音译加意译

四、音译加意译

◆ 正说着，小厮来回“冯大爷来了”。宝玉便知是神武将军冯唐之子冯紫英来了。(曹雪芹《红楼梦》第二十六回)

Just then“Mr．Feng”was announced by one of the servants．Baoyu realized this must be Feng Ziying，the son of Feng Tang，General Shenwu．(杨宪益、戴乃迭译)

◆ 走不多时，路旁彩棚高搭，设席张筵，和音奏乐，俱是各家路祭：第一座是东平王府祭棚，第二座是南安郡王祭棚，第三座是西宁郡王，第四座是北静郡王的。……(北静王)自己五更入朝，公事一毕，便换了素服，坐大轿鸣锣张伞而来，至棚前落轿。手下各官两旁拥立，军民人众不得往还。(曹雪芹《红楼梦》第十四回)

Before long they reached stands with colored silk awnings by the roadside where music was played and sacrificial offerings had been set out by different families．The first four belonged to the houses of the Prince of Dongping，the Prince of Nan'an，the Prince of Xining，and the Prince of Beijing．

The audience over，he changed into mourning clothes and came here by palanquin，preceded by sounding gongs and ceremonial umbrellas．He halted his palanquin at the stand and his officers ranged themselves on either side，forbidding soldiers and civilians to pass．(杨宪益、戴乃迭译)

◆ 那时官客送殡的，有镇国公牛清之孙现袭一等伯牛继宗，理国公柳彪之孙现袭一等子柳芳，齐国公陈翼之孙世袭三品威镇将军陈瑞文，治国公马魁之孙世袭三品威远将军马尚，修国公侯晓明之孙世袭一等子侯孝康;缮国公诰命亡故，故其孙石光珠守孝不曾来得。这六家与宁荣二家，当日所称“八公”的便是。余者更有南安郡王之孙，西宁郡王之孙，忠靖侯史鼎，平原侯之孙世袭二等男蒋子宁，定城侯之孙世袭二等男兼京营游击谢鲸，襄阳侯之孙世袭二等男戚建辉，景田侯之孙五城兵马司裘良。余者锦乡伯公子韩奇，神武将军公子冯紫英，陈也俊、卫若兰等诸王孙公子，不可枚数。(曹雪芹《红楼梦》第十四回)

Among the officials attending the funeral were：Niu Jizong，hereditary earl of the first rank，grandson of Niu Qing，Duke of Zhenguo;Liu Fang，hereditary viscount of the first rank，grandson of Liu Biao，Duke of Liguo;Chen Ruiwen，hereditary general of the third rank，grandson of Chen Yi，Duke of Qiguo;Ma Shang，hereditary general of the third rank，grandson of Ma Kui，Duke of Zhiguo;and Hou Xiaokang，hereditary viscount of the first rank，grandson of Hou Xiaoming，Duke of Xiuguo．Since the Duke of Shangguo's wife had died，his grandson Shi Guangzhu was in mourning and unable to come．These six families，with those of Ning and Rong，were known as the“Eight Ducal Households．”

The other mourners included：the grandson of the Prince of Nan'an;the grandson of the prince of Xining;Shi Ding，Marquis of Zhongjing;Jiang Zining，hereditary baron of the second rank，grandson of the Marquis of Pingyuan;Xie Jing，hereditary baron of the second rank，captain of the Metropolitan Garrison，grandson of the Marquis of Dingcheng;Qi Jianhui，hereditary baron of the second rank，grandson of the Marquis of Xiangyang;Qiu Liang，garrison commander of five cities，grandson of the Marquis of Jingtian．

Also present were Han Qi，son of the Earl of Jinxiang;Feng Ziying，son of the General of Divine Valour;Chen Yejun，Wei Ruolan and countless other sons of nobles．(杨宪益、戴乃迭译)

【注】在这一段描述送殡的队伍中，我们发现官位高到“亲王”、“郡王”，也有“公侯伯子男”、“将军游击”等，应有尽有，简直就是成了“百官”大检阅。(胡文彬，2005：287)。而杨宪益、戴乃迭的翻译也毫不逊色，把这汉语中的“百官”图，也译得应有尽有。

◆ 当下安插既定，谁知保龄侯史鼎又迁委了外任大员，不日要带了家眷去上任。(曹雪芹《红楼梦》第四十九回)

Barely had the newcomers settled in than Shi Ding，Marquis of Baoling，was transferred to a provincial governorship．In a few days he would be taking his family to his new post．(杨宪益、戴乃迭译)

附：

清朝官员的品级

清朝的官员分九品十八级，每一品中分正、从，如正一品、从一品。按职能分为三类：文官、武官、监察官。品级高下与职能所属，通过服饰与顶带区分。以顶珠为例，官员品级高低一目了然：一品珊瑚，表明光华，俗称亮红顶;二品花珊瑚，俗称暗红顶，即顶珠正面雕刻寿字;三品蓝宝石，俗称亮蓝顶;四品青金石，俗称暗蓝顶;五品砗磲(一种软体动物，介壳略呈三角形，大的长达一米左右。生活在热带海底。肉可以吃。)石;六品水晶;七品素金，即表明光华的金顶;八九品镂花金顶。此外还有超品官员，宗室不入八分辅国公、八旗蒙古王公和非宗室封伯爵以上的，都视为超品。(摘自启功，2006，《启功给你讲红楼》)