第九单元 数字口译（三）
第一部分 技能总述
本章介绍在口译中经常和数字一同出现，表示趋势的表达方法，以及倍数、分数的口译方法。
1. 和数字相关的趋势用语
1）表示增加、上升的词汇
rise,grow,increase,climb,go up,soar,jump,gain,surge,rocket,shoot up,spiral
其中spiral表示急剧增加，但常常用来消极或负面的意思。如：Incomes of this company continue to spiral downwards. 这家公司的收入仍然快速下降。surge,rocket,shoot up，jump,soar 都表示数量等突然而急剧的上升。
2.表示减少、下降的词汇
fall,decline,decrease,drop,retard,sink,come down,cut down
3.表示达到的词汇
be amount to,reach,add up to,number,run to,total,equal
4.修饰增加或减少程度的副词
由极强至极弱的程度变化：
dramatically→sharply→substantially→considerably→far→much→a little→slightly→somewhat→marginally
5.表示趋势变化时常搭配使用的介词
to 一般接增加或减少“到”
by 一般接增加或减少“了”
of,at 一般直接接数字
The company’s crew number rises to 150.
公司的员工人数增加到150。
The company’s income decreases by 3％.
公司的收入减少了3％。
The factory has a number of 29 new machines.
工厂有29台新机器。
The factory’s first season export remains at 50 000 dollars.
工厂第一季度出口仍保持在5万美元。
2. 关于倍数的译法
在口译中会常常出现一些表示倍数、分数的内容，这时候，中英数字不同的表达习惯又要对译员提出新的挑战。
汉语中我们常说说 A 是B 的 X 倍，英语对应的说法为，A is X times as ... as B. 比如：今年公司的收入是去年的两倍。英语为：The company’s income of this year is two times as much as that of last year. 当要表达 A比B大X倍意思的时候，则不能译为 A is X times as large as B，应该译为 A is X times bigger（或其他形容词比较级）than B 或者译为A is(X+1) times as much as B. 如：今年公司的收入比去年多两倍，实际表示的意思为今年公司的收入是去年的三倍。译成英语则为，The company’s income of this year is three (2+1) times as much as that of last year.
关于倍数的表达可以归纳如下：
1）名词+ n times + 名词（n为数字）
例如：This building is two times the height of that one.
这座楼是那座楼的两倍高。
2.名词+ n times + 形容词比较级+than+名词
例如：This bridge is three times longer than that one.
这座桥比那座桥长三倍。
3.名词+ n times + what 引导从句
例如：This city is now two times what it was 30 years ago.
这座城市是三十年前的两倍大。
表示两倍、三倍、四倍的数字可以分别用 twice/double,triple,quadruple来表示。
例如：Compared with the rice production in 1990,the production in 1995 doubled,the production in 2000 tripled and the production in 2008 quadrupled.
翻译：1995年的大米产量是1990年的两倍（比1990年翻一番），2000年的大米产量是1990年的三倍，2008年的大米产量是1990年的四倍（比1990年翻两番）。
表示五倍及以上倍数的数字可以用 five times,six times,seven times等来表示。
关于分数的译法
基本的分数表达如：1/5 one fifth,3/7 three sevenths 等在此不作过多表述。碰到“3 times less than”这类表达时，可以考虑将其译成分数。
其公式是：(n-1)/n
A is n times less than B. A比B小 (n-1)/n。
A is three times less than B. A比B小三分之二。
例如，The export income of this year is five times less than that of last year.
可译为：今年的出口收入比去年低了五分之四。（今年的进口收入是去年的五分之一）。
第二部分 技巧解析
今年的销售额飙升到230万美元，比去年翻了一番。这句可以翻译为：Compared with last year’s sale,this year’s doubled and soars to 2.3 million dollars. 这里飙升可以用soar，也可以用surge,jump，“到”用介词to来表示；比去年翻了一番，即是去年的两倍，可以用double (v.)，或者two times as.
再如：这个月公司的收入急剧增加，较去年同期增加了三倍，达到数百万美元。翻译为：Compared with this time last year,the company’s income dramatically increases by three times this month,amounting to millions of dollars. 这里急剧用作副词修饰“增加”，可以用 dramatically,sharply，或considerably来表示；“增加了”用 increase by来表示，增加还可以rise,grow,climb,go up,gain等来表示；“达到”用amount to,reach,add up to,number,run to等来表示；比去年同期增加了三倍，说明是去年同期的四倍，可以用increase by three times,或者four times 加从句：The company’s income is four times what it was last time this year,it increases dramatically,amounts to millions of dollars；“数百万”为笼统数字，用millions of 来表示，在口译时候，难免会遇到一些笼统的数字表述。这类数字的表达要熟记。如：
几个 some,a few,several,a number of,
十几个 more than a dozen,over a dozen,no more than twenty
几十个 dozens of
好几百个 hundreds of
成千上万 thousands of
几十万 hundreds of thousands of
数以百万 millions of
亿万 hundreds of millions of
几十年 decades of
八十好几 over eighty
译员要熟练掌握这些表示增加或减少的动词或动词短语，还包括修饰增加或减少的副词，以及表示增加或减少结果的“了”、“到”的介词以及笼统数字的表达方法。当这些结合在一起出现的时候，译员一定要熟练、正确地运用这些词语。这都需要通过不断的专项和综合的练习，来实现口译中对数字及其相关信息的正确表达。
第三部分 课文详解
词汇拓展
太阳能热水器 solar water heater
光伏发电 photovoltaic generation
金融危机 financial crisis
非化石能源 non-fossil energy
能效 energy efficiency
国际能源署 International Energy Agency
低耗能汽车 low energy consumption vehicle
节能住宅 energy saving house
环保家具 environment-friendly furniture
节约用水 economize on water
垃圾分类收集 collection of classified/ sorted garbage/rubbish
生态旅游 eco-tourism
目前，中国在太阳能热水器使用、太阳能光伏发电累计容量和水电装机容量方面均居世界第一。你们可能还不知道，十分之一的中国家庭用上了太阳能，在中国可以看到许多新住宅的屋顶上装上了太阳能板。我自己家的公寓也是使用太阳能供热的，据家里人说今年冬天的使用效果很好。中国人对清洁能源如此热衷，表明我们下决心追求更美好的未来。
我们都知道树能吸收二氧化碳，中国人民对植树十分热情，在联合国环境署倡议的“全球10亿棵树”活动中，中国人种了26亿棵树，也就是人均2棵，一个多么令人震惊的数字。
为应对国际金融危机，中国在新增4万亿元（约合4 000亿英镑）的经济刺激方案中，应对气候变化相关投资达15％。我想你们会认为这不是一个小的数额，特别是考虑到我们正处在金融危机当中。
经过努力，中国节能减排取得明显进展，有望如期完成2010年目标。仅提高能效一项，中国就有望在2006至2010年间减少二氧化碳排放15亿吨。这个数字与世界上其他任何国家的减排努力相比都毫不逊色。
在今年9月召开的联合国气候变化峰会上，胡锦涛主席宣布中国将进一步采取应对气候变化的措施。上周四，中国政府宣布了2020年行动目标，包括：
——单位GDP二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40-45％；
——非化石能源比重达到15％；
——森林面积比2005年增加4 000万公顷，这个面积相当于英国领土的1.5倍。
中国已经关闭了很多高耗能工厂，也就是说，容易做的已经做了。1990至2005年间，中国单位GDP能耗下降了47％，预计2005至2010年将再下降20％。进一步提高能效，将付出更高成本，作出更多牺牲。
国际能源署预测，如果中国实现了2020年目标，届时中国一年即可减排10亿吨二氧化碳。这将是一个巨大的成就，因为我们还是一个发展中国家，同时还面临着发展的巨大任务。
下面我将详细谈谈这个问题。虽然中国经济总量有望不久成为世界第二，但很多人经常忘记中国还是一个发展中国家这一事实。
中国人均GDP刚过3 000美元，分别是英国、美国的五分之一和二十分之一，在世界排名第104位，排在牙买加和纳米比亚之后。
解析
1. 十分之一的中国家庭用上了太阳能，翻译为：One in 10 families in China already use solar energy. 这里出现最基本的分数，十分之一的家庭，可以翻译为 one tenth of families,或者1 in 10 families；太阳能为solar energy.
2. 中国在新增4万亿元（约合4 000亿英镑）的经济刺激方案中，应对气候变化相关投资达15％。翻译为：In the latest stimulus package worth 400 billion pound,15％ was invested in addressing climate change. 这里新增为最新、最近之意，翻译为：the latest；4 000亿英镑中的4 000亿，为400 billion；刺激方案为stimulus package，方案解释为一揽子计划；应对气候变化，翻译为：address the climate change.
3. 中国就有望在2006至2010年间减少二氧化碳排放15亿吨。翻译为：That would mean a reduction in CO2 emissions of 1.5 billion tons in five years by 2010. 这里，中国有望，意译为 That would mean (China has...)；2006至2010年间也没有直译为between the year 2006 and 2010，而是用in five years by 2010来转译；二氧化碳排放翻译为CO2 emissions,CO2 读成carbon dioxide；减少，可以用名词来代替动词，可以用reduction,cut,drop,decline,decrease等来表示。
4. 在今年9月召开的联合国气候变化峰会上，胡锦涛主席宣布中国将进一步采取应对气候变化的措施。翻译为：At the UN Climate Change Summit last September,President Hu Jintao stated that China would take even further steps to counter climate change. 联合国气候变化峰会为专有名词为：UN Climate Change Summit；进一步采取……措施，是词组搭配，为：take further steps；其他关于气候的名词有：
碳减排 carbon emission reduction
京都议定书 Kyoto Protocol
污水处理 sewage treatment
可再生能源 renewable energy
可持续发展 sustainable development
自然保护区 nature reserve
5. 单位GDP二氧化碳排放下降40-45％，翻译为：bringing down CO2 per unit of GDP by 40-45％。单位GDP为 per unit of GDP；下降，可以用词组bring down sth. 来表示，介词用by.
6. 非化石能源比重达到15％，翻译为：increasing the ratio of non-fossil energy to 15％。比重为ratio；达到可用介词to 表示。
7. 森林面积比2005年增加4 000万公顷，这个面积相当于英国领土的1.5倍。翻译为：
expanding the forest coverage by 40 million hectares,which is equivalent one and a half the size of the United Kingdom. 这里增加用的是expand，还可以用enlarge,increase,raise等，后面跟的介词是by；相当于英国领土的1.5倍，1.5倍是one and half times，不要忘记size这个词，因为这里它指的是领土面积。
8. 1990至2005年间，中国单位GDP能耗下降了47％，预计2005至2010年将再下降20％。翻译为：Between 1990 and 2005,the per unit GDP energy consumption came down by 47％ and between 2005 and 2010 it will again come down by 20％. 能耗，即能源消耗，为energy consumption；这里下降用come down，或者 用fall,decline 等，介词用by.
9. 国际能源署预测，如果中国实现了2020年目标，届时中国一年即可减排10亿吨二氧化碳。翻译为：According to the International Energy Agency,if China fulfils its target for 2020,it will have reduced its emissions of CO2 by 1 billion tons. 届时……句式用将来完成时来表示；减排中的“减”，用动词reduce，或者lower,bring down,decrease，介词用by. 国际能源署为International Energy Agency，其他常见的国际组织：
国际货币基金组织 IMF (International Monetary Fund)
联合国教科文组织 UNESCO (United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization)
石油输出国组织（欧佩克） OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries)
亚太经济合作组织 APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)
联合国贸易与发展会议 UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)
10. 中国人均GDP刚过3 000美元，分别是英国、美国的五分之一、二十分之一，在世界排名第104位，排在牙买加和纳米比亚之后。翻译为：China’s per capita GDP has just passed 3 000 US dollars. UK and US are 15 to 20 times that of China. China is behind Jamaica and Namibia. 这里的分数1/15、1/20没有直译成relatively one fifteenth and one twentieth of UK and US，而是将英国、美国放在前面，将分数变成倍数来进行翻译，变成15 to 20 times that of China，这也是翻译中的一个数字转换技巧。
第四部分 技巧练习
（一）英汉练习
1. If you’d put your money into gold at the lows about 10 years ago,you’d have made a nearly 400％ return.
2. About 88 900 local people would have to make way for $3.68 billion Xiangjiaba project,to be built on the lower reaches of the Jianshajiang River,a main tributary of Yangtze River.
3. At the peak of the gold mania in 1979-1980,gold prices rose so far that the backing exceeded 100％.
4. The bank’s analysts say global equity markets will naturally go through a 10％ or 20％ correction over two or three months,following the 79.9％ rally over the last 13 months through to April.
5. For instance,from the April high to May 6 low,Japan is off 4.2％,the U.S. 7.6％,and Europe 9.5％.
6. The group cropped RMB 13.935 billion as its total sales volume,with RMB 890 million of profit and US$ 650 million of foreign currency earnings.
7. On average,they expect the economy to grow at a pace below 3％ through the second quarter of 2011,so slow that they anticipate the unemployment rate,now at 9.5％,will drop to only 8.6％ by the end of 2011.
8. After falling to $1 175 a troy ounce Tuesday,a 7％ drop from the June high,gold prices rebounded modestly through the rest of the week to close at $1 187.70.
9. After rebounding from recession in late 2001 and early 2002,the economy had a 12-month stretch in which it grew at a paltry 1.5％ annual rate,sparking fears of a double-dip recession.
10. And two thirds of the mothers among the 2 000 women in the survey said they wanted to keep working in some way after having children.
（二）汉英练习
1. 居民消费价格比上年上涨5.9％，其中食品价格上涨14.3％。固定资产投资价格上涨8.9％。
2. 七十个大中城市房屋销售价格上涨6.5％，其中新建住宅价格上涨7.1％，二手住宅价格上涨6.2％；房屋租赁价格上涨1.4％。
3. 2008年年末国家外汇储备19 460亿美元，比上年末增加4 178亿美元。年末人民币汇率为1美元兑6.834 6元人民币，比上年末升值6.9％。
4. 2008年全年水资源总量27 127亿立方米，比上年增加7.4％；人均水资源2 048立方米，增加6.9％。
5. 国土资源调查及地质勘查新发现大中型矿产地209处，其中，能源矿产地38处，金属矿产地90处，非金属矿产地79处，水气矿产地2处。
6. 近岸海域301个海水水质监测点中，达到国家一、二类海水水质标准的监测点占70.4％，比上年上升7.6个百分点。
7. 2008年年末城市污水处理厂日处理能力达8 295万立方米，比上年末增长16.1％；城市污水处理率达到65.3％，提高2.4个百分点。
8. 2008年年末全国总人口为132 802万人，比上年末增加673万人。全年出生人口1 608万人，出生率为12.14‰；死亡人口935万人，死亡率为7.06‰；自然增长率为5.08‰。出生人口性别比为120.56。
9. 2008年全年粮食产量52 850万吨，比上年增加2 690万吨，增产5.4％。其中，夏粮产量12 041万吨，增产2.6％。
10. 从今年六月到11月期间，以人民币结算的国际贸易额为510亿美元，是试点项目最初阶段结算量的7倍多。
第五部分 练习段落拓展
将下面四篇文章口译成目的语。
1. 过去一年，面对国际金融危机的严重冲击，中国政府果断决策、及时部署，实施了保持经济平稳较快发展的一揽子计划，在较短时间里实现了经济回升向好。国内需求在中国经济增长中发挥了主导作用。去年中国国内生产总值增长8.7％，其中内需扩大贡献了12.6个百分点，弥补了因外需萎缩而减少3.9个百分点的影响。在内需中，投资需求贡献了8个百分点，消费需求贡献了4.6个百分点，表现出经济自主增长的强劲动力。同时，中国经济增长是开放的。去年中国货物进口10 056亿美元，贸易顺差比上年减少了近1 000亿美元，是世界第二大进口国和全球最大的新兴市场。中国国内生产总值增量达到3 800亿美元，为世界经济复苏作出了积极贡献。为有效应对危机，我们大规模增加财政公共支出并实行结构性减税。2009年新增公共投资达7 200多亿元，加上减税5 000多亿元，相当于国内生产总值的约3.6％，既刺激了市场需求，促进了经济增长；又减轻了企业负担，增强了经济活力。中国的财政赤字则保持在不超过国内生产总值3％的合理范围以内。我们把民生工程作为公共投资的重点。在总额4万亿元的两年投资计划中，用于改善民生的投入占政府投入的50％以上，带动了居民消费。同时，大幅度增加社会保障投入，把基本医疗卫生制度作为公共产品向全社会提供，努力在13亿人口中推进“全民基本医保”。我们在促进增长中不放松调整结构，积极发展新能源、节能环保等战略性新兴产业，加快淘汰高耗能、高排放的落后产能，去年淘汰单机在10万千瓦以下的小火电机组达2 600万千瓦。中国应对国际金融危机取得的成效，是政府正确决策的结果，更是人民勤奋工作的结果。正是中国人民的坚韧不拔，尤其是广大劳动者的辛勤努力，推动了中国经济平稳较快发展。
我们将依靠技术创新和节能减排促进产业结构优化升级。随着世界经济结构调整和国内消费结构升级，中国产业结构优化升级势在必行。需要适应市场需求，以企业创新为主体，以技术进步为支撑，保护好知识产权，不断提高制造业产品质量和发展水平。同时，进一步加强农业基础，保障农产品供应；加快发展服务业，以吸收更多就业；继续淘汰落后产能，大力培育战略性新兴产业。1990至2005年，中国单位国内生产总值能耗已经下降46％。最近，中国政府又提出，到2020年二氧化碳排放强度比2005年进一步下降40-45％，可再生能源和核能等非化石能源占一次能源消费比重达到15％左右，这充分显示了中国自主节能减排、加大结构调整力度的决心。需要更加注重节能增效和生态环保，加快发展绿色经济、低碳经济、循环经济，积极应对气候变化，使经济增长建立在资源节约和环境友好的基础上。
Source:http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/chn/pds/ziliao/zyjh/t654952.htm
2. 2008年是极不平凡的一年。
国民经济继续保持平稳较快增长。国内生产总值超过30万亿元，比上年增长9％；物价总水平涨幅得到控制；财政收入6.13万亿元，增长19.5％；粮食连续五年增产，总产量10 570亿斤，创历史最高水平。
改革开放深入推进。财税、金融、价格、行政管理等重点领域和关键环节的改革取得新突破。进出口贸易总额2.56万亿美元，增长17.8％。实际利用外商直接投资924亿美元。
社会事业加快发展，人民生活进一步改善。城镇新增就业1 113万人；城镇居民人均可支配收入15 781元，农村居民人均纯收入4 761元，实际增长8.4％和8％。毫不放松地加强“三农”工作。全年中央财政用于“三农”的投入5 955亿元，比上年增加1637 亿元，增长37.9％，其中粮食直补、农资综合补贴、良种补贴、农机具购置补贴资金达1 030亿元，比上年增长一倍。三次较大幅度提高粮食最低收购价，提价幅度超过20％。实施主要农产品临时收储政策。加强耕地保护和农田水利建设，提高农业综合生产能力。扶持生猪、油料、奶业发展。这些政策措施在保护和调动农民积极性、保障重要农产品供给、增加农民收入方面发挥了重要作用，为稳定经济社会发展全局提供了有力支撑。
坚持不懈地推动节能减排和生态环境保护。中央财政安排423亿元资金，支持十大重点节能工程和环保设施等项目建设。全国新增城市污水日处理能力1 149万吨，新增燃煤脱硫机组容量9 712万千瓦。单位国内生产总值能耗比上年下降4.59％，化学需氧量、二氧化硫排放量分别减少4.42％和5.95％。
近三年累计，单位国内生产总值能耗下降10.08％，化学需氧量、二氧化硫排放量分别减少6.61％和8.95％。巩固退耕还林还草成果，推进天然林、青海三江源等生态保护和建设工程。实施重点流域、区域水污染防治规划。发布了《中国应对气候变化的政策与行动》白皮书。
医药卫生改革发展稳步推进。参加新型农村合作医疗的人口8.14亿，参合率91.5％。城镇居民基本医疗保险试点城市由上年的88个增加到317个，参保人数增加7 359万，总计达到1.17亿。城市社区卫生服务体系建设取得重大进展。农村计划生育家庭奖励扶助制度和少生快富工程实施范围继续扩大。
Source:http://www.cnbap.com/cpjm/info/1317/
3. Canada has observed China’s remarkable rise over the course of a longstanding relationship. In the mid-nineteenth century,Chinese laborers were integral to the most important nation-building exercise in Canadian history—the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway. And over the last hundred years some one million Chinese have immigrated to Canada.
Ladies and gentlemen,even in these few examples,we see there is much shared history between Canada and China,history that has helped to shape both our countries. So it is not surprising that as China has opened up our economic ties have become extensive and expanding. Since 2005 alone,two-way merchandise trade between our countries has grown steadily each year by an average of more than 14 per cent. During this period,Canadian exports to China have grown by more than 3 billion dollars. Our total two-way trade is now valued at over 53 billion dollars. China is Canada’s second largest merchandise trading partner and our third largest export market.
To help continue growing this relationship,our government has recently dedicated over a billion dollars into trade infrastructure on our Pacific coast. What we call the Asia-Pacific Gateway is an integrated system of ports,airports,road and rail connections that link Asia deep into the heart of the North American marketplace. In fact,the west coast ports in Vancouver and Prince Rupert are two and three days closer than their American competitors to key Asian ports like Shanghai.
Canada is also increasingly being seen by Chinese business leaders as a natural destination for investment. We are one of the best-positioned among the developed economies for a strong recovery. We have falling tax rates,a low debt-to-GDP ratio,one of the most welcoming environments for foreign investment in the world and the resources necessary to meet China’s ever-growing needs.
One area where Canada and China share mutually beneficial objectives is,of course,in the field of energy. Because there can be no mistake,to continue fueling its growth into the future China will need stable sources of power. And Canada is an emerging energy superpower,a major supplier of every type of energy,seventh in the world in crude oil producer—with the second largest proven reserves—third in natural gas production and the largest producer of uranium. Canada also has the resources and know-how necessary to adapt technology to a cleaner,greener,less carbon-intensive energy future.
Source:http://pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?id=3010
4. Q:I have two questions about Google. First,has the Chinese Government begun the talk with Google on the issue of internet censorship? Second,the US Government expressed their concerns over the hacking against Google which is possibly from China. Do you have any response to that?
A:As for hacking,like in other countries,it poses a severe threat to China’s information network. It’s fair to say that China is the biggest victim of hacking. In China,eight out of ten computers connected with internet are once hijacked by hackers. According to the statistics from the Chinese Internet Association,in 2008,the number of computers in the mainland suffered hacking from abroad grew by 148％ over the same period of the previous year. On July 17,2007,the website of National Satellite Meteorological Center affiliated with China Meteorological Administration was hacked. The latest example is,on January 12,2010,Baidu,a search engine which takes the largest market share in the mainland suffered the most serious hacking since its founding. That’s why the Chinese Government firmly opposes and prohibits hacking according to law.
Q:It is reported that recently Japanese Diet will discuss a new act on the Okinotori Reef. How do you comment on that?
A:It is clearly stipulated in paragraph 3 of Article 121 in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea that “Rocks which cannot sustain human habitation or economic life of their own shall have no exclusive economic zone or continental shelf”. The area of Okinotori Reef at high tide is less than 10 m2. Obviously,it is a rock of this kind and shall have no exclusive economic zone or continental shelf. The artificial facilities on it can not change its legal status. Japan’s attempt to claim over large sea areas based on the reef contravenes the international law and seriously undermines the overall interests of the international community. It is legally untenable.
Q:I have a follow-up question on Haiti. Are the Chinese rescuers still in Haiti or have they come back to China with the dead bodies of the eight Chinese victims? It is reported that the local people are concerned that the Chinese rescuers are only interested in rescuing the Chinese citizens. I want to know if the Chinese rescuers are still operating in Haiti.
A:The allegation that Chinese rescuers only rescue Chinese nationals is totally false and out
of ulterior motives. Immediately after the Haitian earthquake,Chinese rescue workers set off for Haiti and began the challenging relief operation. They have not only found the bodies of the eight Chinese victims,but also those of UN officials in Haiti and many others. Medical staff of the Chinese rescue team has set up medical posts in Haiti and have treated more than 200 local people. This number is still growing. The efforts of the Chinese team are well-received by the local people. Their acts are selfless and brook no accusation. If they are accused of going to Haiti out of ulterior motives,this accusation itself should be denounced.
Source:http://ly.china-embassy.org/eng/fyrth/t652723.htm
第六部分 段落实战与演练
Passage 1
词汇补充
China Brand Show 中国品牌展
Guangzhou Fair 广交会
trading partner 贸易伙伴
China-US Strategic ＆ Economic Dialog 中美战略与经济对话
trade protectionism 贸易保护主义
Today,we gather here to celebrate the grand opening of China Brand Show 2009 and the Press Conference of the 106th Session of the Guangzhou Fair. On behalf of the Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China (MOFCOM),I would like to extend a warm welcome to all the guests and friends present today.
Thanks to the great support of US friends from all corners of the society and the active participation of Chinese enterprises,China Brand Show has been successfully held for 6 consecutive sessions and has become an important window for showcasing Chinese export commodities to US consumers. This year’s show is co-sponsored by MOFCOM and the people’s governments of Guangdong and Zhejiang Provinces. Many premium products have been selected from across China,especially from Guangdong and Zhejiang,for this Show. I believe those products will be well received here in the US and North America. The Guangzhou Fair,with the 106th session coming up from October 15th to November 4th in Guangzhou,is China’s flagship international trade show with the longest history,the largest scale,the most complete offerings of commodities,the highest turnout of participants,and the most fruitful results. For this session,the sponsors are assembling more than 20 000 enterprises with 150 000 varieties of exhibits and are expected to attract approximately 200 000 overseas buyers. We cordially invite buyers from the US to source at the Guangzhou Fair,and look forward to the display of US products which meet the needs of the Chinese market. I am sure that US business people will gain new business opportunities at the Fair.
China and the US are each other’s second largest trading partner. We share wide-ranging common interests and great promises for cooperation. At this critical juncture when the world economy is bouncing back from crisis to recovery,China and the US have taken proactive measures,particularly availing the occasion of the just concluded first China-US Strategic ＆ Economic Dialog (S＆ED),to send another bracing message of taking joint actions for tiding over the difficulties. Such measures play a positive role in helping the two countries and the world economy out of the current economic downturn. In its response to the crisis,the Chinese government will consistently pursue the opening-up strategy of mutual benefits and win-win,maintain a level playing field,resist trade protectionism with actions,and join other countries in promoting global trade recovery and growth. A more open,dynamic Chinese economy will bring about tremendous development opportunities for the entire world including the US. China-US trade and commercial relations will surely prosper at a new starting point.
Source:http://zhongshan2.mofcom.gov.cn/column/print.shtml?/speeches/200908/20090806455720
Passage 2
词汇补充
extreme weather 极端气候
evaluation result 考核结果
clean development projects 清洁能源项目
beyond the reach 不可及
low-carbon 低碳
China is a huge country with a population of 1.3 billion. It has diverse climatic conditions and a fragile environment. The effect of climate change is a very real threat which we face everyday.
According to Chinese scientists,the average temperature in China has risen by 1.1 degrees centigrade in the last 5 decades. It is higher than the reported global average. We are seeing more frequent bouts of extreme weather in many parts of the country. Last spring,for example,the most severe drought in 50 years hit northern China affecting the livelihood of 4 million people.
Environmental damage and climate change is a reality for us. Out of the world’s most polluted 20 cities,half are in China. 70％ of Chinese rivers are polluted to some degree. China has become the largest carbon emitter of the world.
China set forward a voluntary reduction program for 2006 to 2010 period,including 20％ reduction in energy intensity per unit of GDP.
Last month,the evaluation result for 2008 was released on the web for all to access. Out of 31 provinces and regions,26 fulfilled emission reduction targets. One can’t underscore enough the importance of having such transparency as it places great pressure on those who are not meeting the target.
For example,we have achieved cutting down the average consumption of coal per unit of power by 20％,by demolishing the high-polluting and inefficient power plants. But it led to the loss of 400 000 jobs.
Low-carbon and energy conservation have become new growth sectors in China. Many British companies are actively involved in clean development projects in China. In the first 9 months of this year,clean energy contributed a third of China’s newly added power capacity.
Now,let me ask you all a question:In which year in history do you think Britain was at the same income level China now is at? According to British economist Angus Maddison,the answer is the year 1913.
In per capita GDP terms,China only ranks at 104th place in the world. It might be a surprise to some of you that China has 135 million people living under one dollar a day. Sometimes even the most basic things that we take for granted,like water,are beyond the reach of some Chinese people.
Now let’s come back to the point about China being the world’s biggest CO2 emitter. If you look at the figures in per capita terms,an average Chinese person’s emission is 4.6 tons. An average American emits 20 tons,in the yellow colour and Britain 10 tons in the blue colour. You can hardly call China energy greedy,can you?
Yet,according to an FT survey,63％ of Americans believe that China is not doing enough and that it should undertake more emission reduction. It feels like a person taking 4 pieces of bread asking the person who got the first piece of bread to go on diet.
Between 1750 and 2005,developed countries accounted for 80％ of the world’s CO2 emissions. Even today,with only 20％ of the world’s population,developed countries pump more than 55％ of the total emissions into the atmosphere. So when it comes to emissions,developed and developing countries can’t be compared like for like,not to be painted in the same brush.
Source:http://www.china.org.cn/learning_english/2010-01/22/content_19290924_4.htm
Passage 3
词汇补充
碳减少强度 carbon reduction intensity
贫困人口 people living in poverty
排放空间 space of emission
自主减排目标 voluntary reduction targets
人均累积排放 per capita cumulative emissions
气候变化问题是全人类面临的重大挑战。这一问题需要综合、全面、历史地看待，需要各国通力合作，携手应对。
有些发达国家认为中国最近宣布的碳强度指标“并未体现足够的雄心”，甚至要求中国提高这一指标，这不是一个客观、公正的评价。中国是发展中国家，还有1.5亿贫困人口。同时，中国能源结构以煤为主，控制温室气体排放面临巨大压力和特殊困难。对于中国这样的发展中国家，要发展，能源需求和相应排放就必然有合理增长。应对气候变化不能以牺牲发展、延续贫困和落后为代价。
有些发达国家大谈中国排放总量大，但却忘记了中国有13亿人口。2006年，中国13亿人排放了56亿吨二氧化碳，占全球排放总量的20％，而发达国家不到10亿人，却排放了约129亿吨，占全球排放总量的46％。基于发展和满足人民生活的基本需要，我们有必要维持一个合理的排放空间。总不可能要求中国在经济发展、能源消耗和相应排放方面只能享有发达国家百分之二十或三十的权利吧？
中国已宣布的行动目标力度与任何发达国家相比都不逊色。所有发达国家在1990年至2005年的15年中，单位GDP的二氧化碳排放强度只下降了26％，中国则下降了46％。中国的40-45％目标已是极限了。必须强调的是，中国的自主减排目标是不附加任何条件的，也不与任何国家的行动相挂钩，我们说到做到。
谈到气候变化的历史责任，我想引用一组数据：在1850年至2005年的155年间，全球共排放11 222亿吨二氧化碳，发达国家共排放了8 065亿吨，占全球总量的72％，欧盟占27.5％（人均累积排放：德国958吨，英国1 125吨，世界人均173吨，中国只有71吨）。2006年，发达国家以占全球六分之一的人口，仍然占据着近50％的排放。不顾历史责任和事实，空泛地谈国际合作，甚至只谈所谓共同责任是不能令世人信服的。
《京都议定书》规定发达国家应在1990年基础上，集体减排5.2％，但绝大多数发达国家不降反增。另一方面，发达国家还承诺向发展中国家提供资金和技术，但近20年来未见诸行动。
无论从历史责任、现实情况讲，还是从公约义务和能力看，发达国家都应毫无条件地在2012年后继续率先大幅减排，并有义务为发展中国家应对气候变化提供资金，转让技术。
Source:http://www.in-en.com/newenergy/html/newenergy-1428142867531177.html
Passage 4
词汇补充
自由贸易 free trade
人民币汇率 RMB exchange rate
高技术出口 high-tech export
英国蒲公英馆 the British Dandelion Pavilion
不久前，温家宝总理在两会的记者招待会上表示，“2009年是进入新世纪以来中国经济最为困难的一年，2010年将是中国经济最为复杂的一年”。我注意到许多英国媒体都引用了这句话。
温总理为什么这么说？2009年初，由于国际金融危机蔓延，中国经济深受影响，出口大幅下滑，一些行业产能过剩，部分企业经营困难，就业形势十分严峻。但针对困难形势，中国政府出手快、出拳重，通过采取一揽子措施，中国的经济率先企稳回升。2009年，中国GDP增长了8.7％，超过了8％的预期目标。
我们主张自由贸易，无意利用人民币汇率来维持贸易竞争优势。举一组数据：2009年，中国外贸出口下降了16％，但是进口只降低了11％，顺差减少了1 020亿美元。去年美国对外出口整体下降17％，但对中国出口仅下降0.23％。欧盟对华出口额甚至增长了4％，英国对华出口也增长了5.3％。今年前两个月，中国进口增长高达64％，比出口增速高出32个百分点，贸易顺差减少50.5％。总之，人民币将继续坚持以市场供求为基础、有管理的浮动汇率制度，中国将进一步推进人民币汇率形成机制的改革，保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。
中英贸易规模仍然较小，去年双边贸易额为391亿美元，只占中国对外贸易总量的1.7％，英国对外贸易总量的4％不到。这主要是由于语言、信息、人才等障碍，两国广大中、小企业相互了解不够，尚未实现完全对接；两国缺少标志性的合作大项目；英方企业在对华高技术出口方面仍受一些限制等。
我认为发展中英经贸合作的关键是抓住重大机遇，找到利益契合点，瞄准合作突破口，寻求新的增长点。
要抓住上海世博会的机遇。上海世博会现在已有190多个国家、50多个国际组织报名参加，世博会期间将举行188场国家馆日、39个国际组织的荣誉日活动，将吸引7 000万中国和世界各地的参观者。英国的蒲公英馆将成为世博会的亮点之一。中英双方应在世博会方面加强沟通和协调，共同扩大经贸推介活动的效果，促进两国企业借助世博会平台共寻商机，共谋合作。
Source:http://www.chinese-embassy.org.uk/chn/dsxx/dashijianghua/
参考答案
第三部分 课文详解
China now ranks first in the world for solar heating and photovoltaic generation,as well as installed hydro power capacity. You may be surprised to know,1 in 10 families in China already use solar energy. That includes my family. Many new buildings in Chinese cities are equipped with solar energy. The fact that the Chinese people are so keen to adopt clean energy is an excellent indicator of our dedication to a better future.
We all know how trees can absorb CO2 from the atmosphere. Chinese people have really taken tree-planting to heart. It has even become fashionable for young couples to plant trees to mark their wedding. China has planted more trees than any other country in the world,with 2.6 billion trees planted. That is 2 trees per individual,an incredible number.
In the latest stimulus package worth 400 billion pound,15％ was invested in addressing climate change. I am sure you will agree that it is a huge amount by any standard,especially during the financial crisis.
Thanks to all these efforts,China is well on track to reach our targets set for 2010. That would mean a reduction in CO2 emissions of 1.5 billion tons in five years by 2010. This is an achievement that compares well with the efforts of other countries.
At the UN climate change summit last September,President Hu Jintao stated that China would take even further steps to counter climate change. To follow up,the Chinese government has announced its targets for 2020 based on 2005 levels.
They include:
—bringing down CO2 per unit of GDP by 40-45％,
—increasing the ratio of non-fossil energy to 15％,
—expanding forest coverage by 40 million hectares,that is bigger than one and half times the size of United Kingdom.
We have already closed down many of the old and high energy consuming factories,That is to say,the easier part is done. Between 1990 and 2005,the per unit GDP energy consumption came down by 47％ and between 2005 and 2010 it will again come down by 20％. The next will be raising the energy efficiency of the remaining plants. It’s going to cost more and involve more sacrifice to reduce further.
According to the International Energy Agency,if China fulfils its target for 2020,it will have reduced its emissions of CO2 by 1 billion tons. That will be a great achievement,given that we are a developing country and we have equally pressing survival priorities.
If you would allow me,I’d like to expand on this point; China may soon become the 2nd largest economy in the world. Yet it remains a developing country. This is something that many people often forget.
China’s per capita GDP has just passed 3 000 US dollars,which is 15 to 20 times less than that of the UK and the US. China is behind Jamaica and Namibia.
第四部分 技巧练习
（一）英译汉
1. 假如大约十年前你在低点投资黄金，现在就能获得近400％的回报。
2. 向家坝水电站将建在长江主要支流金沙江的下游，耗资为36.8亿美元。约88 900的当地群众将因这一电站的建设而搬迁。
3. 在1979至1980年的黄金疯狂上涨高潮时，金价涨幅非常之大，以致于上述比例超过了100％。
4. 银行分析师说，在截至四月份的过去13个月内，全球股市上涨了79.9％，未来两三个月，股市将会很自然地经历一次10％到20％幅度的调整。
5. 比如从四月份高点到5月6日的低点，日本股市向下调整了4.2％，美股下跌7.6％，欧洲股市下跌了9.5％。
6. 集团完成销售139.35亿元，利润8.99亿元，出口创汇6.5亿美元，综合实力列全国500强第49位。
7. 平均来看，他们预计2011年二季度末之前，经济将以不足3％的速度增长，增速非常缓慢，以致于他们预计2011年底前，失业率只会从现在的9.5％降至8.6％。
8. 上周二金价从6月高点下挫7％，跌至每盎司1 175美元，但上周余下时间温和反弹，周末收于1 187.70美元。
9. 在2001年底和2002年初从衰退中反弹之后，经济有长达12个月的时间年增幅只有可怜的1.5％，人们不禁担心会出现二次探底。
10. 在2 000名受访女性中，三分之二的人说她们希望在生孩子后还能继续工作。
（二）汉译英
1. The general level of consumer prices in China was up by 5.9 percent against the previous year. Of this,the prices for food went up by 14.3 percent and the investment prices in fixed assets were up by 8.9 percent.
2. The sales prices for housing in 70 large and medium-sized cities were up by 6.5 percent,of which new residential buildings went up by 7.1 percent,second hand housing grew by 6.2 percent,and the prices for rental and leasing were up by 1.4 percent.
3. By the end of 2008,China’s foreign exchange reserves reached 1 946.0 billion US dollars,an increase of 417.8 billion US dollars as compared with that at the end of the pervious year. At the end 2008,the exchange rate was RMB 6.834 6 to 1 US dollar,an appreciation by 6.9 percent against the end of 2007.
4. The total stock of water resources in 2008 was 2 712.7 billion cubic meters,a year-on-year increase of 7.4 percent,or 2 048 cubic meters in per capita terms,up by 6.9 percent.
5. National land surveys and geological explorations discovered a total of 209 new mineral deposits in large or medium size,including 38 energy mineral deposits,90 metallic mineral deposits,79 non-metallic mineral deposits and 2 aqueous and gaseous deposits.
6. Monitoring of oceanic water quality at 301 offshore monitoring stations indicated that oceanic water met the national quality standard Grade I and II in 70.4 percent of the stations,up by 7.6 percentage points from the previous year.
7. At the end of 2008,the daily treatment capacity of city sewage reached 82.95 million cubic meters,up 16.1 percent over that in 2007. City sewage treatment rate was 65.3 percent,up 2.4 percentage points.
8. At the end of 2008,the total number of Chinese population reached 1 328.02 million,an increase of 6.73 million against the end of 2007. The year 2008 saw 16.08 million births,a crude birth rate of 12.14 per thousand,and 9.35 million deaths,or a crude death rate of 7.06 per thousand. The natural growth rate was 5.08 per thousand. The sex ratio at birth was 120.56.
9. The total output of grain in 2008 was 528.50 million tons,an increase of 26.90 million tons or up by 5.4 percent over the previous year. Of this,the output of summer crops was 120.41 million tons,up by 2.6 percent.
10. The value of international trade denominated in RMB was $51 billion from June to November this year—more than seven times the value of such trade at the initial stage of the program.
第五部分 练习段落拓展
参考译文
1. In the past year,facing the severe impact of the international financial crisis,the Chinese government made the resolute decision and took timely measures to implement a package plan aimed at maintaining steady and fast growth,and our efforts resulted in quick economic rebound and recovery. Growing domestic demand has played a critical role in making it a reality. China’s GDP grew by 8.7％ in 2009,wherein growing domestic demand contributed 12.6 percentage points,making up for the loss of 3.9 percentage points caused by contraction of external demand. Investment and consumption respectively contributed 8 and 4.6 percentage points,showing a strong momentum of home-driven growth in the Chinese economy. Meanwhile,our economic growth is open in nature. China’s imports of goods totaled 1 005.6 billion US dollars last year and its trade surplus dropped by nearly 100 billion US dollars over 2008,making it the world’s second largest importer and the largest emerging market. With an increase of 380 billion US dollars in GDP,China’s contribution to world economic recovery is obvious.
To effectively cope with the crisis,we increased public spending by a large margin and carried out structural tax cuts. In 2009,over 720 billion yuan of additional public investment and tax cuts totaling 500 billion yuan added up to 3.6％ of the GDP. They stimulated market demand and spurred economic growth,while reducing burdens on enterprises and strengthening vitality of the economy. At the same time,fiscal deficit was kept within a reasonable range of less than 3％ of the GDP. The focus of public investment was to improve people’s wellbeing. In fact,under the two-year investment program totaling four trillion yuan,more than half of the government-funded projects were designed to improve people’s wellbeing,and they boosted consumer spending. Meanwhile,we significantly increased input in social security,promoted basic medical and health care system for the people as public goods,and advanced “basic medical insurance for all”. While promoting growth,we spared no efforts in readjusting the economic structure. We actively developed new industries of strategic importance,such as new energy,energy conservation and environmental protection,and accelerated the phasing out of outdated production facilities that are energy intensive and heavily polluting. Last year alone,we closed down a total of 26 million kilowatts of coal-fired power generator sets whose single unit capacity was less than 100 000 kilowatts. China’s achievements in tackling the crisis are attributable to the government’s proper decision-making. More importantly,they have been made possible by all hard working Chinese people. It is the diligence,fortitude and perseverance of the Chinese people,that has ensured China’s steady and fast economic growth.
We will rely on technological innovation,energy conservation and emissions reduction to promote industrial restructuring and upgrading. Adjustments of the world economy and upgrading of China’s domestic consumption structure require us to optimize and upgrade our industrial mix. We must adapt to market needs,encourage innovation of enterprises and be supported by technological progress. Efforts need also be made to protect intellectual property rights. These will improve the quality of manufactured products and raise the level of the manufacturing industry. At the same time,we will further strengthen the foundation of agricultural development and ensure supply of agricultural products. We will speed up development of the service industry in order to create more jobs. We will continue to phase out backward production capacities,foster new industries of strategic importance. Between 1990 and 2005,China’s energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 46％. Recently,the Chinese government announced the target of cutting CO2 emissions per unit of GDP by 40-45％ by 2020 from the 2005 level and increasing the share of non-fossil energies in primary energy consumption to around 15％,including renewable energies and nuclear energy. This clearly represents China’s commitment to voluntary energy conservation,emissions reduction and greater restructuring. We need to place more emphasis on saving energy,increasing efficiency and protecting the environment. We will speed up development of green economy,circular economy and low-carbon economy. We will actively tackle climate change and make sure that China’s economic growth is resource efficient and environment friendly.
2. The year 2008 was truly eventful.
The national economy continued to maintain steady and rapid growth. GDP topped 30 trillion yuan,an increase of 9％ over the previous year. Overall price rises were held in check. Government revenue was 6.13 trillion yuan,an increase of 19.5％. Grain output rose for the fifth consecutive year and totaled 1 057 billion tons,a record high.
Reform and opening up were further deepened. New breakthroughs were made in reforms in key areas and crucial links,such as the fiscal,taxation,financial and pricing systems and administration. Imports and exports totaled US$ 2.56 trillion,an increase of 17.8％. Paid-in foreign direct investment reached $92.4billion.
Development of social programs was accelerated,and the living standards of the people continued to rise. A total of 11.13million more urban residents entered the workforce. Urban per capita annual disposable income reached 15 781 yuan,an increase of 8.4％ in real terms,and rural per capita net income reached 4 761 yuan,up by 8％ in real terms.
We continued to strengthen our work related to agriculture,rural areas and farmers without any letup. Central government budgetary spending on agriculture,rural areas and farmers was 595.5 billion yuan for the whole year,a year-on-year increase of 163.7 billion yuan or 37.9％. This included 103 billion yuan,twice the figure for the previous year,in direct subsidies to grain producers,general subsidies for agricultural production supplies,and subsidies for superior crop varieties and the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools. We significantly raised minimum grain purchase prices three times,with the total increase exceeding 20％. We implemented a temporary policy for purchasing and stockpiling major agricultural products. We intensified the protection of arable land and the construction of agricultural water conservancy projects,and increased overall agricultural production capacity. We supported the production of hogs,oilseeds and dairy products. These policies and measures played an important role in maintaining and stimulating the enthusiasm of farmers,ensuring the supply of major farm products and increasing rural incomes,and provided strong support for maintaining overall stability in economic and social development.
We steadfastly promoted energy conservation,emissions reduction and ecological and environmental protection. The central government allocated 42.3 billion yuan to support development of ten key energy conservation projects and environmental protection facilities. The daily sewage treatment capacity rose by an additional 11.49 million tons in urban areas,and desulfurization equipment was installed in coal-fired power plants with a total capacity of 97.12 million kilowatts. Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 4.59％ from the previous year; chemical oxygen demand fell by 4.42％; and sulfur dioxide emissions fell by 5.95％.
For the past three years combined,total energy consumption per unit of GDP dropped by 10.08％; chemical oxygen demand dropped by 6.61％; and sulfur dioxide emissions dropped by 8.95％. We built on the achievements in returning farmland to forests and restoring livestock pastures to grasslands,and carried out ecological conservation projects such as protecting virgin forests and developing the Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve in Qinghai Province. We implemented the plan to prevent and control water pollution in major river valleys and regions and issued the white paper China’s Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change.
Steady progress was made in reform and development of the pharmaceutical and health care system. A total of 814 million people,accounting for 91.5％ of the rural population,now benefit from the new type of rural cooperative medical care system. The number of selected cities participating in trials of the basic medical insurance system for urban residents increased from 88 to 317,and the number of participating individuals increased by 73.59 million to 117 million. Significant progress was made in developing a system of community-based health services in urban areas. We continued to expand the coverage of the reward and assistance system for rural families complying with family planning regulations,and implemented the “lower birthrate equals faster prosperity” program in more places in the countryside.
3. 加拿大已注意到中国在一个长期关系的过程中，令人瞩目的崛起。在十九世纪中叶，中国劳工在加拿大历史上最重要的国家建设—加拿大太平洋铁路建设中，是不可或缺的。在过去的一百年里，大约有100万华人已移民加拿大。女士们，先生们，甚至在这几个例子中，我们就可以看到加中两国之间存在着许多共同的历史，这种历史有助于塑造我们两国。因此，毫不奇怪的是，当中国开放时，我们的经济关系已变得广泛和扩大。仅2005年以来，我们两国之间双向的商品贸易稳步增长，贸易额平均每年超过14％。在此期间，加拿大对中国的出口增长30多亿加元。我们的双向贸易现在的总价值超过530亿加元。中国是加拿大第二大商品贸易伙伴和我们的第三大出口市场。为了帮助这种关系继续发展，我国政府最近专门为我们太平洋沿岸的贸易基础设施投入了十亿多加元。我们所说的亚太门户是一个连接海港、空港、公路和铁路的综合系统，把亚洲与北美市场的腹地连接起来。事实上，温哥华和鲁珀特王子西海岸港口到上海等亚洲主要港口的航程，比其美国竞争对手缩短两、三天。加拿大也越来越被中国商界领袖看作是很自然的投资目的地。在发达的经济体中，我们是处于强有力的经济复苏最有利位置的经济体之一。我们有下降的税率、低负债占GDP比重、世界上最有利外国投资的环境之一和必要的资源，以满足中国不断增长的需求。加拿大和中国共享互利目标的一个领域，当然是能源领域。因为今后要继续拉动经济增长，中国将需要稳定的电力来源，这一点是不可能有错的。加拿大是一个新兴的能源超级大国，各种能源的主要提供国，原油生产排名世界第七—探明储量世界第二，天然气生产世界第三，并且是最大的铀生产国。加拿大还拥有必要的资源和专门知识，以便将技术应用于更清洁、更环保和碳密集度更低的能源未来。
4. 问：我有两个关于谷歌的问题。第一，中国政府是否与谷歌公司就解除对谷歌中国网站的网络审查展开对话？第二，美国政府对据称源自中国的对谷歌的黑客攻击表示关切，中方是否就此作出了回应？答：至于你提到的黑客攻击，与世界其他国家一样，中国的信息网络也面临着网络攻击破坏活动的严重威胁。可以说，中国是黑客攻击最大的受害者。据统计，我国每10台接入互联网的计算机中有8台曾受到黑客控制。据中国互联网协会统计，2008年，中国大陆受到来自境外的网络攻击数量同比增长了148％。2009年7月17日，中国气象局下属的国家卫星气象中心网站受到黑客攻击。最新的一个例子是在2010年1月12日，中国大陆市场占有率最高的搜索引擎百度受到创立以来最严重的黑客攻击。通过以上事实可以理解为何中国政府坚决反对并依法禁止黑客攻击。问：有报道称，近日日本国会将讨论有关冲之鸟礁的新法案，中方对此有何评论？答：《联合国海洋法公约》第121条第3款明确规定，不能维持人类居住或自身经济生活的岩礁，不应拥有专属经济区或大陆架。冲之鸟礁高潮时露出水面的面积不足10平方米，显然属于《公约》规定的岩礁，不应拥有专属经济区或大陆架。建造人工设施不能改变其法律地位。日方以冲之鸟礁为基点，主张大面积管辖海域，不符合国际法，也严重损害了国际社会的整体利益，在法律上明显站不住脚。
问：我想跟进一下关于海地的问题。请问中国救援队员现在是在海地，还是同八名遇难者遗体同机返回了中国？有报道称当地民众很担心中国救援队员只对营救中国公民感兴趣，我想知道中国救援人员是不是还在当地开展营救？
答：关于中国救援队只营救中方人员的说法是错误的，也是别有用心的。海地地震发生之后，中国救援人员第一时间赶赴救援现场，开展了艰苦的救援行动。他们不仅找到八名中国遇难人员的遗体，而且找到了联合国驻海地官员的遗体，以及很多其他人员的遗体。中国救援队医护人员在海地设立医疗点，为二百多名当地人员进行了医疗救治，这个数字还在增加。队员们的举动受到当地民众的热烈欢迎。他们的行动是无私的，是无可指责的。如果有人指责他们出于某种目的去海地，这种说法本身就应该受到指责。
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