社会类新闻

7.13　社会类新闻

在各类新闻中，反映百姓生活、风土人情和市井百态的社会新闻必不可少。在对外新闻报道中，此类新闻更是具有特别重要的意义，因为透过这些新闻报道，国外受众得以了解中国百姓的生活状态。

此类新闻报道的最大特点是充满一个又一个细节，尤其是电视新闻报道，由于其传播模式的特点，新闻内容更是以零碎的方式逐一交代。因此，翻译此类新闻报道的时候需要注意掌握一些原则，第一是对于一些细节不可忽视甚至略去，而是要按照原稿进行信息传递，因为正是这些细节才使得新闻报道更加生动，更加饱满。第二，一些次要甚至与主题关系不是很紧密的信息，则需要通过整合方式归纳起来翻译，否则整个译文会显得过于松散。社会新闻由于其题材广泛，因此相关词汇也十分丰富，这时候就需要译者充分发挥其基本功和知识面。

新闻报道翻译实例一

春节长假过度放松“节日病”患者增多

【口导】长假结束，节日病纷纷显现:今天，南京各大医院消化道、呼吸道疾病患者大大增多。

【配音】今天一早，家住山西路的张先生因连日来的朋友聚餐引发肠胃炎来到医院就诊。一到医院就发现，像自己这样的患者不在少数，由于过多食用油腻食物和过度饮酒，好多就诊者都显示不同程度的胆囊炎、胰腺炎等消化道疾病。医生说，这些问题连同那些由于长期熬夜，导致身体抵抗力下降，出现头晕乏力、食欲不佳等现象，统称“节日病”。

【同期】南京鼓楼医院急诊科主任×××

在过去的一个礼拜当中，平均下来每天我们(接诊)在450号到500号左右，其中有3/5是急诊内科病人，2/5是急诊外科病人。

【配音】在南京市儿童医院，因感冒发烧、咳嗽前来就诊的儿童也挤满了候诊大厅。据介绍，七天长假期间，医院每天都要接诊2 000多名患儿，其中还有不少孩子因误食花生、瓜子等坚果类食物引起支气管受伤。

【同期】南京儿童医院门诊科主任×××

传统节日走亲戚串门比较多，年龄小的孩子经过这一波折腾以后呼吸道感染的机会大大增加了。

【配音】据介绍，除了暴饮暴食和过度疲劳导致的“节日病”外，过度的休息放松也可能导致注意力难集中、情绪低落等“节日心理病”，影响正常的学习和工作。专家提醒，长假结束后人们应尽快调整好作息时间和饮食，适量运动，多与同事朋友交流和沟通，找回良好的状态投入到节后的学习工作当中。

More patients visit hospitals after holiday

Wednesday was the first day when most Chinese people returned to work after the week-long spring festival celebration．As was expected，the number of people visiting hospitals because of holiday illness increased substantially．

A Mr．Zhang in Nanjing，the provincial capital city，went to see doctors early in the morning because he had been suffering from diarrhoea which was caused by the excessive dining parties during the holiday．Zhang was surprised to find that he had good company．Quite a few patients were turning to the doctors for help because of the digestive diseases of one kind or another．According to doctors，these diseases resulted from the staying up too late and the excessive partying during the week-long spring festival holiday．All the patients complained of being dizzy and low appetite．Such things are labelled holiday illness，as was put by the doctors．In Gulou Hospital，one of the leading hospitals in Nanjing，some 500 patients came to see doctors in the past week．Most of them were suffering from the discomforts related to their unhealthy life style in the holiday．In the city's children's hospital，the doctors treated more than 2，000 child patients every day during the holiday．

Experts caution that excessive dining and fatigue are among other things to disrupt people's normal life．Relaxing too much during a certain period can also make people depressed and absent-minded．When the holiday is over，it is high time that people turned to sports and good dining habits to restore their health and mind．

新闻报道翻译实例二

苏州迎来首波扫墓高峰

【口导】虽说离清明节还有大半个月，可今年扫墓踏青的第一波高峰已经来到苏州。

【配音】昨天，苏州凤凰公墓的停车场停满了挂着上海牌照的大巴车。在墓园的出入口，交警小刘正指挥车辆有序通行，他告诉记者，他和同事们七点钟就在这里执勤了。

【同期】苏州市交巡警木渎中队民警×××

到目前为止，达到墓区的车子估计要超过1 000辆，到目前为止还没有发生什么拥堵的状况。

【配音】为了应对扫墓高峰的到来，交警部门除了在每个路口都派驻了交警执勤外，进出墓区的道路也临时改成了单行道。

【同期】上海司机

以前开过来是很堵的，今年来就比较好，很畅通，应该说管理方式上很好。

【配音】作为苏州市规模最大的公墓之一，凤凰公墓共有10万多穴，昨天一天就有10 000多人来这里扫墓。墓区工作人员告诉记者，随着清明节的临近，真正的高峰估计会在下两周的双休日到来，估计到时每天扫墓的人数会超过30 000人。

Suzhou witnesses tomb-sweeping peak

South Jiangsu's Suzhou City has witnessed the first tomb-sweeping peak of this year，though there are two weeks to go before the annual Tomb-Sweeping Festival falls on April 4th．

In the local Phoenix Cemetery，quite a few buses hung with Shanghai's license tags could be seen on Monday．Due to the large number of tomb-sweeping vehicles，the local traffic policemen were busy carrying out their duties early in the morning．To cope with the peak，the roads near the cemetery have been made one-way．Thanks to the efforts by the policemen，the vehicles had free passage into and out of the cemetery．

As the city's largest public cemetery，the Phoenix Cemetery witnessed on Monday more than 10 thousand people who came to sweep the graves of their ancestors．It is estimated that a larger peak will come in next two weekends，when over 30 thousand people will arrive each day．

The Tomb-Sweeping Festival or Qingming Festival is a time for Chinese people to visit their ancestors'tombs．More important，it is a period to honor and to pay respect to one's deceased ancestors and family members．As a major Chinese festival，it has been added to the government's list of public holidays with additional two Chinese traditional festivals，which are Dragon-Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival．

新闻报道翻译实例三

濒临失传梨膏糖艺人急寻“接班人”

【口导】上了点年纪的人都知道，玄妙观是早年苏州老百姓很喜欢去的好地方，那里有杂耍、兜售伤膏药、卖梨膏糖的。如今，随着时代的变迁，梨膏糖这门手艺正面临失传的境遇。

【现场同期声】

各位朋友静静听，听我来唱我们一段苏州景，苏州本是古老文化城，自从吴越春秋到如今。

【配音】在玄妙观东脚门，一张桌子、一张椅子再加一面旗，就成了梨膏糖老艺人张志良做生意的全部门面。张老伯介绍，他表演的节目叫“小热昏”，内容大致是些走街串巷时看到的新鲜事儿，语言活泼有趣，到后来“小热昏”也就成了梨膏糖的代名词。

【同期】梨膏糖老艺人×××

卖梨膏糖的场面用不着大场面的，一般讲一只台子，一只箱子。说唱，卖梨膏糖主要靠说唱，所以梨膏糖名气响主要是唱出来的。

【配音】梨膏糖的制作工艺并不复杂，主要是用冰糖、梨汁为主料，加天然植物配方加工熬煎而成，可化痰润肺，在沪、宁、苏、杭享有盛名。

【同期】苏州市民×××

我小时候他就开始卖梨膏糖了，我老公一直咳嗽，一直吃这个的，特地赶过来买的。

【配音】卖了几十年的梨膏糖，如今，74岁的张老伯遇上了难题。

【同期】梨膏糖老艺人×××

我带过几天徒弟的，两个徒弟，当时做做还蛮诚心，但是时间一长赚不到钱，他们就去做别的行当了。人家全不做了，今后再看有没有别的办法。

Pear syrup candy calling for apprentices to pass down

Li'gao'tang or pear syrup candy，a favorite Chinese snack known far and wide，is on the verge of extinction．Local craftsmen in Suzhou City of East China's Jiangsu Province are eager to find willing apprentices to pass down the traditional Chinese product which used to be hawked in bazaars and temple fairs．

Mr．Zhang Zhiliang is sticking to his old business of making and hawking pear syrup candy in Xuanmiaoguan Temple of downtown Suzhou．With a simple stand made of one table，one chair and one banner，Zhang is delighted to demonstrate his improvised jokes，ballads or tongue-twisters．He sings loudly in praise of his candy while making the candy on a stove．According to Zhang，the hawkers in the past used to peddle the candy with their wheelbarrows throughout the streets of old Shanghai．The hawker's wheelbarrow would contain a square table for displaying a variety of pear syrup candy，a gas lamp，a teapot，and most important of all，a little gong，the prop to accompany his promotional words:improvised jokes，ballads or tongue-twisters．In their ad-lib，they would not reveal that the pear syrup candy originated in the Tang Dynasty thanks to a minister's filial piety to his coughing mother．Nor would they analyze the ingredients of the candy，including some thirty kinds of herbal juice．Instead they would comment on the latest news in town，and make fun of stupid officials or policemen．

Pear syrup candy is sold in a great variety all year round．Among them is the medicinal pear syrup good for curing coughs，which is made of a dozen of medicinal herbs like the almond，haw，tendril-leafed fritillary bulb，orange roots and blossoms．There is also assorted pear syrup candy made of ginger juice，peppermint，walnuts，fried shrimps，meat floss，bean puree，pine-nuts，peanuts，gingko nuts，dried rose petals，lemon，etc．

Unfortunately，pear syrup candy seems to be fading into oblivion as the making and hawking of such a small snack is gradually losing its popularity with the younger generations who tend to be keen on fast food and anything new．Zhang Zhiliang used to take on two apprentices years ago but they soon quit for the sake of earning money too little and too slow．Zhang is really worried that his craft will fade into obscurity in the future．