口译笔记（二）

第五单元　口译笔记（二）

第一部分　技能总述

口译笔记是补充记忆的，上一单元强调口译笔记不求全，求快而有效率。因此，符号、字母是口译笔记中节省时间、提高效率的重要手段之一。笔记选取不同符号中也有一些学问，通常在记笔记时有几种不同类型的符号：

◆ 通用类：有一些符号是大家比较经常采用的，如：例如→eg.，等等→etc. 尤其是→esp.，也就是说→i.e.千米→km，千克→kg等等。还有一些单词的开头，基本被大家所认同，如电话tel，传真fax，政府gov；还有的缩写大家作笔记时更要特别熟悉，无论是实践还是考试中都十分有用，如联合国UN，联合国教科文组织UNESCO，亚太经合组织APEC等等。

◆ 自创类：这里所谓的自创类是指经过学习或实践中的习惯，形成的具有个人特点的一些口译笔记符号，这些符号在翻译记录的过程中还是非常有用的，只是因个人的习惯不同，可能无法共享，但在平时一些常用的短语或句子中经常出现的，译者一定要善于总结，尽量增加这一部分的符号，使口译笔记变得更有效率，同时也能提高记笔记的速度。如：V→同意或赞同；X代表→反对等。

◆ 临时发挥型：译者每次面对不同的翻译任务都有不同的词语或句子要应付，对此每个译者都可能在记笔记时有临时发挥的符号，对这一部分的符号最重要的是要保证译者能够看得懂，有几点小提示可以帮助译者让笔记更有条理。比如2010年信息安全与人工智能国际会议，译为2010 International Conference onInformation Security And Artificial Intelligence，可缩写为ISAI 2010。

译者在应对笔记符号多、难以理解的问题时，可以注意以下几个小问题：

◆ 每一行只有一个主题的一个主要意思，具体地说可以尽量只有一个动词，一个宾语等。

◆ 如果接下来一行的主语仍是与上一行一样的话，可以省略，还可以使用大括号等，使结构上更清晰。

◆ 如果有一个意思上的改变或者转折，用一个大写的B来代替but，或者用//等符号来代替。

这样的话，使口译笔记看起来更像是一个结构图，而不是像传统的笔记密密麻麻的那么不容易辩识，而且也会提高笔记的速度，但要求译者对符号的熟悉程度相对较高，通过练习可以解决。

第二部分　技巧解析

以下面两段为例：

1. London,the capital of the United Kingdom,has a population of about 7 million and an area of 1 580 square kilometres. Although it no longer ranks among the world’s most populous cities,London is still one of the world’s greatest centres for classical and popular culture. For example,it has enjoyed a reputation for superb theatre since the time of Shakespeare in the 16th century.

London boasts many world-famous tourist attractions. The most impressive sight-seeing places include the Big Ben,the Oxford Street,and of course the Buckingham Palace,where thousands of tourists come to watch the pageantry,the Changing of Guards. London itself is a living museum,with more than 2 000 years of history and culture. The jewel in this cultural crown is the British Museum,with more than 4 million exhibits.

以第一段为例，里面出现了不少的数字、单位和地名，我们可以利用一些符号，同时也有一些词汇和词组较长，我们就可以另起一行，以较短的单词或字母代替，以节约时间。

第二段讲的是伦敦的旅游，介绍了一些当地的旅游景点和特色，里面的很多部分就要求我们临时发挥想出一些代号，或者用汉语替代，否则很难记全。

这样两段就都比较简明却全面地记录下来了，里面大多数的符号属于通用型的，能比较清楚地看懂它们的意思，个别符号是临时产生的，根据单词的拼读规则把发音规律写下来的，不一定模式化，因为每一段译文都有很多这样的词，要根据情况现场随机应变。同时里面又有不少汉字，这是根据译文的意思写下来的，汉语好写，又是我们要翻译的目标语，不仅帮了笔记的忙，同时也为接下来的翻译节省了不少时间。

参考译文：

伦敦是英国的首都，人口约700万，面积1 580平方公里。今天的伦敦虽然已不再是世界人口最多的城市之一，但仍然是世界主要的古典文化和流行文化中心之一。例如，自16世纪莎士比亚时代起伦敦一直享有拥有一流剧院之美誉。

伦敦拥有许多世界著名的旅游胜地，令人印象最深刻的观光景点有大本钟、牛津街，当然还有白金汉宫，成千上万的旅游者到那里观看（皇家）卫队换岗典礼。伦敦自身就是一座活生生的博物馆，有着2 000多年的历史文化。大英博物馆则是镶刻在这顶文化皇冠上的一颗宝石，拥有400万余件展品。

2. 欢迎各位游览东海世界公园。东海世界公园是一座集世界各地名胜之大成的主题公园，其规模为远东同类公园之冠。你置身于包括世界七大奇观在内的100多处历史名胜与自然景观之中，一日便可游遍天下美景。

园内各类微型景观的选料大多为汉白玉、大理石、花岗石等优质石料，这些景观的制作工艺精湛无比，独具匠心，其复制程度之精确，形象之逼真，足可以假乱真，令游人叹为观止。

这两小段介绍了一个公园，第一段是公园的总体介绍，记笔记时要抓要点；第二段是微型景观，记笔记时则要抓住细节。

以英语为主，夹杂了几个汉语词，原因在于汉白玉，大理石和花岗石几个词是汉语里我们比较熟悉，但英语中这几个词不是特别熟悉就先写成汉语，当然如果特别熟悉写成英语也可。

参考译文：Welcome to Donghai World Park. Donghai World Park,which is the largest theme park of its kind unparalleled in the Far East,features a complete collection of the well-known world scenic spots. Surrounded by 100 sights of historical interest and natural attraction including the Seven Wonders of the World,you will easily fulfill your dream of touring around the world in a day.

The miniature replicas of the selected scenic sights were constructed out of top grade stones of white jade,marble and granite,all boasting exquisite workmanship and ingenious design. The tourists will find themselves engrossed in an involuntary admiration of the dazzling arrays of the exact scenic reproductions that are unbelievable true to the original.

Source:http://www.en8848.com.cn/yingyu/85/n-133785.html

第三部分　课文详解

词汇拓展

entrepreneurial activity　创业活动

majestic　宏大的

encompass　包括，包含

Shanghai Communique　上海公报

economic recovery　经济恢复

climate change　气候变化

Shanghai Sharks　上海鲨鱼队（中国篮球队）

infrastructure　基本结构

Lincoln Memorial　林肯纪念堂

Remarks by US President Barack Obama at Town

Hall Meeting with Future Chinese Leaders

Museum of Science and Technology,Shanghai,China November 16,2009

Good afternoon. It is a great honor for me to be here in Shanghai,and to have this opportunity to speak with all of you. I’d like to thank Fudan University’s President Yang for his hospitality and his gracious welcome. I’d also like to thank our outstanding Ambassador,Jon Huntsman,who exemplifies the deep ties and respect between our nations. I don’t know what he said,but I hope it was good. (Laughter.)

What I’d like to do is to make some opening comments,and then what I’m really looking forward to doing is taking questions,not only from students who are in the audience,but also we’ve received questions online,which will be asked by some of the students who are here in the audience,as well as by Ambassador Huntsman. And I am very sorry that my Chinese is not as good as your English,but I am looking forward to this chance to have a dialogue.

This is my first time traveling to China,and I’m excited to see this majestic country. Here,in Shanghai,we see the growth that has caught the attention of the world—the soaring skyscrapers,the bustling streets and entrepreneurial activity. And just as I’m impressed by these signs of China’s journey to the 21st century,I’m eager to see those ancient places that speak to us from China’s distant past. Tomorrow and the next day I hope to have a chance when I’m in Beijing to see the majesty of the Forbidden City and the wonder of the Great Wall. Truly,this is a nation that encompasses both a rich history and a belief in the promise of the future.

The same can be said of the relationship between our two countries. Shanghai,of course,is a city that has great meaning in the history of the relationship between the United States and China. It was here,37 years ago,that the Shanghai Communique opened the door to a new chapter of engagement between our governments and among our people. However,America’s ties to this city—and to this country—stretch back further,to the earliest days of America’s independence.

In 1784,our founding father,George Washington,commissioned the Empress of China,a ship that set sail for these shores so that it could pursue trade with the Qing Dynasty. Washington wanted to see the ship carry the flag around the globe,and to forge new ties with nations like China. This is a common American impulse—the desire to reach for new horizons,and to forge new partnerships that are mutually beneficial.

Over the two centuries that have followed,the currents of history have steered the relationship between our countries in many directions. And even in the midst of tumultuous winds,our people had opportunities to forge deep and even dramatic ties. For instance,Americans will never forget the hospitality shown to our pilots who were shot down over your soil during World War II,and cared for by Chinese civilians who risked all that they had by doing so. And Chinese veterans of that war still warmly greet those American veterans who return to the sites where they fought to help liberate China from occupation.

…

In 1979,trade between the United States and China stood at roughly $5 billion—today it tops over $400 billion each year. The commerce affects our people’s lives in so many ways. America imports from China many of the computer parts we use,the clothes we wear; and we export to China machinery that helps power your industry. This trade could create even more jobs on both sides of the Pacific,while allowing our people to enjoy a better quality of life. And as demand becomes more balanced,it can lead to even broader prosperity.

In 1979,the political cooperation between the United States and China was rooted largely in our shared rivalry with the Soviet Union. Today,we have a positive,constructive and comprehensive relationship that opens the door to partnership on the key global issues of our time—economic recovery and the development of clean energy; stopping the spread of nuclear weapons and the scourge of climate change; the promotion of peace and security in Asia and around the globe. All of these issues will be on the agenda tomorrow when I meet with President Hu.

And in 1979,the connections among our people were limited. Today,we see the curiosity of those ping-pong players manifested in the ties that are being forged across many sectors. The second highest number of foreign students in the United States come from China,and we’ve seen a 50 percent increase in the study of Chinese among our own students. There are nearly 200 friendship cities drawing our communities together. American and Chinese scientists cooperate on new research and discovery. And of course,Yao Ming is just one signal of our shared love of basketball—I’m only sorry that I won’t be able to see a Shanghai Sharks game while I’m visiting.

It is no coincidence that the relationship between our countries has accompanied a period of positive change. China has lifted hundreds of millions of people out of poverty—an accomplishment unparalleled in human history—while playing a larger role in global events. And the United States has seen our economy grow along with the standard of living enjoyed by our people,while bringing the Cold War to a successful conclusion.

…

None of this was easy. But we made progress because of our belief in those core principles,which have served as our compass through the darkest of storms. That is why Lincoln could stand up in the midst of civil war and declare it a struggle to see whether any nation,conceived in liberty,and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal could long endure. That is why Dr. Martin Luther King could stand on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial and ask that our nation live out the true meaning of its creed. That’s why immigrants from China to Kenya could find a home on our shores; why opportunity is available to all who would work for it; and why someone like me,who less than 50 years ago would have had trouble voting in some parts of America,is now able to serve as its President.

…

In addition to your growing economy,we admire China’s extraordinary commitment to science and research—a commitment borne out in everything from the infrastructure you build to the technology you use. China is now the world’s largest Internet user—which is why we were so pleased to include the Internet as a part of today’s event. This country now has the world’s largest mobile phone network,and it is investing in the new forms of energy that can both sustain growth and combat climate change—and I’m looking forward to deepening the partnership between the United States and China in this critical area tomorrow. But above all,I see China’s future in you—young people whose talent and dedication and dreams will do so much to help shape the 21st century.

…

That’s why I’m pleased to announce that the United States will dramatically expand the number of our students who study in China to 100 000. And these exchanges mark a clear commitment to build ties among our people,as surely as you will help determine the destiny of the 21st century. And I’m absolutely confident that America has no better ambassadors to offer than our young people. For they,just like you,are filled with talent and energy and optimism about the history that is yet to be written.

So let this be the next step in the steady pursuit of cooperation that will serve our nations,and the world. And if there’s one thing that we can take from today’s dialogue,I hope that it is a commitment to continue this dialogue going forward.

So thank you very much. And I look forward now to taking some questions from all of you. Thank you very much.

解析：

1. Good afternoon. It is a great honor for me to be here in Shanghai,and to have this opportunity to speak with all of you. I’d like to thank Fudan University’s President Yang for his hospitality and his gracious welcome. I’d also like to thank our outstanding Ambassador,Jon Huntsman,who exemplifies the deep ties and respect between our nations. I don’t know what he said,but I hope it was good. (Laughter.)

这是奥巴马总统上海科技馆演讲的开场部分，有一些套话，可以非常简要地记，通常是感谢致辞。此外这些人名及头衔是绝不能含糊的。

2. This is my first time traveling to China,and I’m excited to see this majestic country. Here,in Shanghai,we see the growth that has caught the attention of the world—the soaring skyscrapers,the bustling streets and entrepreneurial activity. And just as I’m impressed by these signs of China’s journey to the 21st century,I’m eager to see those ancient places that speak to us from China’s distant past. Tomorrow and the next day I hope to have a chance when I’m in Beijing to see the majesty of the Forbidden City and the wonder of the Great Wall. Truly,this is a nation that encompasses both a rich history and a belief in the promise of the future.

这段是一小段简单介绍，说了对中国的印象、丰富的历史、迅速的发展、重要的地方作记录，简单的一笔带过。

3. In 1784,our founding father,George Washington,commissioned the Empress of China,a ship that set sail for these shores so that it could pursue trade with the Qing Dynasty. Washington wanted to see the ship carry the flag around the globe,and to forge new ties with nations like China. This is a common American impulse—the desire to reach for new horizons,and to forge new partnerships that are mutually beneficial.

4. Over the two centuries that have followed,the currents of history have steered the relationship between our countries in many directions. And even in the midst of tumultuous winds,our people had opportunities to forge deep and even dramatic ties. For instance,Americans will never forget the hospitality shown to our pilots who were shot down over your soil during World War II,and cared for by Chinese civilians who risked all that they had by doing so. And Chinese veterans of that war still warmly greet those American veterans who return to the sites where they fought to help liberate China from occupation.

5. In 1979,trade between the United States and China stood at roughly $5 billion—today it tops over $400 billion each year. The commerce affects our people’s lives in so many ways. America imports from China many of the computer parts we use,the clothes we wear; and we export to China machinery that helps power your industry. This trade could create even more jobs on both sides of the Pacific,while allowing our people to enjoy a better quality of life. And as demand becomes more balanced,it can lead to even broader prosperity.

6. And in 1979,the connections among our people were limited. Today,we see the curiosity of those ping-pong players manifested in the ties that are being forged across many sectors. The second highest number of foreign students in the United States come from China,and we’ve seen a 50 percent increase in the study of Chinese among our own students. There are nearly 200 friendship cities drawing our communities together. American and Chinese scientists cooperate on new research and discovery. And of course,Yao Ming is just one signal of our shared love of basketball—I’m only sorry that I won’t be able to see a Shanghai Sharks game while I’m visiting.

7. None of this was easy. But we made progress because of our belief in those core principles,which have served as our compass through the darkest of storms. That is why Lincoln could stand up in the midst of civil war and declare it a struggle to see whether any nation,conceived in liberty,and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal could long endure. That is why Dr. Martin Luther King could stand on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial and ask that our nation live out the true meaning of its creed. That’s why immigrants from China to Kenya could find a home on our shores; why opportunity is available to all who would work for it; and why someone like me,who less than 50 years ago would have had trouble voting in some parts of America,is now able to serve as its President.

8. In addition to your growing economy,we admire China’ extraordinary commitment to science and research—a commitment borne out in everything from the infrastructure you build to the technology you use. China is now the world’s largest Internet user—which is why we were so pleased to include the Internet as a part of today’s event. This country now has the world’s largest mobile phone network,and it is investing in the new forms of energy that can both sustain growth and combat climate change—and I’m looking forward to deepening the partnership between the United

States and China in this critical area tomorrow. But above all,I see China’s future in you—young people whose talent and dedication and dreams will do so much to help shape the 21st century.

这一段讲中国经济科技各方面的提高：因特网、移动电话、新能源，作记录时一定要特别注意一样也不能少，同时提出对未来合作的希望。

9. That’s why I’m pleased to announce that the United States will dramatically expand the number of our students who study in China to 100 000. And these exchanges mark a clear commitment to build ties among our people,as surely as you will help determine the destiny of the 21st century. And I’m absolutely confident that America has no better ambassadors to offer than our young people. For they,just like you,are filled with talent and energy and optimism about the history that is yet to be written.

这一段是奥巴马总统对未来两国年轻人之间交流的展望，要一一记录清楚。

第四部分　技巧练习

（一）听录音作笔记,并将其译成英语。

1. 中澳经济优势高度互补，利益交融很深。中国十二五规划期间，将坚持实施互利共赢开放战略，加快转变经济发展方式。这必然使两国合作领域更广，可挖掘潜力更大。有一位澳记者曾列举出，中澳除能源合作外，可在金融服务、信息产业、通讯技术、生物科技、物流、健康保健、城市规划管理、汽车设计、清洁能源、再生能源、体育产业、教育、旅游、法律服务等10多个领域开展科研与产业合作。面对如此广阔的经贸合作空间，自贸协定将促进双边经济技术合作迈出一大步。我们期待与澳方共同努力，切实推动自贸谈判进程。

2. 中美建交 32 年来，两国关系已经成长为具有战略意义和全球影响的双边关系。奥巴马总统就职以来，在双方共同努力下，两国各领域合作成果丰硕，中美关系得到新的发展，为两国人民带来了实实在在的利益，为世界和平与发展作出了重要贡献。在 21 世纪第二个十年开始之际，中美两国人民都期待中美关系发展得更好，各国人民都期待世界发展得更好。面对新形势新挑战，中美两国拥有广泛的共同利益，肩负着重要的共同责任。我们应该登高望远、求同存异，共同推动中美关系长期健康稳定发展。我希望通过这次访问，推进积极合作全面的中美关系，开启两国伙伴合作新篇章。

3. 我这次应希拉里·克林顿国务卿邀请来访，是为胡锦涛主席即将应巴拉克·奥巴马总统邀请对美国进行的国事访问做准备，并就当前中美关系和双方共同关心的重大国际地区问题交换意见。在华盛顿期间，我有幸拜会了奥巴马总统，并与克林顿国务卿、多尼隆助理、盖特纳财长、骆家辉部长进行了内容广泛、富有成果的会见和会谈。我还同美国社会各界人士进行了很好的交流。再过两周，胡锦涛主席就要踏上美国的土地。在中美重新打开交往大门40周年和21世纪第二个十年伊始之际进行的这次访问，是中美双方承前启后，推进新时期两国关系的重大安排，必将产生重大而深远的影响。

4. 中美伙伴合作应该基于相互尊重。我们生活在一个越来越丰富多彩的世界之中。中美两国要尊重彼此对发展道路的选择，尊重对方核心利益，通过沟通加深了解，通过对话增进互信，通过交流扩大共识。中美伙伴合作应该基于互利共赢。中国的前途命运日益紧密地同世界的前途命运联系在一起，中美交往更加紧密，交流互鉴应该成为我们的共同选择，合作共赢应该成为我们的相处之道。

5. 中美伙伴合作应该基于共迎挑战。中美两国应该就国际事务加强沟通和协调，合作应对各种全球性挑战，为世界和平与发展作出更大贡献。中美伙伴合作应该基于人民广泛参与。中美两国人民相互怀有深厚的友好感情，曾经在决定人类前途命运的重大历史关头并肩战斗。两国人民应该扩大交往、加强友谊，为中美关系发展提供不竭动力。

6. 近两年来中国网民规模极具扩大，网络基础设施日益完善，互联网普及率不断提高，截至目前，中国网民规模达到4.4亿，互联网普及率攀升到33％，宽带网民规模是3.6亿，使用电脑上网的群体中宽带普及率达到98％，国际出口带宽近1 000G，农村网民达到1.15亿，占整体网民的27.4％，网民每周上网的时间继续增加，人均每周上网时长达到19.8小时，特别值得一提的是中国手机网民的规模达到2.77亿，其中只使用手机上网的网民占整体网民的比例提升到了11.7％，使用手机作为上网设备的占比攀升到了65.9％，移动互联网用户在全部移动用户的渗透率达到33％，手机网民在信息获取和交流沟通类的应用上，使用率比较高，手机的即时通信使用率位居首位，达到61.5％，手机搜索以48.4％的使用率排名第二。

7. 中国同朝鲜半岛陆地相连，隔海相望。我们的半岛政策目标可以用“和平、稳定、无核”六个字来概括。为此，中方一直在敦促半岛南北双方冷静克制，推动他们接触对话。事实说明，施压用强无助于解决问题，对话协商才是根本出路。正是基于此，我们一直积极推动有关方面通过接触对话探寻解决问题的有效办法。我们认为，六方会谈是推进半岛无核化、维护半岛稳定、实现东北亚长治久安的最佳平台和有效依托。我们呼吁尽快举行六方会谈团长紧急磋商，在此基础上适时重启六方会谈，有关各方全面、平衡履行“9·19”共同声明，推动半岛无核化进程继续向前走。

8. 自从新加坡放宽到中国旅游探亲的限制后，新加坡掀起了旅游中国的热潮。新加坡不少旅行社刊登大幅广告，组织前往中国的旅游团。新加坡报纸还为此出版中国旅游特辑，介绍中国各地的旅游区和名胜古迹。据初步统计，举行中国之游的旅行社，大小多达三十家。新加坡《联合早报》不久前刊登中国旅游特辑，图文并茂地详细介绍了北京的万里长城，南京的石头城、明孝陵、紫金山，西安的半坡村，四川的峨嵋山，安徽的黄山等旅游胜地。

9. 在为抵御全球金融危机影响而大幅扩大货币供应之后，中国现在正想方设法抑制物价上涨，尤其是粮食价格上涨。高盛（Goldman Sachs）预测，1月份，中国居民消费价格指数（CPI）同比涨幅很可能会从去年12月的4.6％升至5.3％。此次加息在许多人的意料之中。多数经济学家预计，未来几个月至少还会再有一次加息，中国的存款准备金率也会再次上调。

10. 上个月，中国央行刚刚将中国大型银行的存款准备金率上调至19.5％，创下历史最高水平，这也是2010年初以来的第八次上调。长期存款利率的上调幅度将多达45个基点，这反映出政府忧虑实际利率为负会加剧通胀。德意志银行（Deutsche Bank）中国首席经济师马骏（Jun Ma）指出：“在当前环境下，储户们倾向于从银行取出存款，去购买房产、大宗商品甚至消费品，以对冲通胀。”提高长期存款利率有助于将存款锁定在银行体系内。

（二）听录音，作笔记，并将其译成汉语。

1. Platforms like instant messaging and communities have become nearly half of Chinese Internet users’ first choice of entrance. For portal sites with news communication as their traditional business,in the post-portal era,they are faced with a new situation:acquisition of news is no longer the only or most important demand of Internet surfers. China Internet Network Information Center said in its latest statistics that online entertainment,e-commerce and community exchanges have led to the growth of users.

2. Over the past 16 months,we have worked together to lay the foundation for that positive,cooperative,and comprehensive relationship that President Obama and President Hu have committed our nations to pursuing. We launched the strategic and economic dialogue last year in Washington,as the premier convening mechanism in our relationship. And this year we have assembled an even broader and deeper team,here in China,to address our growing agenda. We have built avenues of cooperation and identified areas of mutual interest. We are conscious that meaningful progress against great global challenges is the work of years,not days. We know that this gathering,in and of itself,is a foundation for ongoing cooperation that has to take place every day at every level of our government. And so,we will blend urgency and persistence in pursuit of shared goals.

3. Since its launch in 1991,the China-ASEAN dialogue process has witnessed the rapid development of bilateral relations in many sectors,enhancing our friendship and cooperation. This year,the ASEAN-China FTA came into force. This FTA is a regional trading arrangement of some global significance given the magnitude of trade between the two sides,accounting for 13.7 per cent of global trade or almost half of Asia’s total trade in 2007. In November 2008,ASEAN and China elevated their cooperation in the area of information with the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding on Information and Media Cooperation in Nanning. It is the first MOU that ASEAN has signed with a Dialogue Partner in the area of information and media.

4. On the European side we have taken a number of decisive steps to overcome the financial crisis. The European Union,through the coordinated action of its institutions,Governments and Central Banks,has reacted promptly and firmly,devoting very large amounts of money to restore the confidence of the public,protect deposits and reestablish the flows of interbank loans. The European Union has also taken a leading role on the world stage,partly by calling for stronger international cooperation,but also by setting an example and showing to the world what concrete actions can be taken.

5. The forum,themed “China and the New Asian Century”,show the great concern over the prospects of development of China and Asia,and the roles of China and Asia in the global economy. It also indicates that with surging economic globalization,China and Asia are quickly becoming a new growth engine for the world while the global boom is also generating more important opportunities for China and Asia. Continued mutually-beneficial economic cooperation and rising interdependence among the world’s countries will usher in an even better future for global economy in development.

6. I repeat. The role of China in these circumstances is crucial. Premier Wen Jiabao recently declared at World Forum in Tianjin that the main responsibility of China is to maintain for itself steady and stable economic growth. I very much agree. In 1997/1998,during the Asian financial crisis,we worked together to overcome it. Now,once again,we need a concerted effort from governments and central banks worldwide. It is good that China has taken the initiative in proposing that this matter be discussed at our ASEM summit tomorrow.

7. This greater interdependence is not limited to the financial sector. The new challenges of today are global in nature and therefore,they demand a global response. This applies to issues such as climate change,energy security,terrorism prevention,trafficking and organized crime. We can no longer meet these challenges by closing the door and simply looking after our own house. Instead,we must reach out and seek cooperation,wherever cooperation is more effective. The world is currently witnessing the broadest and deepest wave of globalization ever producing great opportunities but also some risks. Globalisation has helped hundreds of millions from poverty and provided businesses with the possibility to invest and expand abroad. But those same businesses know that they can no longer live on past achievements. Workers around the world fear for their jobs. Globalisation increases competition and exposes weaknesses and poor commercial decisions.

8. We in China have identified the goal for the first 20 years of this century. That is to firmly seize the important window of strategic opportunities to build a moderately prosperous society of a higher standard in an all-round way for the benefits of our over one billion people. By 2020,we will quadruple China’s GDP of 2000 to approximately 4 trillion US dollars with a per capita level of some 3 000 US dollars,and further develop the economy,improve democracy,advance science and education,enrich culture,foster greater social harmony and upgrade the texture of life for the people. We are deeply aware that China,for a considerably long period of time to come,will remain a developing country. The population figure of 1.3 billion alone will make the fulfillment of the above goal a formidable challenge and we must be prepared for a long and uphill journey ahead.

9. China and the rest of Asia and the world at large are closely related when it comes to development. A developing China will,as always,generate cooperation opportunities with win-win results for other countries in Asia and the world over. By the end of 2004,China had attracted a total of 562.1 billion US dollars in FDI,approved the establishment in China of more than 500 000 foreign-funded enterprises and created a huge import market of some 560 billion US dollars annually.

10. During the same period,the world has witnessed China’s spectacular development. Hundreds of millions have been lifted from the infernal cycle of poverty and underdevelopment,and today China can look to her future with confidence and pride. Since its beginnings,the EU has actively supported China’s opening up and reform policy. We have opened European markets and our companies helped your economic revitalization and employment in China,as well as by transferring technology and know-how through our investments. We have an active and vibrant European business community in China.

第五部分　练习段落拓展

1. Good morning. It’s a great pleasure to be here. Today is a major milestone for Microsoft as our first Professional Developers Conference here in China. The key partnerships we build with software developers around the world are central not only to the success of Windows but also to realize the possibility that PC technology provides. It’s through applications of every variety that businesses will be using the personal computer as the tool of the Information Age.

It’s rather amazing how fast this innovation is moving. Even to keep the like of myself who are deeply involved in the industry to go and see the improvement and every element that are taking place on a yearly basis is quite fantastic. Of course one of the driving factors of this business is the exponential increase in processor performance. There is no doubt that the magic of chip capability has delivered through the advance in microprocessor allows us to think of application which never would have been possible before.

The PC industry is one of the few industries that can deliver lower price equipment at the same time as improving the capabilities. The storage systems are now delivering Gigabyte of storage as the standard capability. Over 80 million of PCs are being sold a year. And the server market,the higher performance machines that these PCs networked with,is the fastest growing part of this business. The performance of those servers is increasing not only because the individual processors are faster,but also because we are using multiple-processor machines,so called SMP designs and clustering nodes together…

Great chips,systems developers,partners who are sponsoring this event,making this all possible. There is an incredible opportunity for developers. The applications that are written today will sell to an even larger base of machines out in the market. There is a lot that we’re doing to increase the work of good developers—make sure they understand where the PC is going and how tools can help them now,more and more marketing type of activities making sure they got in with the customers. This is something that we are going to increase year after year.

The overall DNS message is one about helping developers seize that opportunity by bringing together the different architectures,making things automatic and allowing this to be done in an evolutionary fashion. I think it’s a fantastic time to be developer and we appreciate being here and look forward to the opportunity to work with you more. Thank you.

2. The first is Abengoa Solar,a company that has agreed to build one of the largest solar plants in the world right here in the United States. After years of watching companies build things and create jobs overseas,it’s good news that we’ve attracted a company to our shores to build a plant and create jobs right here in America. In the short term,construction will create approximately 1 600 jobs in Arizona. What’s more,over 70 percent of the components and products used in construction will be manufactured in the USA,boosting jobs and communities in states up and down the supply chain. Once completed,this plant will be the first large-scale solar plant in the U.S. to actually store the energy it generates for later use—even at night. And it will generate enough clean,renewable energy to power 70 000 homes. The second company is Abound Solar Manufacturing,which will manufacture advanced solar panels at two new plants,creating more than 2 000 construction jobs and 1 500 permanent jobs. A Colorado plant is already underway,and an Indiana plant will be built in what’s now an empty Chrysler factory. When fully operational,these plants will produce millions of state-of-the-art solar panels each year.

These are just two of the many clean energy investments in the Recovery Act. Already,I’ve seen the payoff from these investments. I’ve seen once-shuttered factories humming with new workers who are building solar panels and wind turbines; rolling up their sleeves to help America win the race for the clean energy economy.

3. 中国通信设备经销商华为（Huawei）和中兴通信（ZTE）之间的专利与商标争端升级到了前所未有的水平。两者此前曾卷入欧洲与美国竞争对手发起的知识产权诉讼。中兴通信周四表示，德国一家法庭颁布的临时禁令无法阻挠其在欧洲的扩张。该公司还采取了公开讨论与华为争端细节的非常之举。德国汉堡地区法庭于5月2日颁布了一项暂时禁令，禁止中兴通信提供、营销或拥有具有特定商标与设计的USB调制解调器。但中兴通信周四表示，在 2009 年华为向欧盟申请商标注册之前，自己就已经停止使用该商标。中兴通信称华为的起诉行为在“技术、市场与实质性法律诉讼之外”。然而，华为立刻进行了反击。“与中兴通信今日发表的声明正相反，中兴通信并未停止在其产品上使用相关商标。”“中兴通信仍在销售这些产品，所以法庭才会颁布禁令，”华为西欧业务副总裁提姆·沃特金斯（Tim Watkins）向英国《金融时报》表示。“如果这些产品没有销售，法庭是不会颁布禁令的。”据知情人士透露，华为已经致函拥有中兴通信带有问题标识的USB调制解调器的欧洲经销商，要求他们停止销售。

Source:http://www.en8848.com.cn/yingyu/86/n-141086.html

4. 女士们，先生们：

中国是世界上最的发展中国家，欧盟是世界最大的发达经济体，多层经济互补和全面战略伙伴关系，决定了中欧经贸合作的前景一定是无限广阔的。一方面，中国内需扩大将给欧洲企业带来越来越多、越来越好的商机。欧洲在汽车、飞机、技术装备、高档消费品和奢侈品、绿色科技产品、节能环保技术等领域具有非常强的竞争优势。中国内需的扩大，将会持续拉动上述行业扩大对华出口，为欧洲企业提供大量投资机会。大众汽车公司最近决定，未来两年内将新增投资44亿欧元，扩大在中国的产品研发和生产能力。这种例子不胜枚举。

另一方面，中国将为世界实现“强劲、持续和平衡增长”作出积极贡献。2009年，中国经济增全部来自内需支撑；贸易顺差占GDP的比重从2007年11％的峰值下降至去年的4％。今年一季度贸易顺差同比下降接近80％，预计全年贸易顺差占GDP比重可能下降至 3％以下。当然，仅靠中国一家不可能实现全球经济的“强劲、持续和平衡增长”目标。当前一些发达国家仍然限制高科技等领域的对华出口，严重制约双边贸易平衡状况的改善。希望在座各位朋友与我们一道，呼吁取消这些不合理的管制，促进自由贸易发展。这不仅关乎中国民众的利益，也是当前促进各国扩大出口、进一步巩固复苏、实现互利共赢的客观要求。

全球化的深入发展已经把世界各国的命运日益紧密地联系在一起。没有任何一国能够将自己的持久发展与繁荣建立在他国的贫穷和利益受损之上。中国的发展离不开欧洲和世界，欧洲和世界的发展也离不开中国。中国内需增长前景十分光明，中国愿意与包括欧盟在内的世界各国一道共享发展机遇和成果。我真诚地希望各位朋友站在战略和长远的高度看待中欧经贸关系，与其他支持中欧关系发展的朋友一道，坚持彼此市场开放，推动贸易自由化和便利化，反对各种形式的保护主义，推动中欧经贸关系平稳有序发展，同时为世界经济的稳定复苏与强劲增长作出更大贡献。

谢谢！

第六部分　段落实战与演练

Passage 1

词汇补充

plug-in　可充电，插电式

hybrid　混合动力

cynics and the naysayers　嘲讽者和反对者

Small Business Jobs Act　小企业就业法案

maximum capacity　最大容量

bankruptcy　破产

shoulder-to-shoulder　肩并肩

Hello everyone. I’m speaking to you from the GM auto plant here in Detroit,Michigan,where a hopeful story is unfolding in a place that’s been one of the hardest hit in America.

Today,the men and women in this plant are proving these cynics wrong. Since GM and Chrysler emerged from bankruptcy,our auto industry has added 55 000 jobs—the strongest period of job growth in more than ten years. For the first time since 2004,all three American automakers are operating at a profit. Sales have begun to rebound. And plants like this that wouldn’t have existed if all of us didn’t act are now operating maximum capacity.

What’s more,thanks to our investments,a lot of these auto companies are reinventing themselves to meet the demands of a new age. At this plant,they’re hard at work building the high-quality,fuel-efficient cars of tomorrow—cars like the plug-in hybrid Chevy Volt that can run 40 miles before taking a sip of gasoline. Throughout Michigan,an advanced battery industry is taking root that will power clean electric cars—an industry that produced only 2 percent of the world’s advanced batteries last year,but will now be able to produce as much as 40 percent in a little over five years. That’s real progress.

There’s no doubt that we have a long way to go and a lot of work to do before folks here and across the country can feel whole again. But what’s important is that we’re finally beginning to see some of the tough decisions we made pay off. And if we had listened to the cynics and the naysayers—if we had simply done what the politics of the moment required—none of this progress would have happened.

Still,even as these icons of American industry are being reborn,we also need to stand shoulder-to-shoulder with America’s small businessmen and women,as well—particularly since they’re the ones who create most of the new jobs in this country.

As we work to rebuild our economy,I can’t imagine anything more common-sense than giving additional tax breaks and badly-needed lending assistance to America’s small business owners so they can grow and hire. That’s what we’re trying to do with the Small Business Jobs Act—a bill that has been praised as being good for small businesses by groups like the Chamber of Commerce and the National Federation of Independent Business. It’s a bill that includes provision after provision authored by both Democrats and Republicans. But yesterday,the Republican leaders in the Senate once again used parliamentary procedures to block it. Understand,a majority of Senators support the plan. It’s just that the Republican leaders in the Senate won’t even allow it to come up for a vote.

That isn’t right. And I’m calling on the Republican leaders in the Senate to stop holding America’s small businesses hostage to politics,and allow an up-or-down vote on this small business jobs bill.

At a time when America is just starting to move forward again,we can’t afford the do-nothing policies and partisan maneuvering that will only take us backward. I won’t stand here and pretend everything’s wonderful. I know that times are tough. But what I also know is that we’ve made it through tough times before. And we’ll make it through again. The men and women hard at work in this plant make me absolutely confident of that.

So to all the naysayers out there,I say this:Don’t ever bet against the American people. Because we don’t take the easy way out. That’s not how we deal with challenge. That’s not how we build this country into the greatest economic power the world has ever known. We did it by summoning the courage to persevere,and adapt,and push this country forward,inch by inch. That’s the spirit I see in this plant today,and as long as I have the privilege of being your President,I will keep fighting alongside you until we reach a better day.

Thanks.

Passage 2

亚洲是我们共同生活的这个世界的重要组成部分。放眼全球，当今世界正处在与18年前不同的大发展、大调整、大变革中。世界仍然很不安宁，但是和平与发展的力量从来没有像今天这样强大，多极化趋势从来没有象今天这样清晰，各国的命运从来没有像今天这样紧密相关，国际合作与国际关系民主化的呼声从来没有像今天这样强劲。我们今天生活的这个世界是一个多元化、多样化和多极化趋势不断发展的世界，一个资源全球配置、资金商品与人员全球流动的世界，一个政治、经济、文化、社会快速发展进步的世界。这个世界已不可能接受任何形式的霸权和单一价值体系，世界事务由一两个或几个国家决定的时代已经过去。

十八年后的今天，我们这个曾经以璀璨文明推动了世界进步的亚洲，虽然也面临着多方面复杂的问题和挑战，但它以众多的人口、多样的文化、快速的增长、区域的合作，成为全球最具发展活力和潜力的地区，为世界和平、发展、进步作出越来越大的贡献。作为亚洲人，我们有理由为此感到自豪。

展望未来，经济全球化、世界多极化、地区一体化将会更加深入发展，各国相互依存，利益交融，更加密不可分。人类遇到的共同性问题和全球性挑战日益增多，国际体系变革和全球治理机制建设加速推进，国际竞争与国际合作将在更高层次和更广领域展开。世界“地球村”中的亚洲地区，既面临前所未有的发展机遇，区域合作的各种选择；也面临不少热点问题和安全威胁，各国维护和平稳定、促进经济发展、提高民众福祉依然任重道远。

中国是亚洲大家庭中的一员。中国人民同亚洲各国人民有过共同的历史命运，又一同走过了艰难曲折的发展道路。我们深知，中国的繁荣发展、安全 稳定离不开亚洲的振兴与和平安宁；亚洲的繁荣发展、安全稳定也离不开中国的发展与安定。实际上我们已处于祸福相依、安危与共的利益与命运共同体中。我愿在这里郑重告诉各位，中国是一个对中国人民、对亚洲、对世界都负责任的国家。中国热爱和平、珍惜稳定、寻求合作、致力发展，将继续坚定不移地巩固和加强同亚洲各国的睦邻友好关系，扩大和加深互利共赢合作，向有关国家提供力所能及的真诚帮助，积极参与和支持区域、次区域合作机制的发展，为亚洲更加繁荣、稳定、安全作出自己应有的贡献。我还要告诉各位，中国仍然是一个发展中国家，要实现中华民族的伟大复兴，还有很长很长的路要走，还有许多许多难题需要解决，即使将来有一天真正发展起来，富裕起来了，我们仍将走和平发展道路，把自己的力量用来为亚洲和世界的和平、安定、发展服务。中国决不当超级大国，永远不谋求在亚洲和世界上称王称霸。我们没有这种传统，没有这种欲望，更没有这种政策。我也要告诉各位，作为论坛的创始成员国，中国将一如既往地积极参与亚信论坛各领域信任措施的落实工作，为论坛长期发展提供有力支持，包括继续向论坛捐款，使论坛越办越好。

我们已经进入了21世纪的第二个十年。有人说，过去的几个世纪里，往往头二十年的大事决定和影响着整个世界的历史走向。中国愿与亚洲各国一起坚定合作意志，完善合作机制，强化合作实践，共同努力，把下一个十年亚洲的事情办好，使亚洲的21世纪成为合作、安全、繁荣的世纪。

Passage 3

词汇补充

filibuster　阻挠

SBA Program　小企业管理局计划

recession （经济）衰退

recovery （经济）复苏

make ends meet　收支平衡

partisan minority　少数党派

unemployment insurance　失业保险

expire　过期

This week,many of our largest corporations reported robust earnings—a positive sign of growth.

But too many of our small business owners and those who aspire to start their own small businesses continue to struggle,in part because they can’t get the credit they need to start up,grow,and hire. And too many Americans whose livelihoods have fallen prey to the worst recession in our lifetimes—a recession that cost our economy eight million jobs—still wonder how they’ll make ends meet.

That’s why we need to take new,commonsense steps to help small businesses,grow our economy,and create jobs—and we need to take them now.

For months,that’s what we’ve been trying to do. But too often,the Republican leadership in the United States Senate chooses to filibuster our recovery and obstruct our progress. And that has very real consequences.

Consider what that obstruction means for our small businesses—the growth engines that create two of every three new jobs in this country. A lot of small businesses still have trouble getting the loans and capital they need to keep their doors open and hire new workers. So we proposed steps to get them that help:Eliminating capital gains taxes on investments. Establishing a fund for small lenders to help small businesses. Enhancing successful SBA programs that help them access the capital they need.

But again and again,a partisan minority in the Senate said “no,” and used procedural tactics to block a simple,up-or-down vote.

Think about what these stalling tactics mean for the millions of Americans who’ve lost their jobs since the recession began. Over the past several weeks,more than two million of them have seen their unemployment insurance expire. For many,it was the only way to make ends meet while searching for work—the only way to cover rent,utilities,even food.

Three times,the Senate has tried to temporarily extend that emergency assistance. And three times,a minority of Senators—basically the same crowd who said “no” to small businesses—said “no” to folks looking for work,and blocked a straight up-or-down vote.

Some Republican leaders actually treat this unemployment insurance as if it’s a form of welfare. They say it discourages folks from looking for work. Well,I’ve met a lot of folks looking for work these past few years,and I can tell you,I haven’t met any Americans who would rather have an unemployment check than a meaningful job that lets you provide for your family. And we all have friends,neighbors,or family members who already knows how hard it is to land a job when five workers are competing for every opening.

Now in the past,Presidents and Congresses of both parties have treated unemployment insurance for what it is—an emergency expenditure. That’s because an economic disaster can devastate families and communities just as surely as a flood or tornado.

Suddenly,Republican leaders want to change that. They say we shouldn’t provide unemployment insurance because it costs money. So after years of championing policies that turned a record surplus into a massive deficit,including a tax cut for the wealthiest Americans,they’ve finally decided to make their stand on the backs of the unemployed. They’ve got no problem spending money on tax breaks for folks at the top who don’t need them and didn’t even ask for them; but they object to helping folks laid off in this recession who really do need help. And every day this goes on,another 50 000 Americans lose that badly needed lifeline.

Well,I think these Senators are wrong. We can’t afford to go back to the same misguided policies that led us into this mess. We need to move forward with the policies that are leading us out of this mess.

The fact is,most economists agree that extending unemployment insurance is one of the single most cost-effective ways to help jumpstart the economy. It puts money into the pockets of folks who not only need it most,but who also are most likely to spend it quickly. That boosts local economies. And that means jobs.

Increasing loans to small business. Renewing unemployment insurance. These steps aren’t just the right thing to do for those hardest hit by the recession—they’re the right thing to do for all of us. And I’m calling on Congress once more to take these steps on behalf of America’s workers,and families,and small business owners—the people we were sent here to serve.

Because when storms strike Main Street,we don’t play politics with emergency aid. We don’t desert our fellow Americans when they fall on hard times. We come together. We do what we can to help. We rebuild stronger,and we move forward. That’s what we’re doing today. And I’m absolutely convinced that’s how we’re going to come through this storm to better days ahead.

Passage 4

词汇补充

香港特别行政区行政长官　The Chief Executive of HK SAR

世博香港周　Hong Kong Week

一国两制　One Country,Two Systems

十二五计划　12th Five-Year Plan

人员伤亡　heavy casualties

区域化　regionalisation

国际化　internationalisation

优化经济结构　optimise economic structure

各位嘉宾，各位朋友：

很高兴和大家一起，在这里庆祝中华人民共和国成立61周年。

二十一世纪的头一个十年，见证国家经济的高速发展，综合国力不断提升，人民生活质素大幅改善，成就举世瞩目。

我出任行政长官以来，经常有机会造访内地，从东北到海南，从富饶的沿海省份，到腾飞中的中西部各省，我和我的同事都多次踏足，亲身感受到内地发展一日千里。即使是同一个城市，每次到访都带给我新的感受、新的震撼。

但在迈向繁荣富强的道路上，国家也不是无风无雨。就像过去一年，多个省份的水灾、甘肃的泥石流、青海地震，导致不少人员伤亡，家园破碎，和严重的经济损失。说明我们辽阔的国土上，在发展的过程中，仍然有不少困难和挑战，需要国家上下团结，同心同德，一起克服。

今年，国家举办了“上海世界博览会”，再一次成为全球目光所在。它是有史以来规模最大的一次世博。我知道不少市民已经趁暑假和长假期到上海参观过。我希望大家把握展期最后一个月的机会，感受世博的魅力。香港会继续全情参与，包括在十月十八至二十二日举办“世博香港周”，将五个多月以来的香港参博活动带进高峰。

各位，国家在地区和世界的经济影响力正不断增加。这是后金融海啸时期国际经济的一个重要的变化。随国家的内需、对外贸易和对外投资不断扩大，这个现象会不断深化。在这个变化的过程中，香港可以利用本身的优势，发挥我们作为国际金融中心的角色，推动人民币区域化、国际化，并提升香港的竞争力，也为内地金融开放累积经验，促进国家经济的进一步发展。

国家今后发展的方向，是要加快转变经济发展模式，优化经济结构。香港的服务业发展成熟，在国际上占领导地位，加上“一国两制”的独特优势，在“十二·五”时期可以对国家发展作出新的贡献。现在“十二·五”规划起草已到了关键时刻，我们会积极配合国家规划工作，以充分发挥香港的功能角色。

各位嘉宾，各位朋友：国家的发展有很美好的前景。我希望各界朋友都可以把握当前时机，为国家、为香港的发展作出贡献。最后，让我们一起为国家、为香港的美好未来，干杯！

参考答案

第三部分　课文详解

你们好。能够有机会在上海跟你们大家交谈，我深感荣幸。我要感谢复旦大学的杨校长，感谢他的款待和热情的欢迎。我还要感谢我们出色的大使洪博培，他代表了我们两国之间的深远联系和相互尊重。我不知道他刚才说什么，但是希望他说得不错。（笑声）

我今天准备先做一个开场白，但我真正希望做的是回答问题，不但回答在座的学生提出的问题，同时也回答从网上提出的一些问题，这些问题由在座的一些学生和洪博培大使代为提出。很抱歉，我的中文不如你们的英文，但我期待着这个和你们对话的机会。

这是我首次访问中国，看到你们壮丽的国家，我感到很兴奋。在上海，我们看到了全球瞩目的发展——高耸的大厦、繁忙的街道和如火如荼的商业活动。中国迈向21世纪的这些景象给我留下了深刻印象。同时，我也期盼看到向我们展现中国悠久历史的古迹。明天和后天我会在北京，希望有机会看到壮观的故宫和被誉为“奇迹”的长城。的确，这是一个既有丰富的历史，又对未来的希望充满信心的国家。

我们两国的关系也是如此。毫无疑问，上海在美中关系史上是一个具有重大意义的城市。正是在这里，37年前发表的《上海公报》（Shanghai Communique）开启了我们两国政府和两国人民接触交往的新篇章。然而，美国与这个城市以及这个国家的纽带可以追溯到更久远的过去，直至美国独立初期。

1784年，我们的建国之父乔治·华盛顿派遣“中国女皇号”（Empress of China）驶往中国海岸，寻求与清朝通商。华盛顿希望看到这条悬挂美国国旗的船前往世界各地，与像中国这样的国家建立新的关系。这是美国人一贯的愿望——希望与新的国家建立新的、互利的伙伴关系。

在此后的两个世纪中，历史洪流使我们两国关系向许多不同的方向发展，但即使在动荡的岁月中，两国人民也抓住机会发展了深入的，甚至极不平凡的关系。例如，美国人民永远不会忘记，二战期间，美国飞行员在中国上空被击落后，中国公民冒着失去一切的危险护理他们。参加过二战的中国老兵仍然热情欢迎故地重游的美国老兵，他们曾经在那里作战，帮助中国从殖民统治下获得解放。

……

1979年，美中贸易额约为50亿美元，今天，年度贸易额已经超过4 000亿美元。贸易在许多方面影响着两国人民的生活，美国电脑中的许多元件以及我们所穿的衣服都是从中国进口的，我们向中国出口你们的工业需要的机器。这种贸易可以在太平洋两岸创造更多的就业机会，让我们的人民过上质量更高的生活。随着需求趋于平衡，双方的贸易能够让两国的经济更为繁荣。

1979年，美中之间的政治合作主要立足于双方共同面对的竞争对手苏联。如今我们享有积极的、建设性的、全面的关系，为我们在当今时代的关键性全球问题上建立伙伴关系打开了大门，这些问题包括：经济复苏和清洁能源开发、制止核武器扩散和气候变化的影响、在亚洲及全球各地促进和平与安全。所有这些问题都是我明天与胡主席会谈的内容。

1979年，我们两国人民的联系十分有限。今天，我们看到当年乒乓球队员的好奇心已经化为许多领域的纽带，中国留学生在美国的人数名列第二，而在美国学生中，学中文的人数增加了50％。我们两国有近200个友好城市，把我们的社区连接在一起。美中科学家合作开展新的研究与探索。当然，姚明只是我们两国人民共同热爱篮球的其中一个标志——遗憾的是，此行我不能观看上海大鲨鱼队的比赛。

我们两国之间的关系相伴着一个积极变化的时期，这不是偶然的。中国实现了亿万人民脱贫，这一成就史无前例，同时，中国在全球问题中也在发挥更大的作用。美国在促使冷战顺利结束的同时，也取得了经济发展，人民的生活水平得到提高。

……

所有这些都不曾轻而易举。但是，由于我们对这些核心原则的坚定信念，我们取得了进步，这些原则指引我们冲过了最黑暗的风暴。这就是为什么林肯能在南北战争中挺身而出并宣布，这是一场考验一个孕育于自由之中、“忠实于人人生而平等这一原则”的国家能否永存的斗争。这也就是为什么马丁·路德·金博士能够站立在林肯纪念堂的台阶上，要求我们的国家实践自身信仰的真正含义。这也就是为什么来自从中国到肯尼亚的各国移民能够在我国的土地上安家；为什么所有努力寻求机会的人都能获得机会；为什么像我这种在不到50年前在美国的某些地方连投票都遇到困难的人，现在能够出任这个国家的总统。

……

我们不但钦佩中国日益增长的经济，还赞赏你们在科学研究方面极不平凡的努力——从你们建设的基础设施到你们使用的技术，均体现出这种努力。中国现在是世界上最大的互联网使用国——这也是我们今天很高兴能把互联网作为此次活动的一部分的原因。这个国家目前拥有世界上最大的移动电话网络，它正在投资发展既能维持可持续增长，又能应对气候变化的新型能源——我期待着明天在这个至关重要的领域中深化两国的合作关系。然而，最重要的是，我在你们身上看到了中国的未来——年轻一代的聪明才智、献身精神和梦想将为塑造21世纪发挥巨大作用。

……

因此，我高兴地宣布，美国准备将在中国留学的美国学生人数大幅度增加到10万人。这种交流是对在我们两国人民之间建立联系的明确承诺，毫无疑问，你们将帮助决定21世纪的命运。我完全相信，对美·来说，再好的使者莫过于我们的年轻人。因为他们和你们一样，才华横溢，充满活力，对有待书写的历史篇章充满乐观。

那么，就让这个举措成为我们稳步寻求合作的下一个步骤，这种合作有利于我们两国乃至整个世界。如果能从今天的对话中得到一点启示的话，我希望那就是致力于今后继续进行这种对话。非常感谢诸位。现在我希望回答你们大家提出的一些问题。非常感谢。

第四部分　技巧练习

（一）听录音作笔记，并将其译成英语。

1.

China and Australia are highly complimentary economically,and our interests intertwined. During the 12th Five-Year Plan period,China will continue to pursue the win-win strategy of opening up and transform its growth pattern at a faster pace. This will inevitably create more areas for our cooperation and give it more potential to tap. As an Australian journalist rightly put it,apart from energy and resources,China and Australia can carry out joint research and industrial cooperation virtually in a dozen areas,such as financial services,ICT,bio-tech,logistics,health care,urban planning and management,automobile design,clean and renewable energies,sports,education,tourism and legal services. Given the broad space of cooperation,an FTA between China and Australia will boost our economic and technological cooperation to a new height. We look forward to working jointly with the Australian side to bring about substantive progress in the negotiation process.

2.

Over the past 32 years,since the establishment of diplomatic ties,the China-U.S. relationship has grown into one with strategic significance and global influence. Since President Obama took office,with concerted efforts of the two sides,our cooperation in various fields has produced fruitful results and our relations have achieved new progress. This has brought real benefits to our two peoples,and contributed greatly to world peace and development.

As we enter the second decade of the 21st century,the people of both China and the United States want to see further progress in our relations and people around the globe want to see greater prosperity in the world. Under the new circumstances,and in the face of new challenges,China and the United States share broad common interests and important common responsibilities. We should adopt a long-term perspective,seek common ground while resolving differences,and work together to achieve sustained,sound,and steady development of our relations. I hope that through this visit,our two countries will advance the positive,cooperative,and comprehensive relationship,and open a new chapter in our cooperation as partners.

3.

I am visiting the United States at the kind invitation of Secretary Hillary Clinton. The purpose of my visit is to lay the groundwork for President Hu Jintao’s upcoming state visit to the United States at the invitation of President Barack Obama and to exchange views with the US side on the current China-US relations and major regional and international issues of shared interest. During my stay in Washington,I had the high honor of meeting with President Obama and had extensive and productive talks with Secretary Clinton,National Security Adviser Donilon,Secretary Geithner and Secretary Locke. I also had a good exchange of views with people across a broad spectrum.

In two weeks’ time,President Hu Jintao will come to the United States. His visit coincides with the 40th anniversary of reopening the gate of exchanges between our two countries and the beginning of the second decade of the 21st century. This is an important arrangement made by the two sides with a view to building on the past success and advancing the bilateral ties in the new era. It is bound to have a significant and profound impact.

4.

Our cooperation as partners should be based on mutual respect. We live in an increasingly diverse and colorful world. China and the United States should respect each other’s choice of development path and each other’s core interests. We should deepen mutual understanding through communication,increase mutual trust through dialogue,and expand common ground through exchanges.

Our cooperation as partners should be based on mutual benefit. China’s future and destiny are increasingly tied to those of the world and China-U.S. relations have become closer. Our two countries should seek to learn from each other through exchanges and achieve win-win progress through cooperation. This is the right approach for us to develop our relations.

5.

Our cooperation as partners should be based on joint efforts to meet challenges. China and the United States should step up communication and coordination in international affairs,work together to counter the global challenges,and make a greater contribution to world peace and development. Our cooperation as partners should be based on the extensive involvement of the people. The Chinese and American people cherish deep friendship towards each other,and they fought side by side at defining moments in history when the future and the destiny of mankind were at stake. The two peoples should extend exchanges and enhance friendship. This will offer a inexhaustible driving force for the growth of our relations.

6.

In the last two years,the population of Internet users in China has grown rapidly. As the basic network facilities gradually improve,China increasingly expands the coverage of the Internet. By June 2010,China had registered a total of 440 million Internet users and the penetration of the Internet had risen to 33 percent. The broadband users in China had reached 363.81 million and 98.1 percent of the Internet users who surf the Internet on computers have access to broadband networks. The export of Internet bandwidth had reached nearly 1 000 gigabytes. About 115.08 million people in rural areas have access to the Internet,accounting for 27.4 percent of the total Internet users. The time people spent online continues to increase—each person spending 19.8 hours per week. What deserves to be mentioned is that 277 million people surf the Internet on mobile phones,which accounts for 65.9 percent of the total Internet users and 33 percent of the total mobile phone users,and 11.7 percent of them only get access to mobile Internet. People usually use mobile Internet to acquire information and communicate with others. Instant messaging service tops the usage of the mobile Internet,accounting for 61.5 percent,followed by mobile search,which accounts for 48.4 percent.

7.

China and the Korean Peninsula are connected by land and share a body of water in between. Our policy objectives vis-à-vis the Peninsula can be summed up in three words:peace,stability and nuclear-free. To this end,we have been urging both the North and the South to keep calm and exercise restraint,and to engage in dialogue. Facts have shown that pressure and force will not lead to a solution. Only dialogue and consultation will offer the way out. It is for this reason that we have been actively encouraging the parties concerned to explore a working solution through contacts and dialogue. We believe that the Six-Party Talks are the best platform and an effective framework to advance denuclearization and uphold stability on the Peninsula and achieve enduring peace and stability in Northeast Asia. We have called for emergency consultations of the heads of delegation to the Six-Party Talks as soon as possible. We call for the resumption of the Talks in due time on the basis of the emergency consultations. And we call on the parties concerned to follow through with the Joint Statement of 19 September 2005 in a comprehensive and balanced manner in order to keep the denuclearization process going.

8.

Singapore has now relaxed restrictions on citizens going to China to tour or/and visit relatives and friends. There follows a high tide of China tourism. Plenty of travel agencies put up big-size ads organizing tourist parties for China. Newspapers bring out specials recommending touring areas in China and scenic spots and places of historic interest. A rough estimate puts the number of such agencies,big and small,at as many as thirty.

A short time ago the United Morning Post came out with a special edition on tours in China—with plenty of pictures and captions describing and explaining such major touring areas,scenic spots and places of historical associations as the Great Wall not far from Beijing; the Rocks City,the Ming Mausoleum,the Purple Golden Mountain in Nanjing; the Half-Sloping Village in Xi’an; Mt. E’mei in Sichuan; Mt. Huangshan in Anhui; and other sights.

9.

China is trying to curb rising prices,particularly for foodstuffs,following a big expansion in the money supply to counteract the effects of the global financial crisis. Goldman Sachs forecasts that year-on-year consumer price inflation in China is likely to have risen to 5.3 per cent in January,up from 4.6 per cent in December.

The rate rise was widely expected and most economists expect at least one further increase in coming months,along with another rise in the amount of deposits China’s biggest lenders must hold on reserve with the central bank.

10.

Last month,the PBOC increased the reserve requirement ratio for China’s biggest banks to 19.5 per cent,its highest level and the eighth such rise since the start of 2010.

Longer-term deposit rates will rise by as much as 45 basis points ,reflecting government concern that negative real interest rates are exacerbating inflation.

Jun Ma,China chief economist for Deutsche Bank,said,“In this environment,depositors tend to take deposits out of the banking system and purchase properties,commodities,even consumer goods to hedge against inflation.”

Raising long-term rates will help lock up deposits in the banking system.

（二）听录音作笔记，并将其译成汉语。

1.

即时通讯、社区等平台已经成为近半数网民的首选入口。而对于传统以资讯传播为主的门户网站来说，在后门户时代，一个需要面临的情形是，对资讯的获取已经不再是网民上网的唯一需求，甚至已经不是最主要的需求。CNNIC最新的调查显示，网络娱乐、电子商务、社区交流等方面的用户增长数位居前列。

2.

奥巴马总统和胡锦涛主席要求两国建立积极、合作和全面的关系，过去16个月来我们共同努力，为双方的关系奠定了基础。去年，我们在华盛顿启动了战略与经济对话，为两国关系建立了主要的对话机制。今年，我们派出代表性更广泛和更深入的团队，前来中国讨论日益增多的议程。我们构建了合作的平台，确定了拥有共同利益的领域。

我们认识到，应对全球性的挑战取得有意义的进展需要经过多年的努力，并非指日可待。我们知道，这次会议本身为我们政府各级日常必须进行的持续合作奠定了基础。因此，为了实现共同的目标，我们既需要有紧迫性又需要有持久性。

3.

自从1991年开始以来，我们一直在和政府和各方面进行各种合作和加强友谊。这一年，我们双方开始进行了贸易合作，使我们双方的贸易越来越发展，大概占30％，使我们成为第八位。同时，我们双方在继续进行新闻方面的合作，同时，我们进行了备忘录的签署。还有，我们在南宁签署了一个协议，同时我们还是对话的伙伴与媒介，还有其他一些方面进一步的合作。实际上我上个星期才来过北京，与杨洁篪外长进行了会面，这也说明了我们双方合作关系的重要性，我们要继续进行合作和投资，还有社会、人力、旅游方面的合作。

4.

在欧洲方面，我们已采取了一些关键性的措施来克服这场金融危机。通过机构、政府和中央银行间的协调行动，欧盟已经迅速而坚决地做出了反应，注入了数量巨大的资金以期恢复公众的信心、保护储户存款、确保银行间信贷资金的流动性。欧盟已经在国际上率先行动，一方面呼吁加强国际合作，一方面通过自身行动向世界表明如何采取具体措施应对这场危机。

5.

这次论坛确定以“中国和新的亚洲世纪”为主题，充分表达了大家对中国和亚洲发展前景的关注，表达了大家对中国及亚洲的发展对全球经济增长所发挥的作用的关注。这也充分说明，在经济全球化趋势深入发展的条件下，中国及亚洲的发展正在成为世界经济发展新的推动力量，世界经济发展也将给中国及亚洲发展带来新的重要机遇。世界各国经济互利合作、相互依存的加深，必将给全球经济增长创造更加美好的前景。

6.

我重申一下自己的观点。中国在当前局势下所发挥的作用是关键性的。温家宝总理最近在天津召开的世界论坛上宣布，中国主要的责任是保持自身经济扎实、稳定的增长。我非常认同他的观点。1997年和1998年，我们曾经共同努力战胜了亚洲金融危机。现在，我们再次需要全球政府和中央银行共同作出努力。令人高兴的是，中国主动提议在明天举行的亚欧首脑会议上讨论应对金融危机这一议题。

7.

我们之间日益加深的相互依存并不局限于金融领域。今天我们面临的许多新挑战都是全球性的，因此需要全球做出共同应对。这其中包括了气候变化、能源安全、制止恐怖主义、贩卖毒品和有组织犯罪等。我们已经不能以关起门来独善其身的方式应对这些挑战。相反，我们必须伸出双手寻求合作，因为合作能够更有效地解决这些问题。世界正经历着一波最为广泛和深刻的全球化浪潮，这为我们提供了巨大的机会，但同时也带来了一些风险。全球化已经帮助数以亿计的人们摆脱了贫困，并且给企业提供了进行海外投资和扩张的机会。但那些企业也意识到不能够满足于已取得的成就。世界各地的工人们在为自己的工作担心。全球化使竞争加剧，并且使企业弱点和糟糕的商业决策得以暴露。

8.

中国已经明确了本世纪头20年的奋斗目标，这就是紧紧抓住重要战略机遇期，全面建设惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会，到2020年实现国内生产总值比2000年翻两番，达到40 000亿美元左右，人均国内生产总值达到3 000美元左右，使经济更加发展、民主更加健全、科教更加进步、文化更加繁荣、社会更加和谐、人民生活更加殷实。我们深知，中国在相当长时期内仍然是发展中国家，从中国有13亿人口的国情出发，实现这个奋斗目标是很不容易的，需要我们继续进行长期的艰苦奋斗。

9.

中国的发展同亚洲及世界的发展紧密相关。中国的发展已经并将继续为亚洲及世界各国带来合作共赢的机遇。截至2004年底，中国累计实际利用外商直接投资额达到5 621亿美元，批准外商投资企业50多万个，并形成了年进口5 600多亿美元的大市场。

10.

与此同时，世界也见证了中国的巨大发展。数以亿计的人口已经摆脱了贫困和落后的阴霾，今天的中国对未来充满了信心和自豪。欧盟自成立以来始终积极支持中国的改革和开放政策。我们开放了欧洲市场，我们的公司通过转让技术和投资促进了中国的经济振兴与就业。许多欧盟工商业正活跃在中国并发展良好。

第五部分　练习段落拓展

1. 早上好。非常高兴与大家共聚一堂。在这里举行的微软中国第一届专业开发人员大会，是微软公司的一个重要里程碑。我们与全球软件开发人员建立的伙伴关系不仅是促成Windows成功的关键，而且使PC技术提供的可能性成为现实。应用程序贯穿各个领域，公司将使用个人计算机作为信息时代的工具。

这一变革的速度之快，令人眼花缭乱。即使像我这样深入参与其中的人员，看到在一年基础上发生的如此巨大的进步预测一年后所发生的变化也是异想天开。当然，处理器性能的巨大提高是这一商务领域的一个推动因素。毫无疑问，芯片通过微处理器的进步所提供的强大功能允许我们考虑过去根本没有可能的应用程序。

PC行业是能够提供价格更低的设备并同时改进功能性的少数几个行业之一。存储系统提供1GB存储的标准功能。全球每年售出8 000多万台PC。在服务器市场中，令这些PC联网的性能更高的机器是发展最快的部分。这些服务器的性能不断提高，不仅是因为单一处理器速度更快，还因为我们使用多处理器机器，也就是被称为 SMP 设计并实现节点的集群化。……

优异的芯片、系统开发商以及资助这一活动的合作伙伴将使所有这些成为可能。这是开发人员的一次极好机会。今天编写的应用程序将在市场上销售更多数量的机器。我们正在做许多工作来增加好的开发人员的工作，确保他们理解PC的走向、目前工具如何为他们提供帮助以及可使他们赢得客户的越来越多的促销活动类型。这就是我们年复一年所增加的东西。

整个DNS信息的目的就是通过结合不同的体系结构、实现任务自动化以及允许以一种发展的方式完成这一工作，帮助开发人员抓住机会。我认为，这是一个开发人员的时代，感谢您的光临并希望有机会与您进行更多的合作。谢谢！

2. 第一家公司是Abengoa Solar，这家公司同意在美国建成世界上最大的太阳能发电厂。在目睹众多公司在海外建厂并创造就业之后，我们很高兴地看到我们吸引了一家公司来到我们这里建厂和创造就业岗位。短期来看，工厂建设将为亚利桑那带来近1 600个工作岗位。更重要的是，建设所需的70％以上的材料和产品将在美国生产。这将提振州内就业和社区经济，同时缩短供应链。该工厂一旦建成，将成为美国最大的太阳能发电厂，存储发电以备后续使用——甚至是晚上。而且它将提供足够的清洁再生能源供7万多家庭使用。

第二家公司是Abound Solar Manufacturing，该公司将在两座新工厂生产先进的太阳能面板，提供2 000多建筑岗位和1 500多个永久性工作岗位。位于科罗拉多的工厂已经开始建设了，印第安纳的工厂将建在克莱斯勒的空厂房内。完全运转起来后，这两家工厂每年将能生产数百万最先进的太阳能面板。

这只是《经济复苏法案》中众多清洁能源投资计划中的两个例子。我也已经看见这些投资取得收益；一些曾经关闭的工厂又有了新工人，开始忙碌着生产太阳能面板和风电涡轮机了，他们卷起袖子努力工作来帮助美国赢得清洁能源经济的竞赛。

3. Huawei and ZTE,the two Chinese telecommunications equipment vendors who have previously been embroiled in intellectual property litigation taken by European and American competitors,are escalating a patent and trademark dispute with one another to an unprecedented level. ZTE on Thursday said a temporary injunction issued by a German court would not stop its expansion in Europe,and took the unusual step of discussing in public the details of its dispute with Huawei. The Hamburg regional court issued a temporary injunction on May 2 saying ZTE was forbidden to offer,market or possess USB modems with a certain trademark and with a certain design. But ZTE said on Thursday that it had stopped using the trademark in question even before Huawei applied to register it in the European Union in 2009. ZTE said Huawei’s legal action was “beyond normal technology,marketing and legal litigation”. However,Huawei immediately shot back. “Contrary to the statement by ZTE today,ZTE has not ceased using the relevant trademark for its products.” “These products are still being sold by ZTE which is why the court issued this injunction,” Tim Watkins,vice-president of Huawei western Europe,told the FT. “The court would not have issued the injunction if these products were not commercially available.” According to a person familiar with the situation,Huawei has sent letters to European distributors who have USB modems made by ZTE which carry the trademark in question,demanding they stop sales.

4. Ladies and Gentlemen,

China is the world’s biggest developing country,and the EU is the largest developed economy. Given our multi-tiered economic complementarities and our comprehensive strategic partnership,we are bound to have a bright future in our business cooperation.

Stronger domestic demand in China will bring the EU companies more and better business opportunities. Europe has strong competitive edge in auto and aero industries,sophisticated machinery,high-end and luxury consumer goods,green technology,and energy conservation and environment technologies. Our growing domestic demand will help the EU increase relevant exports to China. There will be more investment opportunities as well. Volkswagen has recently announced plans to newly add 4.4 billion Euros of investment in China to upgrade its R＆D and production capacities. And this is just one of the many good examples of our cooperation.

China will continue to make active contribution to strong,sustainable and balanced growth of the world economy. Our GDP growth last year was to greatest extent driven by domestic demand. The share of trade surplus in the GDP dropped to 5.7％ from the peaking 11％ of 2007. Trade surplus in the first quarter this year dropped by nearly 80％ compared to last year’s same period,and we estimate our trade surplus this year to fall below 3％ of the GDP. But I have to admit,China acting alone is not enough to achieve this broader goal of strong,sustainable and balanced growth. What we are seeing now is that some developed countries are still placing restrictions on high technology exports to China,seriously jeopardizing the chances of balancing bilateral trade. I hope that all of you in this audience would join me in calling off these unreasonable limits to promote free trade. This is not only in the interest of the Chinese people,but also consistent with our shared objective to promote world exports,further consolidate recovery,and achieve mutual benefit and win-win progress.

All countries share a same destiny in this profoundly globalized world. It is impossible for any country to sustain its development and prosperity at the price of deprivation and dispossession of others. China cannot develop without Europe or without the rest of the world,and vice versa. We are willing to share with the EU and other countries the opportunities presented by our future domestic demand. It is my sincere hope that all of you will view our business ties from a strategic height and a long-term perspective,commit ourselves to the principles of open market,trade liberalization and facilitation,and oppose protectionism of all forms. Let us join hands to work for steady and orderly progress in our business cooperation,and make greater contribution to the recovery and more powerful growth of the world economy.

Thank you!