视译技巧（一）

第十四单元　视译技巧（一）

第一部分　技能总述

视译，即视稿翻译，就是一面听者发言人的发言，一面看着稿子，同时跟着发言人的速度，口头翻译出稿件的内容。（秦亚青，何群：2009）视译的基本要求是翻译的速度与发言者的速度保持同步。视译的首要原则是译出语语序与译入语语序基本保持一致。

（一）依序顺译，即译入语和译出语在语序上尽量保持一致；需要注意的是，这里说的是“尽量”保持一致，这是为保证速度、完成任务必须遵守的一条基本原则；

（二）断句是保持译出语语序的关键，而断句的基本方法是划分类意群，一个句子中相对独立意义的词组或短语（句子可以被看作是由意群构成的）。与此同时，译员需要在一目可及的范围之内，调整语序，通过添加连接词，以便一个较完整的内容信息能够流畅地表达出来。

（三）视译中，译员可通过分割、附加、词类转换等手段实现“顺句驱动”。“顺句驱动”指的是译员要根据原文顺序，把句子切成若干个意群或概念单位，再通过各种手段，将译文自然地组织粘合起来（仲伟合：2001）。

以上是视译必须掌握的重要技巧。鉴于英汉两种语言在英汉句法和句子结构上的差异，作者把视译技巧分成两个单元，分别介绍不同类型的句型在视译中常用的翻译技巧，也对一些特别实用的句型进行了讲解。

第二部分　技巧解析

这部分着重通过例句对被动语态、同位语从句、定语从句和长句的视译给予相应的技巧，并作进一步的解释和说明。

例句1　Our policy is supported by the people in the country.

视译时若遇到被动语态该如何翻译？本句是一个简单的被动句，关键词“is supported”，按照英文的字面意思是“被支持”，这样翻译虽然能表达句子的含义，但不符合汉语的表达习惯。而由by引导的施事方出现在动词后面，这时可以将by引导的施事方另起一句，重复一遍动词，使句子通顺，同时又遵循顺译的原则。即这个句子可以译为：“我们的政策得到支持，全国人民都支持。”

例句2　We want to test our theory that how people spend their money is at least as important as how much money they earn.

视译时，若遇到同位语从句该如何翻译？本句中的that同位语从句说明的是theory这个名词。按照前面讲的，视译时只需在theory和that之间加上连接成分即可。这句话可以译成：“我们想要测试的理论就是人们花钱的方式意义等同于他们赚钱的多少。”这里，我们加入词语“就是”，以使同位语从句与其被修饰的名词之间的意思更加明确。在翻译这类句子的时候，如果能够恰当灵活地使用连接成分，视译质量就会提高，译出来的句子也会顺畅妥贴。

例句3　Employers who devote more of their bonus to school spending experience greater happiness.

视译时若遇到定语从句该如何翻译？本句是一个定语从句，这句话可以翻译成：“雇主把他们大部分的奖金花在教育上，这样他们会感到更加幸福。”定语从句也是一个句子，也可另起一句翻译，译后汉语不显得繁冗啰嗦，符合汉语“意合”的特点是视译中最常用、最通用的翻译定语从句的技巧。

例句4　The poor are the first to experience technological progress as accurse which destroys the old muscles power jobs that previous generations used as a means to fight their way out of poverty.

视译时若遇到长句该如何翻译？本句是一个复合长句，且包含两个定语从句以及许多修饰成分，即便是这样的句子仍可依序译出。当然，我们首先要断句，也就是要找出视译时需要断的地方，如下The poor are the first/to experience technological progress as accurse//which destroys the old muscles power jobs//that previous generations used as a means//to fight their way out of poverty.，然后依序译出：“穷人是首先体验技术革新的人，技术革新摧毁了旧时的体力劳动机会，而先前几代人都是靠体力劳动来摆脱贫穷的。”总之，对于长句的视译，我们要按照视译的要求，采用视译的技巧，按照视译单位进行顺序翻译是可行的，效果极佳。

第三部分　课文详解

词汇拓展

resplendent　光辉的，华丽的

nurture　鼓励，培养

in view of　鉴于，考虑到

noticeable　显而易见的，显著的

accelerate　加快，促进，增加

ecological construction　生态结构

reap　获得，收获

tangible　有形的，切实的

implementation　实施，履行

collaborate with　合作

intensify　加强

intellectual property　知识产权

critical　关键的，重要的

declare　声明，声称

moderately　适度地，有节制地

请在五分钟之内浏览下面文章，了解大意。可先参考所给的词汇和解析，然后结合上文提到的技巧和要点进行视译。

Developing Western China and Realizing Common Development through Opening-up-Address at the Opening Ceremony of the International Expo

By Mme. Wu Yi,Vice Premier of the State Council

25 May 2006,Chengdu

Dear guests,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Good morning! It gives me great pleasure to come to Chengdu,the capital of Sichuan,to participate in the 7th Western China International Economy ＆ Trade Fair. On behalf of the State Council,I would like to congratulate on the opening of the Fair and to greet our guests and friends both home and abroad with a heartfelt welcome.

Western China is one of the cradles of the Chinese people,and has nurtured resplendent Chinese civilization over a history of 5 000 years. Western China accounts for over half of the total land area of China,and is endowed with rich mineral resources,which can be translated into huge market opportunities,and enables the region with considerable advantages and great development potential in various areas including energy,agriculture,tourism,and science and technology.

The Western China International Economy ＆ Trade Fair is a grand international trade and economic gathering that incorporates commodity display and sales,and business exchanges and investment attraction in the western region. Since 2000,the Fair has been held successfully in Sichuan Province for six consecutive years. Accumulatively,nearly 20 000 visitors from over 50 countries and regions participated in the Fair,contributing to more than RMB 30 billion worth of deals reached on the spot. The Fair has become an important platform in the western region of China on which people discuss and explore the implementation of the West Development Strategy,and develop international trade and bring forward economic cooperation. It has also become an important window through which Western China presents to the outside world the profundity of its historical and cultural legacy,the fruits of its opening-up and reform as well as the bright prospect of its future development.

I hope to see one better Western China International Economy ＆ Trade Fair after another,to see more and more friends from home and abroad coming to China’s west,coming to understand the west and coming to like the west,and to see more and more products and enterprises from the western region coming out of the west,coming out of China and going into the outside world.

Now I would like to declare the 7th Western China International Economy ＆ Trade Fair open!

Source:http://wss2.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/translatorsgarden/famousspeech/

200803/20080305438238.html

解析

1. It gives me great pleasure to,致辞时，这个固定短语经常出现，可以译为：“很高兴”；

2. On behalf of the State Council,I would like to congratulate on，在发言致辞中，此短语也频繁出现，可以译为：“我代表……，向……表示祝贺”。

3. Western China accounts for over half of the total land area of China,and is endowed with rich mineral resources,which can be translated into huge market opportunities,此句中的is endowed with 和which can be translated into 均为被动语态，且which can be translated into是定语从句包含的被动语态，这里并不需要将被动语态翻译成“被”字句，根据语义翻译即可。另外，which的含义也可省略不翻，顺句意思连贯即可。此句可译为：“西部地区拥有我国一半以上的国土面积，蕴藏着丰富的矿产资源，具有巨大的市场空间”。

4. The encouraging news is that the general public of Western China has obtained tangible benefits,此句是that引导的同位语从句，根据上文提到的技巧解析，遇到同位语从句应将that译为“是”字句，即“令人振奋的是，西部地区的人民群众得到了实实在在的好处”。

5. Accumulatively,nearly 20 000 visitors from over 50 countries and regions participated in the Fair,contributing to more than RMB 30 billion worth of deals reached on the spot. 此句中contributing to more than RMB 30 billion worth of deals reached on the spot的contributing现在分词作结果状语，为使语句通顺，“contributing to”可不必翻译出所指意义，直接交代结果，建议此句话译为：“现场成交额累计三百多亿元”。

6. The furthering of the West Development Strategy will lead to sustained,rapid,sound and harmonious economic development in the west,which will in turn provide our friends,both home and abroad,with more business opportunities and wider room for cooperation. 这是一个长句，长句中还含有which引导的定语从句，可按照顺句驱动的原则进行视译，即“随着西部大开发战略的深入推进，西部地区经济一定会持续快速健康协调发展，来自海内外的朋友们也一定能在这里获得更多的商机和更加广泛的合作空间。”

7. It has also become an important window through which Western China presents to the outside world the profundity of its historical and cultural legacy,the fruits of its opening-up and reform as well as the bright prospect of its future development. 此句话是一个主语从句，真正的主语是后面的从句，且这句话又较长。因此，视译时可先翻译it所在的主句，再翻译后面真正的主句。此句建议译为：“博览会已成为一个重要窗口。通过这个窗口，中国西部地区可以向世界展示中国滋补历史文化底蕴、改革开放的成果和美好的发展前景。”；

8. Moreover,special attention should be given to... 此句话虽为被动语态并未提及主语，这样的句子按照汉语的习惯，应译为主动语态，必要时还应提出施事方。此句可译为：

“（人们）还要特别注意……”。

第四部分　技巧练习

下面所给的句子含有本单元所讲的被动语态、同位语从句、定语从句和长句四种句式，可根据每种句式的视译技巧进行视译，以达到熟悉和掌握技巧的目的。

一、将下列含有被动语态的句子进行视译。

1. More than 14 000 adults were surveyed.

2. The whole country was armed in a few days.

3. The famous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire.

4. Our foreign policy is supported by the people all over the world.

5. We are committed to doing so.

6. Cashmere is known as the “soft gold” and “fiber diamond’.

7. The export control regime should be reformed and adapted to the new situation.

8. More bright spots were noted in China’s economic performance and the trend of a turnaround became more manifest.

9. The world economy has been put to severe tests and challenges since the global financial crisis of last year.

10. And I was struck,as many visitors are,by the transformation that had taken place.

二、将下列含有同位语从句的句子进行视译。

1. Everybody understands that the possibility always exists that the world champion may be defeated by an unknown athlete.

2. We have to agree with his conclusion that the price of oil products will continue to rise at least for another decade.

3. The fact that movable-type printing was invented by the Chinese is often forgotten.

4. All the people there had some doubt whether they were able to complete the work on schedule.

5. They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.

6. Where did you get the idea that I could not come?

7. Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.

8. We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.

9. It is a question how he did it.

10. The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.

三、将下列含有定语从句的句子进行视译。

1. Thousands of red,beautiful roses that blossom almost at the same time make the park the great resort of people in spring.

2. Congress made public a survey of human rights in 105 countries that receive US aid.

3. My brother-in-law’s laugh,which was very infectious,broke the silence.

4. That those who had learnt from us now excelled us was a real challenge.

5. Thanks to the concerted efforts by the international community in strengthening cooperation and formulating vigorous responses to the crisis,positive momentums are now building up in the world economy,which is now embarking on a gradual and winding path of recovery.

6. In 2007,the US introduced new discriminatory export control regulations on China by adding to the control list 47 items including some low-end fiber materials,numerical controlled machine tools and electronic devices which were previously exportable to China without a license.

7. China has noted that the value of shipments on which the license to export to China was denied by the US authority was only a fraction of total China-US trade,but the actual trade ramifications caused by each rejection went far beyond the monetary value.

8. It carries the theme of “building brands and leading fashion”,which fully shows the brand-building awareness of the cashmere industry as a whole.

9. But I realize that for every success story,there are other stories,of men and women who wake up with the anguish of not knowing where their next paycheck will come from; who send out resumes week after week and hear nothing in response.

10. This means that panels for larger-size flat-screen TV sets,which carry higher margins,are automatically excluded.

四、将以下长句进行视译。

1. At the opening banquet,Nixon seemed to have paraphrased his host’s position by saying:”There are of course some who believe that the mere act of saying a statement of principles or a diplomatic conference will bring lasted peace. This is native.

2. A great number of graduate students were driven into the intellectual slum when in the United States the intellectual poor became the classic poor,the poor under the rather romantic guise of the Beat Generation,a real phenomenon in the late 1950s.

3. Captured documents which we have obtained from individuals who had been infiltrated through this corridor plus prison-of-war reports that we have obtained in recent months led us to believe that the volume of infiltration has expanded substantially.

4. In recent years,Inner Mongolia seized the opportunity of China’s intensive efforts to develop its vast Western region,and produced a series of well-known brands,such as Erdos,Kingdeer,Yili,Mengniu,and Little Sheep.

5. Inner Mongolia is among the regions that first capitalized on the brand effect,and well-known brands have already played a significant role in attracting investment and talents,and creating employment opportunities for the local economy.

6. During his stay,Jiang also attended the International Investment Environment and Project Recommendation Symposium,and met with representatives of foreign ambassadors,industries,and international purchase managers that attended the fair.

7. This is both a culmination,and a beginning. A culmination of actions was taken by our predecessors 30 years ago,when the United States and China established formal diplomatic relations,and Deng Xiaoping launched China’s economic reform and opening to the world.

8. Zhong said that given the traditional friendship,the friendly cooperation between the two countries in the fields of politics,trade,economy and culture was in constant development since the establishment of China-Oman diplomatic ties.

9. The Oman party totally agreed with Zhong’s suggestions and stated that Oman would strive to develop their export of non-petroleum products,enhance the communication among enterprises of the two countries,and welcome Chinese enterprises to actively participate in the construction of infrastructure,such as energy,harbor and railway.

10. Western China has an important place in China’s strategy of balanced regional economic development,in addition to being a key pivot point for promoting steady and rapid economic growth and for expanding domestic demand.

第五部分　练习段落拓展

每个语段最好限定在三分钟之内阅读，了解大意，然后巩固并结合所学的要点及技巧进行视译。视译时要保持正常语速，译文要顺畅达意。

1. The “overlay” vision,as organizers move into a new phase of the preparations with the “500 days to go” mark coming up next month,is strawberries and cream,picnics in the park,street parties and long,lazy summer evenings outdoors.

Source:http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/language_tips/news/2011-02/23/content_12066005.htm

2. For in the decades ahead,great countries will be defined less by their power to dominate or divide than by their capacity to solve problems. It is this reality—and the fact that no country can solve today’s challenges alone—that demands a new global architecture for progress.

Source:http://blog.hjenglish.com/xuhuafei/articles/1582840.html

3. 奥巴马总统说，他希望20国财长会议达成的目标是确保在全球范围内通过协调行动来刺激经济，同时在金融监管方面取得进展，以防危机再度发生。

Source:http://en.v.wenguo.com/html/en/200903/47638.shtml###

4. 还有在议定书这个方面我们还有若干个问题，我想主要是由于美国方面对我们还不够信任，也就是说在我们加入了WTO方面还要跟我们协商一个歧视性的条款。其实中国既然签了协定，准备作这种让步，这当然是准备执行这个协议，那何必再写上这个歧视性的条款呢？

Source:1998年4月9日，中华人民共和国国务院总理朱镕基访美期间

在美国七个团体欢迎晚宴上的演讲

第六部分　段落实战与演练

每篇文章最好限定在15分钟之内进行阅读，了解大意。可两人一组，互相监控对视译技巧的掌握情况、视译质量和现场表现，或以边视译边录音的形式进行个人练习。视译时要保持正常语速，译文要顺畅达意。

Passage 1

词汇补充

Economic and Trade Cooperation Symposium经贸合作座谈会

rapid economic growth　经济发展迅速

low-cost labor force　劳动力成本低

中白两国企业家举行经贸合作座谈会

二十余家中国大型企业负责人和十余家白俄罗斯知名企业代表23日下午在中国驻白俄罗斯大使馆举行座谈会，探讨进一步加强两国间经贸合作问题。

白俄罗斯工商会主席罗曼诺夫在座谈会上说，白俄罗斯地理位置优越，政治社会环境稳定，经济发展迅速，劳动力成本低。白方为外国投资者提供税收等方面的优惠政策，并且制定了相关法律法规保障投资者的利益。

出席座谈会的中国驻白俄罗斯大使鲁桂成说，为促进中白经贸等领域务实合作，在中共中央政治局常委、国家副主席习近平访白前夕，中国商务部组织二十余家有影响、有实力的大型企业的五十余名负责人代表团访白，同白方伙伴深入探讨开展长期大项目合作。企业家代表团访白将推动中白经济、贸易、技术、投资等领域合作。

Source:http://english.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/subject/cv/updates/201003/20100306840686.html

Passage 2

词汇补充

Global Economic Coordination　全球性经济协调行动

budget process　预算程序

deterioration in the world economy　世界经济恶化

奥巴马呼吁各国协调行动刺激经济

美国总统奥巴马呼吁有关各国进一步通过协调行动来刺激经济。此外，奥巴马总统星期三还签署了一项法案，以维持美国政府在本财年剩余时间的运作。他同时呼吁改革预算程序。

美国总统奥巴马警告说，如果没有其他主要经济体的协调行动，美国单方面推行经济复苏计划将面临难题。

他说：“凭借我们推出的一系列政策，我们可以在国内做得相当不错。但是，如果世界经济持续恶化的话，我们将遭遇挫折。”

奥巴马是在白宫椭圆形办公室听取了美国财长盖特纳汇报工作之后说这番话的。本星期晚些时候，盖特纳将前往英国，参加20个发达国家和发展中国家举行的财政部长会议。

盖特纳说：“如果世界和我们协调行动的话，我们在美国采取的任何措施都会更加有效。众所周知，我们是世界上生产力最发达的经济体，我们的劳动大军生产效率居全球首位。但是，我们生产的源源不断的产品需要市场，这方面我们还有很多工作要做。但我认为我们会取得进步。”

Source:http://en.v.wenguo.com/html/en/200903/47638.shtml###

Passage 3

词汇补充

wring one’s hands　失望

hit a new record　创新高

Vale　淡水河谷（巴西的铁矿公司）

oil price　油价

soybean　大豆

platinum　白金

Depressive Economy,Better Future

Bankers and policymakers may be wringing their hands about the prospects for the world economy,but commodities traders,it seems,see no cause for concern. On Wednesday February 20th the oil price hit a new record of $101.32 a barrel. Soybeans and platinum,among others,have also reached record prices in the past week. Vale,a Brazilian mining firm,has persuaded some steelmakers to pay as much as 71％ more this year for its iron ore. Across the world the inflationary impact is tangible. In America consumer prices in January were up 4.3％ on a year-over-year basis. Excluding food and energy,they were up 2.5％,well above the Federal Reserve’s comfort level.

Despite a few years of rising raw-materials prices,many traders remain bullish in part because of further bad news about supply. A shortage of electricity in South Africa,which has forced several big smelters to shut down,has helped cause platinum’s giddy ascent. The political upheaval in Kenya has pushed tea prices higher. A leaking pipeline in Nigeria and a row between Exxon Mobil and Hugo Chavez,the president of Venezuela,have contributed to oil’s recent gains.

Mining and oil firms are struggling to increase output,partly because it takes years to develop new mines or oilfields,partly because shortages of equipment and labor are hampering expansion,and partly because governments in resource-rich countries are becoming ever more prone to jacking up royalties or expropriating resources. Citigroup,for example,expects global copper production to rise by just 2％ this year,even though the price is now five times higher than it was five years ago and stocks amount to less than three days’demand.

Most analysts expect demand for raw materials to remain firm despite the gloomy economic news. Although Goldman Sachs,for one,expects oil consumption to fall in America,it also predicts that continued growth in booming spots such as China and India will underpin global demand. The International Energy Agency,a watchdog group for consuming countries,still expects the world’s consumption of oil to rise 1.9％ this year.

Source:http://edu.sina.com.cn/en/2008-02-26/110041570.shtml

Passage 4

词汇补充

etiquette guide　待客指南

Britain’s national tourism agency　英国国家旅游局

2.12 Summer Olympics　2012年伦敦夏季奥运会

drink excessively　饮酒无节制

UK issues Olympics etiquette guide

Hold off from hugging an Indian,don’t be alarmed if the French are rude and never mistake a Canadian for an American.

Britain’s national tourism agency issued guidelines on the etiquette of dealing with the hundreds of thousands of foreign visitors who will be coming to London for the 2012 Summer Olympics. Seeking to help the country’s citizens offer a warmer welcome,Visit Britain has updated its advice for anyone likely to work with travelers arriving from overseas—from hotel staff to taxi drivers.

“Giving our foreign visitors a friendly welcome is absolutely vital to our economy,” said Sandie Dawe,chief executive officer of the agency. About 30 million people visit Britain each year,spending about 16.6 billion pounds ($26 billion). The 2012 Olympics is likely to bring in an additional 2.1 billion pounds ($3.3 billion) in tourism revenue,according to a government estimate. The frank etiquette tips were written by agency staff about their own native countries.

Polish tourists are likely to be hurt by stereotypes that imply they drink excessively,while the French are notoriously picky in restaurants,the guidelines claim. Belgians take offense at people snapping their fingers while Japanese people consider prolonged eye contact impolite and smile to express a range of emotions—not simply to show happiness. Indians don’t like being touched by strangers and travelers from the Middle East are likely to be demanding with staff,the guide warns.

Guests from China including Hong Kong may find winking or pointing with an index finger rude,the advice claims. Chinese visitors may be unimpressed by landmarks just a few hundred years old,tourism staffs are told. Workers are advised against discussing poverty,immigration,earthquakes or the Mexican-American war with visitors from Mexico. Canadian tourists are likely to be quite annoyed about being mistaken for Americans,the guide suggests—urging workers to keep an eye out for maple leaf pins or badges on tourists’clothing. And Americans? They can appear “informal to the point of being very direct or even rude” and won’t ever hesitate about complaining,the guide says.

Source:http://www.enmajor.com/cn/Html/News/english/3683790672.html

参考答案

第三部分　课文详解

以开放促开发　实现共同发展

——吴仪在第七届中国西部国际博览会开幕式上的致辞

各位来宾，

女士们，先生们：

上午好！很高兴来到四川成都，出席的七届中国西部国际博览会。我代表国务院向本届博览会的举办表示热烈祝贺，向到会的各位来宾和海内外朋友表示诚挚的欢迎！

中国西部地区是中华民族的发祥地之一，在五千年的历史长河中创造了璀璨的华夏文明。西部地区拥有我国一半以上的国土面积，蕴藏着丰富的矿产资源，具有巨大的市场空间，在能源、农业、旅游、科技等诸多方面，具有较大优势和发展潜力。

中国西部国际博览会是西部地区集西部地区商品展销、经贸交流、招商引资、理论研讨于一体的大型国际经贸盛会，自2000年以来已在四川省连续成功举办了六届，五十多个国家和地区的近两万名客商前来参会，现场成交额累计三百多亿元，博览会已成为中国西部地区研讨加快实施西部大开发战略、开展国际经贸交流合作的重要平台，成为展示中国滋补历史文化底蕴、改革开放成果和美好发展前景的重要窗口。

我期待着：中国西部国际博览会办的一届比一届更好，越来越多的海内外朋友通过博览会走进西部、认识西部、喜欢西部，越来越多的西部地区产品和企业更快更好地走出西部、走出中国、走向世界。

现在，我宣布第七届中国西部国际博览会开幕！

第四部分　技巧练习

一、将下列含有被动语态的句子进行视译。

1. 超过14 000名成年人接受了调查。

2. 全国都武装起来了，就在几天之内。

3. 这家著名的旅店几乎全部毁灭，是这场大火破坏的。

4. 我们的对外政策得到全世界人民的支持。

5. 我们会履行承诺，采取行动。

6. 羊绒素有“软黄金”、“纤维钻石”的美誉。

7. 应对出口控制体制进行改革以适应新的形势。

8. 中国经济运行中的积极因素不断增多，企稳向好的势头日趋明显。

9. 自去年发生国际金融危机以来，世界经济经受了严峻的挑战和考验。

10. 我像很多来访者一样，被今昔的变化所震撼。

二、将含有同位语从句的句子进行视译。

1. 每个人都明白，总是存在这种可能，这就是世界冠军会被打败，被无名运动员打败。

2. 我们不得不同意他的结论，即石油产品价格会持续攀升，至少在未来十年是这样。

3. 那里所有的人都怀疑，不知他们是否能够按时完成任务。

4. 活字印刷术是中国人发明的，这一事实往往被遗忘。

5. 对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。

6. 你在哪听说我不能来？

7. 德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。

8. 到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。

9. 那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。

10. 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。

三、将下列含有定语从句的句子进行视译。

1. 几千朵美丽的红玫瑰，差不多同时开放，使公园成为春季吸引游人的好地方。

2. 国会公布了105个国家的人权状况，这些国家都接受了美国的援助。

3. 我姐夫的笑声富有感染力，它打破了沉默。

4. 那些人曾向我们学习，但却超过了我们，这确实是个挑战。

5. 经过国际社会共同努力，加强合作，积极应对，当前世界经济形势出现一些积极变化，开始缓慢、曲折的复苏。

6. 美方于2007年出台了歧视性的对华出口管制新规定，增加了部分档次较低的纤维材料、数控机床和电子设备等47项原本对华出口不需许可证的物品。

7. 中方也注意到，美国每年拒批的对华出口许可证金额在中美贸易总额中所占的比重不大，但每一次拒批所造成的实际负面影响远远大于许可证金额本身。

8. 交易会以“打造品牌，引领时尚”为主题，充分显示了中国羊绒界对品牌建设的高度重视。

9. 当然，我已意识到伴随成功故事总会出现其他一些事例。一些承担了深度痛苦的人、那些不断投递出简历却日复一日始终没有回应的人们不知道他们的未来在哪里。

10. 这意味着利润更高的大尺寸平板电视自动出局。

四、将以下长句进行视译。

1. 在欢迎宴会上，尼克松似乎是在复述东道国的立场，因为它这样说，游人当然会认为，只要发表一个原则声明或是召开一次外交会议就会带来持久和平。这种想法是天真的。

2. 大批大学毕业生被赶进了知识分子贫民窟。当时在美国，贫穷知识分子变成了典型的穷人，身上还披着“垮掉的一代”的浪漫外衣，这就是20世纪50年代后期的真实现象。

3. 缴获的文件是从有些人身上得到的，他们透过这个走廊渗透进来，另外还有战俘的口供，都是近几个月得到的。这些使我们相信，渗透的规模扩大了许多。

4. 近年来，内蒙古抓住西部大开发的历史性机遇，经济社会快速发展，涌现了“鄂尔多斯”、“鹿王”、“伊利”、“蒙牛”、“小肥羊”等一系列知名品牌。

5. 内蒙古自治区是全国最早实施名牌带动战略的地区之一，品牌建设工作成就斐然，为提升自治区整体经济实力、吸引资金、聚集人才、解决就业发挥了促进作用。

6. 期间，姜还出席了民交会国际投资环境暨项目推介会，并会见了出席民交会的外国驻华使节、跨国采购商及部分参展企业代表。

7. 这一对话既是一个结果又是一个开端。作为结果，它源于我们的前任们30年前所采取的行动。那时，美中两国建立了正式外交关系，邓小平发起了中国的经济改革并实行对外开放。

8. 钟表示，中阿有着传统的友谊，建交以来双方在政治、经贸、文化等领域的友好合作不断发展，阿在国际事务中一直是中国的好朋友。

9. 阿方表示完全赞同钟副部长的建议，阿方将努力拓展非石油产品的出口，加强中阿企业协会间的联络，欢迎中国企业积极参与阿方的能源、港口、铁路等基础领域的建设。

10. 中国西部地区的建设与发展，是中国区域经济协调发展总体格局的重要组成部分，也是促进经济平稳较快增长和扩大内需的重要着力点。

第五部分　练习段落拓展

1. 伦敦奥运会的准备工作已步入新阶段，下月就将竖起“倒计时500天”标牌。而这幅奥运“全景图”展示的场景是美味的草莓和奶油、公园野餐、街头派对，以及漫长、慵懒的夏夜户外活动。

2. 因此，正如我所指出的，有人对我们是否能够缔造新的开端表示置疑。鉴于我们在全世界面临的种种挑战的艰巨程度——让我们面对事实，一个个坏消息每天从电视上传来——有时很容易以为，普通人的善意和勤奋不足以完成当前的任务。不过，对于那些仍然怀疑人民之间的合作关系能否重新塑造我们这个世界的人，请不妨看看今天与会的各位代表。

3. The president said his goals for the finance ministers’ meeting are to ensure that there is a “concerted effort around the globe to jump-start the economy,” and to move forward on regulatory reform,to prevent future crises.

4. In terms of protocol,we still have a number of problems. I think this is mainly because the United States still does not trust us fully. Even if China were to join the WTO,they would still want us to sign a special agreement with discriminatory practices. Actually China has already expressed a willingness to sign an agreement,so why would you need to add this extra clause of discriminatory practices?

参 考 文 献

秦亚青，何群. 英汉视译. 北京：外语教学与研究社，2009.

仲伟合. 英汉同声传译技巧与训练. 中国翻译，2001：（5）.