同传翻译的技巧和方法

二、交替传译技能课内练习：释译技巧训练

1．传译以下短文。听录音，在停顿处开始传译。注意灵活运用释译技巧。

Vocabulary

Chief Executive　行政长官

Doha　多哈（卡塔尔首都）

arguable　可论证的，可断言的；可疑的，有疑问的

tariff　关税

elimination　除去，消除

a blessing in disguise　塞翁失马，因祸得福

bedrock　岩床，根底，基础

hearing　说话或申辩的机会

underpinning　支撑，建筑物下面的基础，支柱

Speech by HKMC Chair at Inaugural Session of Hong Kong Ministerial Conference of World Trade Organization（excerpts）

I think we would all agree with the Chief Executive that the WTO is at a critical juncture．Four years ago，at the Fourth Ministerial Conference in Doha，members showed unity of purpose and resolve when they agreed to launch a new round of multilateral trade negotiations．//

The Doha Development Agenda negotiations are arguably the most complex and difficult yet undertaken．Agricultural products aside，the margins for tariff reduction are by definition the narrowest following eight earlier rounds．Key negotiating areas，most notably the reduction and elimination of agricultural subsidies，are politically sensitive to many members．//

But members agreed to take up this challenge and pressed on vigorously with the negotiations because we recognized the quickening pace of global interdependence．We recognized too that domestic economic reforms could not be implemented effectively without the cooperation of the other participants in the global economy．//

In a globalized economy，all of us are impacted more rapidly by events elsewhere，but greater openness brings with it greater flexibility，and this can be a blessing in disguise．I think of my own community here in Hong Kong as an example of that．Free and open trade is the bedrock of Hong Kong's economic policy，and the foundation of its successful development．//

For us，active participation in the WTO is a natural extension of this policy．The WTO's rules-based multilateral trading system helps sustain a dynamic but stable international market environment，in which our goods and services can compete on a level playing field．And in the event of disputes，it allows a fair hearing for all，regardless of size and economic well being．//

The rules-based system provides the essential international underpinning for our own open economic policies．Together they enable a predictable and welcoming environment for foreign investment in Hong Kong，thereby increasing jobs and demand for goods and services．//

2．传译以下短文。听录音，在停顿处开始传译。注意灵活运用释译技巧。

Vocabulary

sideline　使不能参加比赛，使退场；侧线，边线

legitimacy　合法，正当

by the same token　同样地，基于同一理由，而且，此外

scrutiny　详细的检查

ratify　批准，认可

deceleration　减速

recession　退回，后退；经济不景气

protectionism　贸易保护主义（政策）

sustain　维持，持续

Speech at the Opening of the WTO Fourth Ministerial Conference in Doha（excerpts）

How much do these decisions matter？What is really at stake here？For at least three reasons they matter enormously．First，there is still a vast amount to be done by way of trade liberalization．Every member of this organization has needs that are addressed in the program of work and negotiation which is now submitted to you．Without agreement on such a program they will continue to be frustrated，injustices will be frozen and great needs sidelined．//

Secondly，it is critically important for the multilateral trading system as a whole to demonstrate that effective，purposeful cooperation among 142 members，and those many still to come，is perfectly possible．The rules of the system need to be reconsidered at intervals because circumstances change，creating new challenges and new opportunities．//

Every one of the rules has been negotiated and adopted by consensus：that is the source of their legitimacy．By the same token，only negotiation and consensus can change them．A mature and confident organization should welcome scrutiny—that is healthy，it's how you improve our service．And in the end，some years out，parliaments and congresses must ratify the final agreements．//

Thirdly，the world economy needs the signal of confidence in open markets and commitment to international cooperation which agreement here will deliver．World trade grew by over 12 percent in 2000，but after one of the most severe decelerations in modern times，projections suggest growth of 1 or 2 percent at best in 2001．//

Developing countries face a 10 percent fall in demand for their exports．Revenues are falling and jobs are being shed in nations of both North and South．If we slide into a full scale recession，all will suffer，but it is certain that suffering will be greatest among the developing countries，especially the poorest and weakest among them，because they live on the margin．//

Whether that happens depends very much on the factor of confidence—among other things confidence that governments will not give way to the temptation of protectionism．The state of the world economy and the threat of protectionism demand a clear commitment by governments to sustain and strengthen the international trading system and resolve their differences by negotiation．//

难点分析

1）本篇中也有相当一部分表达难以按字面进行翻译，如“injustices will be frozen and great needs sidelined”，这里要根据“frozen”和“sideline”两词的基本意思，引申出它们在这个特定的上下文中的意思，将这句翻译为“不公平的状况仍将持续，巨大的需求也无法满足”；又如“jobs are being shed”应根据上下文提到的经济不景气会造成的一系列不良后果，推断出这里是指失业率上升。

2）“...it is critically important for the multilateral trading system as a whole to demonstrate that effective，purposeful cooperation among 142 members，and those many still to come，is perfectly possible．”对这种以“it”作形式主语，实际主语比较长的英语复杂句式，可以先将实际主语翻译出来，“多边贸易体系应该作为一个整体，证明在142个成员和未来更多参与进来的成员间，完全可能进行效率高、目标明确的合作”，然后再翻译谓语部分，“至关重要”，用指示代词“这一点”将两部分有机结合起来。当然有的时候也可以按原句顺序翻译，如“it is clear that...”就可以直接译为“显然……”