年《英语》真题与答案

Part I Reading Comprehension (60 marks, 60 minutes)

Section A (每小题2分)

Format Ⅰ

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet.(40 marks)

Passage One

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

Have you ever wondered where the first doughnut(炸面圈) was made? Who thought up the idea of a fried cake with a hole in the center?

No one knows for sure who made the first doughnut. Some people think that doughnuts probably began in the 1800s as Dutch “olykoeks” or “oily cakes.” In those days, a cook would not want to waste any scraps of food. Leftover pieces of bread dough(生面团) were put into hot oil and fried. Olykoeks were tasty on the outside, but soft and uncooked in the center.

Some people say that the mother of a New Englandsea captain invented the first real doughnut. Her name was Elizabeth Gregory. She replaced the soft center with spices and nuts. But,Elizabeth’s son, Captain Gregory, did not like nuts. He punched out the center, and the consequence was the first hole in a doughnut.

Others say the real story is that Captain Gregory had difficulty steering his ship while trying to eat doughnuts. He asked the ship’s cook to make his doughnuts with holes so he could hang them on the steering wheel! Others think that Captain Gregory saw holed cakes in Europe and brought the idea back toAmericawith him.

During World War I, homesick American soldiers inEuropewere served doughnuts by the Salvation Army. These brave women volunteering for the job were called “Doughnut Girls.” They often worked in dangerous conditions near the soldiers, so the Doughnut Girls wore helmets and uniforms. The women made doughnut cutters out of a large can with a smaller can inside it to cut out the hole. They could set up a kettle of hot oil to fry the dough almost anywhere.

In the 1920s, doughnut machines were invented. Doughnuts were produced faster and easier than ever before. Still, many people preferred to make their favorite doughnuts at home.

1. The passage is mainly about ______.

A. the popularity of doughnuts B. the history of doughnuts

C. the inventors of doughnuts D. the types of doughnuts

2. The first Dutch “olykoek” came into being probably because ______.

A. people did not like to eat fried food B. cooks did not like to waste leftover food

C. Dutchmen liked oil cakes very much D. cooks liked the soft center of cakes

3. What was used to replace the uncooked center to improve doughnuts?

A. Scraps of food. B. Jelly filling.

C. Spices and nuts. D. Leftover bread dough.

4. In paragraph 3, the word “consequence” probably means ______.

A. action B. damage

C. problem D. result

5. What can be inferred about the Doughnut Girls during World War I?

A. They worked aboard a ship. B. They worked near battlefields.

C. They used untested machines. D. They used helmets to cook doughnuts.

Passage Two

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

It is a blow for the Ugly Bettys and Plain Janes — research shows that good looks lead to better pay. A study of 4,000 young men and women found that beauty boosted pay checks more than intelligence. Those judged to be the most attractive earned up to 10 percent more than their less attractive friends and colleagues. Applied to the average salary of ￡25,000 a year, the “plainness penalty (处罚)” would make a difference of ￡2,500 a year — or around ￡50 a week.

It is unclear what is behind the phenomenon but it may be that beauty creates confidence. The self-confident may appear to be doing better than they are and will not hesitate about asking for a pay rise.

Researcher Jason Fletcher, ofYaleUniversityin theU.S., rated the attractiveness of the 4,000 men and women. Just over half were judged average, while 7 percent were felt to be very attractive and 8 percent were judged unattractive or very unattractive. The volunteers also sat an IQ test and reported their salary. It became clear that pay scales were far from fair. For instance, a 14-point increase on the IQ score was associated with a 3 to 6 percent increase in wage. But being of above-average looks increased pay by 5 to 10 percent.

For a plain person to be paid the same as a very attractive one, they would have to be 40 percent brighter, the journal Economics Letters reports.

Dr Fletcher said: “The results do show that people’s looks have an impact on their wages and it can be very important.”

6. What is the “plainness penalty”?

A. To be paid less for being ordinarily-looking.

B. To be laughed at for being ordinarily-looking.

C. To be fired for being ordinarily-looking.

D. To be questioned for being ordinarily-looking.

7. What’s the average annual salary of a good-looking person?

A. ￡2,500. B. ￡25,000.

C. ￡22,500. D. ￡27,500.

8. Good-looking people are paid more probably because ______.

A. they look smarter B. they have higher degrees

C. they are better at pleasing others D. they are more confident

9. How many people were rated as very attractive in Jason Fletcher’s study?

A. About 280 B. About 4,000

C. About 2,000 D. About 320

10. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?

A. IQ is less important than appearance. B. Confidence makes people prettier.

C. Good looks earn an extra penny. D. How Plain Janes get a higher salary.

Passage Three

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

Were you constantly bored as a child? Maybe that helped you to develop your ability to be creative.

Boredom can be a good thing for children, according to Dr Teresa Belton, researcher at theUniversityofEast Anglia’sSchoolofEducationand Lifelong Learning. After interviewing authors, artists and scientists inBritain, she’s reached the conclusion that cultural expectations that children should be constantly active could block the development of their imagination.

British actress and writer Meera Syal grew up in a small mining village with few distractions. The researcher said: “Lack of things to do urged her to talk to people she wouldn’t otherwise have engaged with and try activities she wouldn’t, under other circumstances, have experienced, such as talking to elderly neighbors and learning to bake cakes.”

Belton added: “Boredom made her write. Meera Syal kept a diary from a young age, filling it with observations, short stories, poems.”

The researcher didn’t ignore the old saying the devil finds work for idle hands, though. Belton pointed out that young people who don’t have the interior resources to deal with boredom creatively may end up smashing up bus shelters or taking cars out for a joyride.

How about watching TV and videos on the computer? The researcher believes that nothing replaces standing and staring at things and observing your surroundings.

It’s the sort of thing that stimulates the imagination, she said, while the screen “tends to short circuit that process and the development of creative capacity”.

Dr Belton concluded: “For the sake of creativity, perhaps we need to slow down and stay offline from time to time.”

11. Dr Teresa Belton did her research by ______.

A. studying cultural differences

B. interviewing professionals

C. keeping a diary

D. observing the surroundings

12. Which of the following best describes the village where Meera Syal grew up?

A. Modern and open. B. Tiny and unexciting.

C. Poor and underdeveloped. D. Remote and violent.

13. The expression “the devil finds work for idle hands” probably means that people are more likely to ______.

A. do what they should not do if they meet devils

B. achieve nothing if they work with devils

C. do more work if they didn’t work hard when they were young

D. get involved in trouble if they have nothing to do with their time

14. What is Dr Belton’s advice for youngsters?

A. Observe the world around them.

B. Get information online from time to time.

C. Remain constantly active.

D. Read as many books as possible.

15. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Deal with boredom wisely.

B. Learn from a young age.

C. Enjoy village life.

D. Forget old sayings.

Passage Four

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:

During her junior year of high school, Candice Backus’s teacher handed her a sheet and instructed the 17-year-old to map out her future financial life. Backus pretended to buy a car, rent an apartment, and apply for a credit card. Then, she and her classmates played the “stock market game,” investing the hypothetical(假设的) earnings from their hypothetical jobs in the market in the fateful fall of 2008. “Our pretend investments crashed,” Backus says, still horrified. “We felt what actual shareholders were feeling.”

That pain of earning and losing money is a feeling that public schools increasingly want to teach. Forty states now offer some types of financial instruction at the elementary or high-school level, including lessons in balancing checkbooks(支票本) and buying stock in math and social-studies classes. The interest in personal-finance classes has risen since 2007 when bank failures became a regular occurrence.

Rather than teach investment strategies, these courses offer a basic approach to handling money: Don’t spend what you don’t have. Put part of your monthly salary into a savings account, and invest in the stock market for the long-term rather than short-term gains. For Backus, this means dividing her earnings from her part-time job at a fast-food restaurant into separate envelopes for paying bills, spending, and saving. “Money is so hard to make but so easy to spend,” she says one weekday after school.

After Backus finished her financial classes, she opened up a savings account at her local bank and started to think more about how she and her family would pay for college. “She just has a better understanding of money and how it affects the world,” says her mother, Darleen. All of this talk of money can make Backus worry, she says, but luckily, she feels prepared to face it.

16. The purpose of the high school class’s “stock market game” is to ______.

A. introduce a new course B. encourage personal savings

C. learn about investment D. teach credit card hazards

17. Student interest in taking classes on finance has increased because of ______.

A. the state of the economy B. the need for employment

C. the rate of graduation D. the desire to purchase cars

18. According to the passage, taking money management courses will help young people to ______.

A. get accepted by colleges B. become very wealthy

C. take more vacations D. prevent from going into debt

19. After Candice Backus completed the class about money, she ______.

A. is debt free B. manages the family income

C. will graduate early D. feels more competent

20. The author’s attitude toward financial classes in public schools is ______.

A. positive B. critical

C. objective D. worried

Format Ⅱ

Directions: In the following passage, some sentences have been removed. For questions 21—25, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit into any of the gaps. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet.(10 marks)

Now put on sunscreen(防晒霜)

Some sunscreens prevent sunburn but not other types of skin damage. Make sure yours offers a broad range of protection.

● 21. ______ Anything higher than SPF 50+ can tempt you to stay in the sun too long. Even if you don’t burn, your skin may be damaged. Stick to SPFs between 15 and 50+. Pick a product based on your own skin color, time outside, shade and cloud cover.

● News about vitamin A. Eating vitamin A-rich vegetables is good for you, but spreading vitamin A on your skin may not be. Government data shows that cancers develop sooner on skin coated with creams with vitamin A. 22. ______

● Pick a good sunscreen. EWG’s sunscreen database rates the safety and effect of about 1,400 SPF-rated products, including about 750 sunscreens for beaches and sports use. We give high ratings to brands that provide broad-range, long-lasting protection with ingredients that pose fewer health concerns when absorbed by the body.

● 23. ______ Cream, because sprays cloud the air with tiny particles that may not be safe to breathe. Reapply cream often. Sunscreen chemicals sometimes degrade in the sun, wash off or rub off on towels and clothing.

● 24. ______ The FDA treats powdered sunscreens as unapproved new drugs and may take enforcement action against companies that sell them-except for small businesses, which can sell powders until December 2013.

● 25. ______ Wear sunscreen. In 2009, nearly twice as many American men died from skin cancers as women. Surveys show that 34 percent of men wear sunscreens, compared to 78 percent of women.

● Got your vitamin D? Many people don’t get enough vitamin D, a hormone manufactured by the skin in the presence of sunlight. Your doctor can test your level and recommend supplements if you are low in this vital nutrient.

A. No powder!

B. Avoid midday sun.

C. Message for men:

D. Cream or spray?

E. Don’t fall for high SPF labels.

F. Take special precautions with infants and children.

G. Avoid any sun product whose label says vitamin A.

Section B (每小题1分)

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Please blacken the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.(10 marks)

A survey of English schoolchildren shows boys and girls are worrying about the way they look. The 26 found that over half of male schoolchildren lacked confidence because of their body

27 . The figure for girls was slightly 28 , at 59 percent. Researchers questioned 693 teachers about how their students 29 about their bodies. All the children had taken lessons on body image and self-esteem. Teachers said many children were very 30 if others said bad things about their appearances. Around 55 percent of teachers reported that girls were extremely sensitive to comment 31 their looks; the figure for boys being easily hurt by teasing(取笑) was 27 percent.

Teachers gave a number of 32 why children as young as four years old were stressing out about their shapes. Over 90 percent of teachers 33 the Internet and television. Children see images of “perfect” bodies every day and they feel they have to look that way too. Many children are on diets to make themselves 34 to the opposite sex. One elementary school teacher said: “I work with four to five-year-olds and some say things like, ‘I can’t eat cheese, it will make me

35 ’ ”. A teachers’ spokeswoman warned that children trying to look like “celebrities in the media only lead to misery”.

A. about F. fat K. questions

B. attractive G. felt L. reasons

C. blame H. for M. shape

D. complete I.higher N. study

E. discover J. lazy O. upset

Part Ⅱ Integrated Testing (30 marks, 30 minutes)

Section A Cloze (每小题1分)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet.(20 marks)

To stay economically competitive on a global scale, the United States needs 8 million more college graduates 36 2020. That may sound impossible, 37 according to Education at a Glance 2013, the 38 international report on the state of education 39 Tuesday by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the 40 is still the world leader in producing college graduates. 41 , OECD data 42 that almost half of the world’s university graduates come from three countries—theUnited States,ChinaandJapan.

43 the 34 OECD countries, 44 26 percent of the total 255 million college-educated 45 between the ages of 25 and 64 come from theUnited States.Chinacomes in a distant second at 12.1 percent andJapanis a 46 third at 11.4 percent.

Global prosperity(繁荣) won’t increase if only three nations 47 higher education output, so it’s exciting to see that the number of students 48 to college increased 25 percent across all OECD countries 49 1995 and 2012. If that 50 continues, 59 percent of young adults in those countries will go on to college, 51 19 percent will enter vocational programs over their lifetimes.

The number of students who actually graduate 52 college has increased as well. In 2012, an average of 39 percent of students in OECD nations 53 college, up from 20 percent in 1995. Since college dropouts 54 theU.S.economy billions of dollars every year, an international increase in graduation 55 is good news for the entire planet.

36. A. at B. since

C. from D. by

37. A. if B. so

C. but D. for

38. A. annual B. average

C. advanced D. available

39. A. recovered B. released

C. recommended D. required

40. A. university B. organization

C. nation D. continent

41. A. However B. Otherwise

C. In fact D. By the way

42. A. appeals B. exposes

C. emerges D. shows

43. A. Above B. Among

C. Beyond D. Beneath

44. A. nearly B. really

C. rarely D. necessarily

45. A. objects B. individuals

C. subjects D. targets

46. A. close B. counter

C. further D. forward

47. A. demonstrate B. occupy

C. dominate D. reach

48. A. confronting B. encountering

C. longing D. heading

49. A. including B. between

C. excluding D. toward

50. A. trend B. currency

C. direction D. distinction

51. A. so B. while

C. before D. because

52. A. for B. against

C. from D. in

53. A. tried B. hunted

C. left D. completed

54. A. give B. cost

C. bring D. plan

55. A. fee B. benefits

C. rates D. advantages

非选择题部分

注意事项：

用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。

Section B Short Answer Questions (每小题2分)

Directions: In this part there is a short passage followed by five questions. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions with no more than 10 words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet. (10 marks)

How would you feel if the letter you penned carefully and posted to your favorite star ended up in the recycling bin? That’s where unopened fan mail sent to singer Taylor Swift was found.

Swift’s management said it was an accident, but dealing with piles of letters is a burden for most public figures. According to the BBC reporter Jon Kelly, at the height of his fame, Johnny Depp was said to receive up to 10,000 letters a week.

Some celebrities don’t want letters. In 2008, Beatles drummer Ringo Starr announced openly that he would throw them out because he was too busy. Others do attempt to get through it themselves. Robert Pattinson, star of the Twilight films, claims that he reads “tonnes and tonnes” of letters from fans.

Many artists, however, outsource(外包) the tasks of opening, reading and replying. Sylvia Taylor, 58, has run a service inCaliforniathat does just that since 1987. She and her staff deal with up to 20,000 items of mail a month on behalf of 26 celebrities.

Most letters are simply declarations of affection and admiration, she says. A few ask for money. A small number contain threats which require her to contact the celebrity’s security team and the police.

The biggest problem forTayloris working out how to deal with the correspondence. Presents such as soft toys are sent to local hospitals, and the letters: most of them just get recycled.

Typically, correspondence is acknowledged by a photo with a printed “autograph(亲笔签名)”. For some, this is enough, according to Lynn Zubernis, an expert atWest ChesterUniversity. She says that the relationship between fans and celebrity may exist only in the mind of the former but it comes from a deeply-rooted human need for community.

56. Where were the unopened letters to singer Taylor Swift found?

57. Who told fans not to send any letters?

58. What will Sylvia Taylor do if fans are threatening her celebrity clients?

59. Which word in the passage is the closest in meaning to “public figure”?

60. What do fans usually get in return if they write letters to celebrities?

Part Ⅲ Translation (30 marks, 30 minutes) (每小题3分)

Section A From Chinese to English

Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet. (15 marks)

61. Compared with people lacking relationships, those who can name several intimate friends are ______ (更健康、不容易早逝、更加快乐).

62. I understand the two factors that contributed to my downfall: ______ (缺乏职业目标和缺乏自信).

63. My parents taught me not to take what’s not mine. I’ve always tried to ______ (教育我的子女同样的价值观).

64. I don’t know why you’re so concerned. ______ (这毕竟不是你的问题).

65. For such a big house the price is fairly low. But you’ve got to ______(考虑维修所需要的钱).

Section B From English to Chinese

Directions: Translate into Chinese the underlined sentences in the following passage. Write your translation on Answer Sheet. (15 marks)

Mary was very fond of television, so when she met a young man who worked for a television company, she was very interested and asked him a lot of questions. She discovered that he had also worked for a film company, 66. so she asked him whether there was any difference between film work and television work.

“Well,” answered the young man, “there is one very big difference. 67. If someone makes a mistake while a film is being made, it is possible to stop and do the scene again. In fact, one can do it over and over again a lot of times. Mistakes waste time, money and film, but the audience who see the film when it is finished don’t know that anything went wrong. In a live television show, on the other hand, the audience can see any mistakes that are made.”

“I can tell you a story about that. 68. One day, a live television show was going on, and one of the actors was supposed to have been shot. He fell to the ground, and the camera moved somewhere else to allow time for me to run out with a bottle of tomato sauce to pour on to him to look like blood. But unfortunately the camera turned back to him before I had finished, 69. and the people saw me pouring the sauce on to the man.”

“Oh, how terrible!” Mary said. “And what did you do?”

“Well”, answered the young man, “our television director is a very strict man. 70. If anyone makes a mistake, he fires him at once. So I just had to pretend that this was part of the story and eat the man.”

Part IV Writing (30 marks, 30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The Most Important Influence on Young Adults. You should write about 120 words following the Chinese outline given below.

(1) 有些人认为父母对年轻人的影响较大，也有些人认为朋友对年轻人的影响较大

(2) 我的看法

浙江省2014年选拔高职高专毕业生进入本科学习统一考试英语试题答案及评分参考

说明：

未在规定区域内答题，每错一个区域扣卷面总分1分。

Part I Reading Comprehension (60 marks, 60 minutes)

Section A (每小题2分)

Format Ⅰ

1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B

6. A 7. D 8. D 9. A 10. C

11. B 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. A

16. C 17. A 18. D 19. D 20. A

Format II

21. E 22. G 23. D 24. A 25. C

Section B (每小题1分)

26. N 27. M 28. I 29. G 30. O

31. A 32. L 33. C 34. B 35. F

Part II Integrated Testing (30 marks, 30 minutes)

Section A Cloze (每小题1分)

36. D 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. C

41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. B

46. A 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. A

51. B 52. C 53. D 54. B nbsp; 55. C

Section B Short Answer Questions (每小题2分)

56. In the recycling bin.

57. The Beatles’ drummer Ringo Starr.

58. Contact the celebrity’s security team and the police.

59. Celebrity.

60. A photo with a printed “autograph”.

Part Ⅲ Translation (30 marks, 30 minutes) (每小题3分)

Section A From Chinese to English

61. healthier, less likely to die earlier, and happier

62. the lack of a career goal and the lack of self-confidence

63. teach my children the same value.

64. It isn’t your problem after all

65. take into consideration the money you will spend on repairs

Section B From English to Chinese

66.所以她问他制作电影和制作电视是不是有区别。

67.制作电影时，如果有人出了差错，可以停下来重拍这场戏。

68.一天，现场直播的电视节目正在进行，其中一名演员将遭枪杀。

69.观众目睹了我往那人身上倒番茄浆。

70.如果有人出错，导演将立即开除他。

Part Ⅳ Writing (30 marks, 30 minutes)

71.Possible student version:

The Most Important Influence on Young Adults

Young adults are influenced by many aspects when they grow up. It’s obvious that their friends influence them a lot. However, I believe that parents play a more important role in the formation of the young’s values.

Parents provide better advice than friends and help children establish correct values because parents have experienced more things and look further into the future. In contrast, friends enjoy immediate benefits. For example, I once won a scholarship and had no idea about how to use the money. My friends thought I could buy an iPhone because it was cool and fashionable, while my parents suggested that I should save the money for my college tuition. I considered the latter more meaningful and reasonable, so I deposited money.

In conclusion, values are of extreme importance to young adults，so the influence from their parents are always greater than anything else.