金融证券类新闻

7.4　金融证券类新闻

随着我国经济的蓬勃发展和投资渠道的日益宽泛，不但金融与百姓生活越来越密切，而且证券对普通老百姓来说也不再陌生。金融证券类新闻报道由于其贴近生活、关注热点而受到百姓的欢迎，因此在新闻报道中占据的比例较高。

在外宣新闻翻译中，此类稿件往往是比较难的，关键就在于金融证券领域有许多专门术语，而许多年来，我国的英语语言文学类专业学生依然以纯语言类的学习内容为主，即便少数开设复式专业的学生选修了金融类的课程，由于授课几乎只用中文进行，其使用金融证券方向专门用途外语的能力也相当有限。

要做好金融证券类新闻的英译，译者除了需具备一定的专业知识外，还应该对这类报道的语言运用规律和特征有所认识。具体来说，从事金融证券类新闻稿件的翻译，前提就是必须熟悉一些专门词语以及一些财经类报道的专门句式。英语金融证券报道属于一种专业性的新闻报道，因此，其语言运用的最大特征就是专业名词和专业术语多，而且许多常用词被赋予特殊的含义，例如: long(多头)，short(空头)，rally(价格回稳)，call(看涨)，put(看跌)等。如果不了解这些词的专业含义，就很难做好金融证券类新闻翻译。此类报道用词的另一个突出特点是形容经济数据及市场变动的词通俗、形象。例如，读者经常可以看到这样的市场收市情况描述:end high(高价收盘)/low(低价收盘)/ down(收市价格下跌)/steady(收市价格持稳)/firm(收市价位稳定)/soft(收市价位偏弱)/quite(交易不活跃)/mixed(价格走势不明朗)。由于金融证券类新闻通常反映的就是市场走势，因此涨跌也就成为最常见的报道内容，表示涨跌走势的用词就十分丰富，以下就是金融证券类新闻中常见的表示“上升”和“下降”的动词:

上升　　　　　　　　　 下降

rise　　　 上升　　　　fall　　　　　 下降

jump　　　 跳升　　　　drop　　　　　 下落

skyrocket　暴涨　　　　dump　　　　　　狂泻

surge　　　急涨　　　　plunge/plummet　猛跌

soar　　　 剧增　　　　retreat　　　　 回落

climb　　　攀升　　　　dive　　　　　　下跌

spurt　　　突升　　　　tumble　　　　　急落

advance　　上涨　　　　decline　　　　 下降

inch up　　缓升　　　　slip　　　　　　下滑

notch up　 升高　　　　shed　　　　　　跌落

fly　　　　飞升　　　　dip　　　　　　 下降

rebound　　反弹　　　　roll back　　　 回落

gain　　　 增长　　　　lose　　　　　　降低

以下为金融证券类新闻报道中的一些常用词语和表达:

1)熊市bear market

2)牛市bull market

3)基民fund investor/holder

4)上海证券交易所和深圳证券交易所Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges

5)某股票开盘价为46元shares open at 46 yuan

6)第一个交易日the first day of trade

7)完成A股首次公开发行complete its A-share initial public offering or IPO

8)上市公司listed company

9)A股市场A shares market

10)上证综指下挫至5 695.57点，跌幅达1.42%。the bench mark Shanghai Component Index dipping 1.42 percent to 5，695.57 points．

11)深成指上涨721.31点，报收于14 139.3点。The Shenzhen Component Index on the country's smaller Shenzhen Stock Exchange gained 5.38 percent，or 721.3 points，to 14，139.27 points．

12)上证综指最终报收于3 964.71点，上涨108.74点。The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index Tuesday closed up 108.74 points at 3，964.71 points．

13)今天上证综合指数报收于4 904.85点，较上周五上涨248.28点，涨幅达5.33%。The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index soared 248.28 points，or 5.33 percent，to close at 4，904.85 points．

14)沪深300指数报收于4 156.72点，跌幅为4.65%。The Hushen 300 Index closed at 4，156.72 points，up 4.65 percent from the previous close．

15)上证综指首次登上5 000点大关。China's main stock index surpassed the 5，000-point mark for the first time．

16)上证综指逼近5 000点大关。The Shanghai index moves closer towards the 5，000 mark．

17)开始在香港挂牌交易begin trading in Hong Kong

18)在纽约证券交易所挂牌/上市listed on the New York Stock Exchange

19)将上市公司摘牌delist

20)股市全面飘红share prices rose sharply

21)可流通股份negotiable share

22)可转换债券convertible bond

23)存款利率deposit interest rates

24)一年期存贷款基准利率均上调0.27个百分点raise the benchmark oneyear lending and deposit rates by 0.27 percentage points

25)下调利率interest rate cut

26)上调利率interest rate hike

27)人民币零售和理财业务RMB retail business and wealth management

28)人民币存款余额RMB deposit balances

29)人民币贷款余额RMB loan balances

30)供求两旺both demand and supply were at a high level

31)收紧“第二套房”贷款tighten rules on second house loan

32)紧缩信贷政策tighten lending policies

33)提高第二套房首付款比例raise the mortgage down payment for secondhome buyers

34)把第二套房首付款比例从30%提高到40%lift the mortgage down payment for second homes to 40 percent from 30 percent

35)中国银监会China Banking Regulatory Commission

36)中国证监会China Securities Regulatory Commission

37)存款准备金率上调至13%raise the reserve requirement ratio by half apercentage point to 13 percent for commercial banks

38)在第八次上调之后，存款准备金率已达到10年来最高点。After the eighth rise，the reserve requirement ratio has reached a ten-year high．

39)将贴现率下调50个基点至5.75%slashed the discount rate on loans to banks by 50 basis points to 5.75 percent

40)开办人民币业务conduct RMB services/deal in RMB services

41)银行网点banking outlet

42)金融机构banking institution

43)次贷危机sub-prime mortgage crisis

44)优惠贷款利率prime rate

45)同业拆借市场interbank market

46)个人可支配收入disposable/discretionary personal income

47)信贷额度credit line

48)利差interest margin

49)金融衍生产品financial derivatives

50)比经济人士预测的56亿美元逆差少。That was smaller than the!5.6 billion surplus economists had predicted．

51)3月份棉花期货收市下降0.46美分，报85.30美分。March Cotton closed 0.46 cent lower at 85.30 cent．

52)德国央行将利率下调3.5个百分点，为七年来最低水平。The Bundesbank cut its discount rate 3.5%，the lowest level in seven years．

53)美国申请失业救济金的工人人数一个多月来上升到历史最高点。The number of workers in the United States applying for state unemployment benefits rose to the record high level in more than a month．

54)与去年同期477.1亿法郎相比，出口顺差为725.4亿法郎。Export surplus was 72.54 billion francs，compared with 47.71 billion francs in the same period a year earlier．

55)东京市场12月份国债期货合约今天收盘报117-13/32，而昨天收盘报117-11/32。The December T-bond futures ended today at 117-13/32 in Tokyo market against its previous closing of 117-11/32．

从上述词语和句式来看，金融证券类新闻稿件的翻译确实不易。要求译者除了有过硬的双语能力外还必须有较为丰富的知识面，尤其是要熟悉金融证券类新闻报道语言风格和文体特点。一个行之有效的办法是经常阅读我国《中国日报》等主流外语媒体的相关报道，同时可以登录美国的相关新闻网站，多了解并熟悉有关词语和句式，从而确保译文尽可能地道。另外，在开始编译之前，可以登录我国主流外语媒体网站，寻找与需要翻译的新闻报道主题相同或相近的英语新闻报道，从中搜寻可以借用的词语和句式，同时也可以了解相关背景，适当时候进行添加。整个新闻翻译则需要按照编译原则进行，过分直译，又不懂专业词汇，译文必定显得不伦不类。为了更好地帮助读者了解情况，特在这一小节增加我国主流外语媒体证券新闻报道和金融新闻报道各一篇。

主流外语媒体证券新闻报道实例一

Index overcomes monetary tightening;hits one-month high

Contrary to most predictions，the weekend monetary tightening decisions cast little impact on the Chinese A-share market and pushed the index dramatically upward to a one-month high，symbolizing a major recovery of investor confidence after the month-long correction．

The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index continued Friday's bullish trend with a high open at 4，091.24．Led by strong performances of blue-chips like Sinopec and Baosteel，the index advanced past important markers at 4，100 and 4，200 points successively before closing at 4，213.36，3.81 percent higher than last Friday's close．

The Shenzhen Component Index，tracking the smaller Shenzhen Exchange，performed even better with a 5.38 percent gain and closed at 14，139.27．

Transaction value expanded greatly for both markets．The bourse of Shanghai claimed 154.33 billion yuan worth of share trading，while the market of Shenzhen traded 76.46 billion yuan within the day．Both topped the month's record and sent an encouraging sign of more participation．

Performances of individual share performed even more strongly．Of all the shares listed in the two markets，more than 100 stocks sealed at their maximum rising cap．Only ten went lower in both markets．Stocks of banks and property sector continued their rally．Other sectors ranging from steel to paper-making and communication also revealed their attraction．Baosteel，China's leading steel maker，staged a maximum daily gain and closed at 12.07 yuan．Paper manufacturer Huatai，communication giant China Unicom also performed well today．

However，shares of insurers like China Life and Ping'an Insurance made the loser list，probably due to worries that profit margins may not exceed the rising interest rates．

主流外语媒体金融新闻报道实例二

China raising reserve-requirement ratio for commercial banks

China's central bank on Saturday ordered lenders to set aside more money as reserve，the fifth such move this year．It was the latest effort to enhance liquidity management in the banking sector．

The reserve-requirement ratio would be raised by 0.5 percentage points on June 15，and another 0.5 percentage points on June 25，the People's Bank of China(PBOC)said on its website．

This will bring the ratio to a record high of 17.5 percent．

The PBOC also said that corporate financial institutions in the worst quake-hit areas including Chengdu and Mianyang，would postpone carrying out the regulation．But it didn't say how long the delayed period would be．

“The rise，a further materialization of the tight monetary policy，is aimed at strengthening liquidity management in the banking system，”the statement said．

“The government adopted differential monetary policies to support reconstruction in the quake-hit areas，”said Peng Xingyun，a senior expert with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences(CASS)．

Zhou Xiaochuan，the central bank governor said earlier that the PBOC was to take flexible monetary policy to aid after-quake reconstruction．

The 8.0-magnitude earthquake centered on Sichuan's Wenchuan County has so far caused 206.53 billion yuan of economic losses to the industrial and mining enterprises in the quake regions．

The PBOC had raised the ratio four times previously this year．The latest was on May 12 when it lifted the ratio to a new high of 16.5 percent．

Yin Jianfeng，director of the Institute of Finance and Banking with the CASS，said the move would help the country reduce inflationary pressure and to control excessive investment．

“But the move will not be as effective as the government expected because inflation nationwide mainly resulted from surging production material and food prices，”he said．“A simple monetary policy will not help．”

The consumer price index(CPI)，the main inflation gauge，was up 8.5 percent in April from a year earlier．This was nearly equal to February's 8.7-percent rise，the most since May 1996．

Some market experts said that after-quake restoration and reconstruction would beef up fixed assets investment，and add more inflation pressure to the nation's sizzling economy．

Soaring demand for cement，steel，copper，zinc，and aluminium were expected to push up the prices of basic building materials，according to the experts．

Zuo Xiaolei，Galaxy Securities'chief economist，said huge foreign exchange reserves and economy unrest in neighbouring countries had posed great pressure to China's economy．This had forced the government to adjust its economic policy before it could reach a balance．

“A great deal of hot money swarmed into China's capital market，and the PBOC aims to hedging excessive monetary liquidity，”said Wu Xiaoqiu，head of the Financial and Securities Research Institute of the China Renmin University．

Wu said the government was likely to carry out more monetary policies to curb inflation and liquidity in the near future．

China adopted the tight monetary policy late last year to prevent the economy from overheating．It was also to guard against a shift from structural price rises to evident inflation．The country adhered to the policy despite a global slowdown hit by the international credit crunch．

The country's economic growth slowed in the first quarter but still reported double-digit growth．It expanded 10.6 percent，compared with 11.7 percent in the same period a year ago．

新闻报道翻译实例一

中石油A股首日上市指标股纷纷走低

【口导】中国石油，在海外资本市场上市7年后，今天在上海证券交易所挂牌上市，圆满完成回归A股之旅。开盘价即高达48.6元，报收43.96元，成为A股第一大市值股票，并且超过埃克森美孚，总市值居全球之冠。(详细)与此同时，中石油也成为全球市值最高的企业。

【配音】中国石油的回归将使A股市场金融股“一枝独秀”的现象得到改善。现在，中石油以占上证指数近1/4的权重，取代工行而成为A股市场的第一权重股。按每股35元计算，中国石油每一个涨停或跌停对上证综指的影响将高达120点。今天的大盘就由于中石油上市，累及指标股纷纷走低，两市股指跳空低开，虽盘中有所反弹并补缺，但反弹力度仍嫌不足，最后以5 634.45点收盘。

专家认为，从短期来看，中国石油对市场的影响将会慢慢淡化，未来对大盘的影响更多的则是体现在指数期货上。

中国石油在上市之前，机构普遍预测价格区间在28元到44元之间，但是今天一开盘中国石油就站在了48.6元的高位，专家认为，市场估值明显偏高。

【同期】南京证券研究员××

我认为，中石油今天那么高的定价之后，估计会有一个继续下探获得支撑的过程。以目前的价格空间来看，定价在35元左右，是比较合适的。

PetroChina's A shares starts trading

Shares in PetroCh Company Limited，China's largest oil and gas producer，opened on Monday at 48.6 yuan on their first day of trade in the mainland A share market．

The company has completed its A-share initial public offering or IPO，raising the amount of its outstanding shares to 183 billion，including 21 billion H shares and 162 billion A shares．

The price made PetroChina the world's largest listed company by market capitalization．The previous biggest，Exxon Mobil，was valued at US!487.7 billion，according to last Friday's share price．

PetroChina's returning to the mainland's capital market will lower the financial companies'high status in the mainland A shares market．On top of that，the mainland offering will give domestic investors opportunities to share the outcome of PetroChina's fast growth and help expand the company's business in the mainland．

The share price dropped to 43.65 yuan at the end of morning session with the benchmark Shanghai Component Index dipping 1.42 percent to 5，695.57 points as the offerings of the oil giant have incurred concerns of strained funds and wobbles in the stock market．

Many institutional investors said the opening price had reached their upper expectation value．

By A-share listing，the company wanted to increase the crude oil production to match its refining capacity，according to insiders．

PetroChina raised 66.8 billion yuan in Shanghai by selling 4 billion A shares，or 2.18 percent of its expanded share capital，in the world's biggest initial public offer so far this year．

Apart from the 4 billion A shares issued in the public offering，PetroChina's parent，China National Petroleum Corporation or CNPC holds the rest of the 158 billion A shares，86.29 percent of the total．

The company is the first of the country's three petrochemical giants including Sinopec and the China National Offshore Oil Corporation to get listed on overseas stock market．

PetroChina began trading in Hong Kong and its American Depository Receipts were listed on the New York Stock Exchange in 2000．Its Hong Kong share price was 19.60 HK dollars last Friday．

新闻报道翻译实例二

外资银行今起“抢滩”引发各方关注

【口导】在上周首批拿到本地注册的法人营业执照后，渣打银行南京分行、苏州分行，汇丰银行苏州分行等外资银行的网点今天正式开业。虽然尚未开始受理境内居民的存贷款业务，但其抢滩中国市场之势已引发各方关注。

【同期】中国银行业监督管理委员会江苏监管局非现场监管二处处长丁灿

最大的竞争应该是人民币的零售业务，公司业务总的来说国家银行已经经营了很长的时间，同质化的产品也比较多，大家在这个市场上总的来说相对比较成熟。理财业务是中外资竞争的一个焦点。

【配音】业内人士认为，外资银行的理财产品相对比较成熟，理财产品将成为未来三到五年内中外资竞相争取的市场。中资银行则信心十足地认为，由于网点规模的限制，外资银行刚进入之时必然从高端客户做起，无法充分考虑百姓等低端客户的理财需要。

据了解，目前江苏共有10家外资银行，省银监局表示，一旦渣打银行和汇丰银行在江苏的分行提出经营人民币业务的申请，将在10个工作日内办结，开通人民币存贷款等业务。其余在江苏的8家外资银行可以自愿申请这一业务，目前已有恒生、东亚、瑞穗、三菱东京、星展这五家外资银行提出申请。

Foreign banks poised to grab market share in China

Locally incorporated entities of two foreign banks，HSBC and Standard Chartered Bank，started operations on Monday in East China's Jiangsu Province after their incorporation was approved by China Banking Regulatory Commission or CBRC earlier in March．

Outlets of the above two overseas banks in Jiangsu's Nanjing and Suzhou cities commenced operations from Monday，tapping into local people's household savings and demands for mortgages，credit cards and other services．However，they still have to wait before offering local currency deposit and loan services to individual Chinese customers as the check-up of their outlets by the regulator，CBRC，has not finished yet．

CBRC approved the locally incorporated entities of Citigroup Inc．，HSBC Holdings PLC's Hong Kong＆Shanghai Banking Corp．，Standard Chartered PLC，and Bank of East Asia Ltd．on March 20．The go-ahead enabled the foreign lenders to offer full RMB services to their Chinese clients，including individual Chinese customers．

According to experts，RMB retail business and wealth management are expected to be a major battle field between the Chinese lenders and the new comers in the following 5 years．Faced with foreign banks who serve better money management products，domestic banks are confident in their superiority of outlet quantity．

The four banks boast more than 100 outlets in the Chinese mainland，including 35 for HSBC，23 for Standard Chartered，16 for Citigroup and 32 for Bank of East Asia．That compares with 18，000 outlets for Industrial and Commercial Bank of China，11，000 for Bank of China，24，900 for the Agricultural Bank of China．

Currently 10 overseas banks are in operation in Jiangsu Province．Subsidiary banks of Standard Charted and HSBC in Jiangsu will be authorized to operate a full range of RMB business in 10 working days after they file applications，according to the provincial banking regulator．The other 8 foreign banks in the province are entitled to apply for RMB services on a voluntary basis，and among them five have presented petitions．They are Hang Seng Bank，Bank of East Asia，Mizuho Corporate Bank，Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi，and DBS Bank．

新闻报道翻译实例三

银行贷款额度用完年底房价有望下降

【口导】“第二套房”贷款首付四成，利率上浮10%的政策出台以后，买房人贷款是越来越难了。最近，一些符合条件的买房人告诉我们，不仅是公积金贷不了款，连普通的商业贷款银行也不受理了。

【配音】记者从几家中介公司了解到，客户在招商银行等待审批的“第二套房”贷款，本周开始突然说放不了。

【同期】招商银行工作人员

二手房我们现在不做了。(为什么?)我们没有额度做了，比如一年只能做5 000万贷款，我们现在已经把钱都放完了。

【配音】无奈之下，中介公司又转到农业银行。

【同期】农业银行工作人员

二手房我们现在不做了，早就不做了。

【配音】据了解，继建行、民生之后，农行、招行、中行、深发展等银行纷纷停止了商业贷款业务。原因都是“贷款额度用完了”。而交行、光大等银行虽然可以贷款，对利率和区域却“卡”得更严。

【同期】招商银行工作人员

反正各家银行政策不一样，我们是二手房停掉了，有的银行是江北的房子不做。

【配音】记者从中介公司了解到，二手房买卖中60%都有贷款，房贷收紧以后，10月中旬成交量比9月份减少了18%。业内人士认为，失去了贷款的支持，南京今年11月和12月的房价很难上涨。

【同期】南京顺驰不动产有限公司×××

如果下面的贷款政策会越来越严的话，对于二手房整体市场的影响是比较巨大的。对于价格的影响，我们判断在部分区域会出现下降的趋势。

Tightened loan rules affect second-hand housing market

Banking institution's tightened rules on second house loan have produced an impact on the second-hand housing market in Nanjing，capital of East China's Jiangsu Province．

Commercial banks in the city have tightened lending policies and raised the mortgage down payment for second-home buyers after the central bank announced adjustment last month．

On September 27，the People's Bank of China，the nation's central bank，and the China Banking Regulatory Commission said mortgage holders who apply for another home loan have to produce a down payment of at least 40 percent and pay a 10-percent premium on their interest rate．

For people seeking a third or fourth mortgage，down payments and interest rate should be even higher，the bank said，with specific figures determined by commercial banks．

Some second house buyers say they can no longer obtain loans through their public housing fund，and commercial banks are beginning to deny applications for second mortgage loan．

According to several real estate agencies，their clients'application for second loan was rejected suddenly this week by China Merchants Bank．Having no alternative，these agencies tried in Agricultural Bank of China and were turned down again．

It is reported that many commercial banking institutions，including Agricultural Bank of China，China Merchants Bank，Bank of China，and Shenzhen DevelopmentBank，havesuspendedtheircommercialloanservices successively．China Construction Bank and Minsheng Bank have been the first two to launch the new rule．

Those lenders say they have run out of rated loan volume．Second-hand housing loan is still available in other banks，such as Bank of Communications and China Everbright Bank．But they have got stricter with interest rate and house location．

Real estate agencies say，since 60 percent of pre-owned housing dealings involve loans，the tightened second-loan policies market has brought the turnover in mid-October down by 18 percent compared with the previous month．

Without the back-up from loans，the house prices in the provincial capital are not likely to go up during the next two months，insiders say．