与的用法和区别

二、would与will的用法和区别

人们在预测未来情况时，有时认为事情很有可能发生，语气较为肯定，在英译时，要用will，如果认为事情不会发生，纯属假设，或对已经发生的事进行假设，仍然要用would。请比较下列几组句子:

例1:明天肯定还这么冷。Tomorrow it will be just as cold，if not colder.(语气肯定)明天还会这么冷。Tomorrow it would be just as cold.(不太肯定)

例2:你要是听医生的话，你的病情就不会恶化。

·If you follow the doctor's advice，your conditions will not get worse.(病情稳定)

·If you had followed the doctor's advice，your conditions would not be this bad.

(病情不佳)

例3:如果我说过这句话，我就得道歉。

·If I said anything like that，I'll apologize.(记不清说没说过这句话)

·If I had said anything like that，I would apologize.(肯定没说过这句话)

例4:这个活儿换了别人，30天是干不完的。

·Others will never finish the job in 30 days.(在干活之前说这句话)

·Others would have never finished it in 30 days.(在干活之后说这句话)

例5:一个大国如果不节制生育，就会出现人口问题。

If a country with a large population does not promote family planning，there will be bad population problems.(肯定会发生的一般假设)

如果我国在40年前就实行“只生一个”的政策，我们的人口问题就不会这样严峻。

If we had adopted the“one-child-family policy”40 years ago，China's population problem would not be so serious today.(对过去未发生的事情的假设)

例6:如果美国轰炸伊朗的核设施，结果会怎么样?

If the US bombs the Iran's nuclear facilities，what will happen?(很有可能发生)

If the US bombed the Iran's nuclear facilities，what would happen?(没有可能发生)