。

10 Summary

小结

10.1 While on the field of play – for any reason – umpires，referees，umpire evaluators should be in designated dress code or uniforms，alert and aware of their surroundings and mindful how their presence and conversations might affect ongoing play or visual perceptions.

不管任何理由，凡出现在比赛区域的裁判、裁判长、裁判考官必须着符合规定的服装或制服，注意周围环境，应避免因为他们的出现及交谈影响了正在进行中的比赛。

10.2 Umpires should refrain from engaging players in idle chat before，during or after a match. An umpire may respond to a player’s question or explain a call made but should not initiate a discussion on non-match related matter.

裁判应避免在赛前、赛中、赛后与选手进行闲谈。裁判应回答选手的疑问，或解释为执法的依据，但决不挑起与比赛无关的话题。

10.3 While in uniform，officials should be mindful that they represent their associations and most importantly their actions reflect on all officials.

当官员着统一制服时，应注意他们代表自己的协会，特别是他们的行动将会给所有官员带来影响。

10.4 During international events，it is implicit that all foreign Umpires and Referees are guests of the host associations and should respect their traditions and social customs inside and outside the field of play.

国际赛事中，所有的外籍裁判员和裁判长都是主办协会的客人，在赛场内外，他们的风俗习惯都要受到尊重。

10.5 Under no circumstances should umpires engage spectators or members of the media with matters relating to their conduct or the conduct of other officials. All such matters should be directed to the Referee or Tournament Director.

在任何情况下，裁判不能利用自己值裁或别人值裁的时候帮观众或媒体做事，遇到类似的情况应直接报告裁判长或竞赛经理。