选词填空题型的阅读理解

2　选词填空题型的阅读理解

这部分是一篇长度为200～250词的文章，但文章中缺少10个单词，题目中给出了15个单词，要求考生选择正确的单词填入文章。这一部分要求填入的单词属于学生比较熟悉的词汇。但是，考生要想轻易地选对全部单词并非易事。因为，它要求考生不仅要看懂文章，而且要明白这些单词的意义及其用法。为了更好地解答这一题型，考生可以按以下的方法做题。

(1)解题步骤：

首先，跳读全文，抓住中心。

考生应跳读全文，只读每一段的首段和末句，迅速抓出文章的主题。

其次，阅读选项，词性分类。

考生要仔细阅读选项。选项给出的仅仅是一个单词，而非句子或者语段。考生可以根据词性把每个单词进行分类归纳。那么，考生在做出选择时，就可以根据空格中应填入词的词性，在很大程度上缩小选择范围。

再次，瞻前顾后，灵活选择。

考生根据上下文的内在逻辑结构，选择合适的选项填空。

最后，复读全文，谨慎调整。

填空完成后，再次复读全文，看上下文是否通顺、内在逻辑关系是否连贯。如有问题，也需要谨慎地进行调整。

(2)解题技巧：

判定词性时可以重点分析动词的时态，即哪几个是一般时，哪几个是过去时或者是过去分词。考生可以根据上下文时态对应的原则，进一步缩小选择范围。

如果选项中出现指代词时，往往该选项不能放在首句。

如果选项中出现一组反义词时，往往有一个是干扰选项，它注重考察的是对于文章框架结构的理解，要求考生理解整篇文章的语境。

如果选项中出现一组近义词时，往往也有一个是干扰选项，它注重考察的是词汇的精确理解，要求考生分析清楚其意义或搭配上的区别。

如果选项为连词时，要关注上下句的逻辑关系。

要有总体观，不必按顺序做题。先做自己最有把握的题目，为其他的题目缩小选择范围。

样题解析

Directions：In this section，there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select

one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

When Roberto Feliz came to the USA from the Dominican Republic，he knew only a few words of English.Education soon became a47.“I couldn't understand anything，”he said.He48from his teachers，came home in tears，and thought about dropping out.

Then Mrs.Malave，a bilingual educator，began to work with him while teaching him math and science in his49Spanish.“She helped me stay smart while teaching me English，”he said.Given the chance to demonstrate his ability，he50confidence and began to succeed in school.

Today，he is a51doctor，runs his own clinic，and works with several hospitals.Every day，he uses the language and academic skills he52through bilingual education to treat his patients.

Roberto's story is just one of53success stories.Research has shown that bilingual education is the most54way both to teach children English and ensure that they succeed academically.In Arizona and Texas，bilingual students55outperform their peers in monolingual programs.Calexico，Calif.，implemented bilingual education，and now has dropout rates that are less than half the state average and college56rates of more than 90%.In E1 Paso，bilingual education programs have helped raise student scores from the lowest in Texas to among the highest in the nation.

A)wonder

B)acquired

C)consistently

D)regained

E)nightmare

F)native

G)acceptance

H)effective

I)hid

J)prominent

K)decent

L)countless

M)recalled

N)breakthrough

O)automatically

首先，跳读全文，抓住文章的中心。整篇文章通过Roberto的例子来论证双语教育的好处。下面，以第一段为例来看如何做题。

把选项进行归类，其中名词有E，G，N选项；动词为A，B，D，I，M选项，其中只有A为一般时，其余都是过去时；形容词为F，H，J，K，L选项，其中J和K意思相近；副词为C，O选项。在原文中，第47题显然应该填入一个名词，而选项中名词只有三个，所以这道题目从15选1变成为3选1。根据下文“I couldn't understand anything”分析，该题选E。第48题要填一个动词，后半句出现了came和thought，为了保持时态一致，该动词应该为一般过去式，只有B，D，I，M符合；从意思上理解，hid from有“隐瞒、躲避”的意思，所以该题答案是I。确定选项后，就可以把这两个选项从15个选项中删去，以缩小后面题目的选择范围。