经济贸易类新闻

7.3　经济贸易类新闻

我国改革开放的不断深入以及综合国力的不断提高带来了更加繁荣的经济发展和更加活跃的贸易业务。此类新闻近年来在我国的新闻报道占据比较突出的位置，就具体主题和内容而言，有对某地区经济全局的综述，也有关于某行业经济发展的报道，有某一阶段的经济发展总结，也有对外贸易的阶段性概述。此类新闻稿件的翻译有较为明显的共性，已经形成一定的规律。标题翻译既有比较对应的直译，也有根据新闻主题重新改写之后再翻译，译文自然必须符合英语新闻的文体特点。导语翻译则倾向于根据英语新闻的特点对原文进行重组之后翻译。此类新闻稿件的最突出表现就是数字和百分比很多，翻译时如何处理颇有讲究。

就译文语言表达而言，此类新闻报道的翻译有如下一些特点:

1)表示经济保持良好发展势头，多用witness/see/maintain/keep momentum/fast/rapid growth这样的表达。

2)表示经济形势好转，可用pick up/gather momentum等词语。

3)表示经济繁荣/生意兴隆，可用动词boom或形容词booming。

4)表示激发/刺激/促进/推进经济或贸易发展，可用boost/fuel/stimulate/ excite/trigger等动词。

5)表示产值/总值/总量/总额取得/实现/创造了历史数字或者创纪录，习惯使用reach historic high/hit an all-time high/hit history/reach a record high/ report a record high/hit a historic high/hit new high等表达。

6)表示产值/总量/总值/总额/收入等实现了多少，习惯使用report/ record/post/hit/total等动词作为谓语，后接具体的数字。

7)表示增长幅度，多用increase/rise/raise/grow/jump/lift/soar等词后接by引导具体数字或百分比，也可用副词up后接by引导具体数字或百分比; increase/rise/grow/jump既可以是动词，也可以是名词。

8)表示减幅则使用decline/decrease/fall/dive/plummet和副词down，后接by引导具体数字或百分比;decline/decrease/fall/dive既可以是动词，也可以是名词;增幅/减幅也可以用比较级来表达;英语新闻发展的最新趋势是，在第6种和第7种情况下by也可以省略。

9)表示价格上涨，尤其是物价上涨，喜欢使用hike这个名词，而且经常以复数形式出现，如price hikes。表示物价上涨的动词性表达则可以说go up，下降就是go down。

10)表示与上一年度同期对比，即我国新闻报道喜欢使用的简称“同比”，常用的表达有副词性的year on year/on a yearly basis/on an annual basis;介词性的against/over/on/from the same/corresponding period of last year以及形容词性的year-on-year/annual/yearly。上述多重选择正好可以实现同一中文句式在译文中的多样化表达。

11)表示某单位或某地区的总值占一个行业或更大地区(市/省/全国)多少比重，常用account for×××percent of the total/contribute×××percent to the total等结构。

12)表示原因归咎于某一方面，习惯使用动词attribute．．．to或形容词attributable to．．．结构;也可以说增长/降低/发展/变化是be fueled/driven/ stimulated/boosted/triggered by某些因素。

13)数字和百分比可以取正数，因为新闻报道主要是传播信息，而非进行统计，必须十分精确。也可以最多保留小数点后第一位，第二位四舍五入，这是因为过多的数字和百分比不利于对外新闻报道的传播效果，如果小数点后保留位数太多则更加复杂，尤其是对电视受众而言。

14)百分比如正好是25%，50%或75%，既可以直接照译，也可以代之以quarter，half，three quarters。

15)总值/总量/总额位居某一地区(市/省/全国)第一，常用“top/rank first in某一地区”这样的结构。

16)若表示产值/总值/总额/总量高于/低于某一地区(市/省/全国)的平均水平，常用higher/lower than the city's/provincial/national average。

17)若表示在全国/全省领先，则表达为take the lead in the country(province)/lead the country(province)。

18)表示占据多少市场份额，习惯说account for/occupy×××(百分比) of the market;如表示占据很大市场份额，则使用lion's share这一英语习语。

19)季节、月份等词语出现在标题中时常用缩略形式，如第一季度缩略为Qtr.1，1～6月份为Jan.thru Jun．;1～6月份也可以说first half year。

20)在标题中经常出现的其他缩略词还有national=nat'l;international= int'l;government=govt./gov.等。

为了进一步说明问题，兹结合上述规律总结，举例说明:

1)服务业投资增速达21.4%。

译文:Investment in the service industry reported a rise of 21.4 percent．

2)南通港完成货物吞吐量3 006万吨，占年度计划的25.1%，比去年同期增长22.2%。

译文:Nantong Harbor saw 30 million tons of cargo handled，up 22.2% year on year and accounting for a quarter of the annual targets in 2007．

3)一季度，全省居民消费价格累计上涨2.2%，涨幅比去年同期增加0.7个百分点。

译文:During the first quarter，the provincial general price level recorded a growth rate of 2.2%，up 0.7 on a yearly basis．

4)今年以来服务业投资快速增长的主要动因是占服务业投资总量50.6%的房地产开发投资的快速增长。

译文:The rapid growth in service sector investment since January was mainly fueled by(was attributed to)the soaring development of real estate investment，which accounted for 50.6 percent of the industry's total．

5)上半年我省外贸进出口总值为1 581.1亿美元，比去年同期增长23.6%，居全国第二，出口增幅在东部沿海主要省份中居第1位。

译文:East China's Jiangsu Province reported over 158 billion US dollars of foreign trade in the first half of this year，up by 23.6%against last year．The export rise topped East China and its foreign trade ranked second nationwide．

6)1～6月份，江苏省进出口总值占全国进出口总值的16.1%。

译文:In the January through to June period(in the first half of the year)，Jiangsu's total foreign trade volume contributed 16.1%to the nation's total(accounted for 16.1%of the nation's total)．

7)在产业转移带动下，1～6月份，苏北地区实现增加值同比增长20%。

译文:Driven by industrial transfer，North Jiangsu registered a 20 percent year-on-year growth in its added value．

新闻翻译实例一

上半年我省出口增幅居东部沿海省份第一位

【口导】南京海关今天公布，上半年我省外贸进出口总值为1 581.1亿美元，比去年同期增长23.6%，居全国第二，出口增幅在东部沿海主要省份中居第1位。

【配音】1～6月份，江苏省进出口总值占全国进出口总值的16.1%，其中，出口908.5亿美元，同比增长28.5%，进口672.6亿美元，同比增长17.7%。分析人士认为，国际市场的旺盛需求和本地产品竞争力的增强是推动出口稳步增长的深层原因。而6月份我省出口冲到新高，达155.2亿美元，这和7月份实施的出口退税新政密不可分，不少企业创下单月收益新纪录。统计显示，政策涉及面较广的钢铁、纺织服装等出口增幅尤为显著，特别是钢材出口量，1～6月份达到503万吨，同比增长1.3倍，而另一方面，从一些外贸公司缩减固定资产投资、做产业结构调整前的准备，可以看出新政的潜在效应正在显现。

【同期】广发证券北京东路营业部总经理×××

拿外贸企业来讲，他们有一些资金希望在本行业之外寻求理财出路，比如说，关心有没有券商不定期资产理财计划。

【配音】据海关统计部门预测，在经历了必要的过渡期之后，新政对出口产品结构调整的效应将在2～3个月以后进一步凸现。

Jiangsu export rise tops East China Jan．thru．Jun．

East China's Jiangsu Province reported over 158 billion US dollars of foreign trade in the first half of this year，up by 23.6%against last year，according to latest statistics released by Nanjing Customs．The export rise topped East China and its foreign trade ranked second nationwide．

The province registered a total export volume of 90.85 billion US dollars and a total import volume of 67.26 US dollars，an increase of 28.5%and 17.7% respectively．The province's foreign trade contributed 16.1%to the nation's total，thanks to the robust global market and the improved competitive edge of the local products．In June，the province's export volume reached a record high of 15.52 billion US dollars．Quite a few enterprises throughout the province hit a historic high in their turnover，thanks to export tax rebates．According to statistics，the exports in the steel and textile sectors have risen substantially．The export volume of steel totaled 5.03 million tons in the first half year，up by 130%year on year．Furthermore，some foreign trade companies cut their fixed assets investment besides releasing policies on structural readjustment．The new policies are expected to exert a positive impact on the exports turnover in a short period of time．

新闻翻译实例二

我省深入落实加快苏北振兴的战略部署

【口导】今天，由省工商联、宿迁市委市政府共同主办的“支持苏北发展宿迁行”活动在宿迁举行，以此深入贯彻落实省委省政府加快苏北振兴的战略部署和省党代会提出“加快苏北振兴，重点帮助宿迁实现更大突破”的精神，推动民营企业产业转移，促进区域共同发展。

【配音】来自全省近百名知名民营企业家今天上午齐聚宿迁，在重点项目现场签约会上，有“苏皖金谷农资城财富中心”等15个项目进行了签约，总投资资金达到46亿元，这也是我省民营企业最大规模的集体活动。

【同期】省美容美发化妆品商会会长×××

(大意:作为民营企业要响应省委省政府加快苏北振兴的部署，做好项目合作……)

【配音】近年来，我省区域协调发展战略深入推进，苏南苏北挂钩项目进一步增加。截至目前，苏北五市共承接苏南500万元以上转移项目4 770个，总投资1 175亿元，实际引进域外资金485亿元，为加快振兴苏北起到了至关重要的作用。

Jiangsu steps up efforts to revitalize northern regions

East China's Jiangsu Province has stepped up its efforts to revitalize its northern regions which are economically underdeveloped compared to their counterparts in the south．Private economy is highlighted in the future to help boost the economical growth there．

More than 100 celebrated entrepreneurs from across the province gathered on Wednesday in Suqian，a city in North Jiangsu．In the key project promotion fair，15 projects were singed，registering a total investment of 4.6 billion yuan．This is the largest economic promotion campaign the province has launched so far．

In recent years，Jiangsu has given significant boost to regional cooperation by diverting more projects from the south to the north．The five cities in the economically booming southern regions have transferred to the northern regions 4，700 projects，each registering an individual investment of 5 million yuan．The combined investment amounts to 117.5 billion yuan．In the meantime，the northern regions have attracted a total investment of 48.5 billion yuan．These efforts have significantly revitalized the economic growth there．

新闻翻译实例三

2月份我省居民消费价格同比上涨7.7%低于全国平均水平

【口导】国家统计局江苏调查总队今天发布最新消息，2月份我省消费价格总水平同比上涨7.7%，比全国平均水平低了一个百分点。

【配音】受雪灾和春节双重因素影响，2月份我省CPI达到107.7，食品价格的大幅上涨仍是拉升CPI的主要动力。数据显示，2月份我省食品价格比去年同期上涨20.1%，肉禽及制品、油脂、鲜菜价格上涨较快。除食品外，我省其他七大类居民消费价格呈现“五升二降”，价格下跌的是交通和通信价格以及娱乐教育类价格。

分地区看，由于苏南地区遭受的雪灾影响远大于苏北，所以苏南的物价涨幅普遍高于苏北。苏南五市涨幅平均为8%，苏中为7.2%，苏北为6.4%。其中南京市为9.4%，居13个省辖市之首。

Jiangsu CPI rises on food price hikes

The Consumer Price Index or CPI of East China's Jiangsu Province registered a year-on-year rise of 7.7 percent in February，2008，according to the latest figures released on Tuesday．

Due to the severe snow disaster that ravaged the province and food price rise during the Spring Festival，Jiangsu's CPI，the main gauge of inflation，hit 107.7 in the previous month．It was one percentage lower than the national average in February，statistics show．

The 7.7 percent rise was mainly driven by the food price hikes across the province，an economic powerhouse of the nation．Food prices ballooned 20.1 percent in February from a year earlier．Pork prices，which had been blamed as the major factor driving up CPI figures throughout the later half of last year，soared in the past month．In addition，prices of cooking oil and fresh vegetables also saw a dramatic rise．

But prices in several other sectors reported a fall in February，including transportation，telecommunications，and entertainment and education．

In terms of the region，the price hikes in South Jiangsu were higher than those of the northern counterpart，where the snow was relatively mild．The average growth rate of CPI in five cities of South Jiangsu registered 8 percent，1.6 percentage points higher than that of North Jiangsu．Among the 13 cities，Nanjing，the capital city，reported a highest rise of 9.4 percent．