智商越高的人长寿的几率越大

A survey of more than 2,000 people living in the UK has found that those with a higher IQ are more likely to live a longer life. Researchers analysed data from the Scottish Mental Surveys - in which almost every 11-year-old in Scotland was given the same IQ test on the same day in 1932 - and tracked the participants'lives up to when they passed away.

基于对2000多名英国居民的调查，研究结果显示：智商越高的人长寿的几率越大。研究者分析了来源于苏格兰心智调查的数据：1932年，几乎每个11岁的苏格兰儿童都在同一天接受了相同的智商测试，之后测试者将接受追踪调查，直至他们去世。

Even when factors such as economic status and employment level were accounted for,the smarter kids ended up living longer than those with lower IQs. These results correlate to several previous studies that have found a link between IQ and mortality when other factors were filtered out.

"Subjects who died before 1 January 1997 had a significantly lower mean IQ at age 11 years than subjects who were alive or untraced," says the report,published in the British Medical Journal. "Our data shows that high mental ability in late childhood reduces the chances of death up to age 76years."

The numbers crunched by Lawrence Whalley from the University of Aberdeen and IanDeary from the University of Edinburgh show that someone with an IQ of 115 atage 11 was 21 percent more likely to be alive at the age of 76 than someone with an IQ of 100 (the general average), as David Z. Hambrick at Scientific American reports.

We don't yet understand why this is the case, but more than 20 longitudinal studies(studies with data points covering a long period of time) carried out aroundthe world have found similar links.

There are some interesting hypotheses: one is that intelligent people are more likely to strap themselves in while driving,choose to eat a healthy diet, avoid smoking, and exercise more of ten. Whalley and Deary found that those with a higher IQ were more likely to quit smoking after its negative health effects were publicised in the 1950s. In other words,smart people might just be better at avoiding things that are going to kill them.

Another hypothesis is that a high IQ is a signifier of a sturdy constitution and a body that's going to last - it's essentially a signifier rather than a cause, some scientists believe. One study published in 2005 found that better reactiontimes specifically helped people live longer - so a high IQ is possibly anindication of an efficient nervous system, rather than being itself a cause oflonger life, the researchers proposed.

Alternatively,or perhaps in addition to the above suggestions, it could be that genes arecontributing to the link between IQ and longevity.

1 crunched

v.嘎吱嘎吱地咬嚼(crunch的过去式和过去分词 )；嘎吱作响；（快速大量地）处理信息；数字捣弄

参考例句：

• Our feet crunched on the frozen snow. 我们的脚嘎吱嘎吱地踩在冻雪上。 来自《简明英汉词典》

• He closed his jaws on the bones andcrunched. 他咬紧骨头，使劲地嚼。来自英汉文学 - 热爱生命

2 strap

n.皮带，带子；v.用带扣住，束牢；用绷带包扎

参考例句：

• She held onto a strap to steady herself.她抓住拉手吊带以便站稳。

• The nurse will strap up your wound.护士会绑扎你的伤口。

3 essentially

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。

• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

4 genes

n.基因( gene的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• You have good genes from your parents, soyou should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因，所以能够活得很长。来自《简明英汉词典》

• Differences will help to reveal thefunctions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪

5 longevity

n.长命；长寿

参考例句：

• Good habits promote longevity.良好的习惯能增长寿命。

• Human longevity runs in families.人类的长寿具有家族遗传性。