三明市概况

一、三明市概况

三明市地处福建省西北部，是一座新兴的工业城市，是全国重点的“绿色三角”旅游区，森林覆盖率达到76.8%。三明辖二区一市九县，人口270万，土地总面积2.29万平方公里。

三明历史悠久，各县、市都出土了新石器时代的遗物，尤其是清流境内狐狸洞的“清流人”古人类化石，把福建人类活动的历史从过去的六、七千年前推到一万年以前。独特的历史和地理环境，使得三明市的宁化石壁成为中国历史上由北向南客家大迁徙的中转站，被誉为客家的摇篮。宋代“理学四贤”中的杨时、罗从彦、朱熹和清代画坛“扬州八怪”之一的黄慎及清代名士伊秉绶等客家历史名人都诞生在这里。

三明矿产资源丰富，享有福建矿产“聚宝盆”之美称。重晶石为全国富矿之一，钨、锰、蓝宝石等在全国、全省矿产资源中占有重要地位。三明的煤储量占到福建省的37.2%。

三明是闽江源头，境内水源充沛，林木品种繁多，森林覆盖率达76.8%。年平均气温19.4℃，属亚热带气候，冬无严寒，夏无酷暑，一年四季都很适合旅游。

三明山川秀丽，风光独特，旅游资源丰富。主要旅游风景区有:泰宁金湖、将乐玉华洞、永安桃源洞、鳞隐石林、宁化天鹅洞、沙县七仙洞、三明市区格氏栲自然保护区、将乐龙栖山、建宁金铙山等。其中泰宁大金湖、永安石林——桃源洞、将乐玉华洞为国家4A级旅游风景区。拥有历史名胜众多，包括尤溪县的南溪书院(宋代理学家朱熹诞生地遗址)、泰宁国家一级文物保护单位明代尚书第、永安安贞堡等古建筑和宁化石壁村客家祖籍地等。

Chapter 7 Sanming

Overview of Sanming

Located between Wuyi Mountain and Daiyun Mountain in the northwest of Fujian Province，Sanming is a rising industrial city and an important tourist city often referred to as the“Green Triangle”，for 76.8%of the land is covered with forest.It has a total area of 22，900 square kilometers and a population of 2.7 million.It administers nine counties，two districts and one city.

Sanming City boasts a long history.The Neolithic relics unearthed in the city，particularly the“Qingliu Man”fossils found in Huli Cave，or fox cave in the city’s Qingliu County，have lengthened the history of human activity in Fujian to 10，000 years，4，000 more years than the previously estimated six or seven thousand years.The city’s Shibi Village is widely known as“Hakkas’Cradle”. Many famous Hakka historical figures were born here，including the“Four Neo－Confucianist Philosophers”in the Song Dynasty，Yang Shi，Luo Congyan and Zhu Xi.There are also Huang Shen，one of the“Eight Eccentric Yangzhou Artists”in the Qing Dynasty，and Yin Bingshou，one of the“Four Great Calligraphers”in the Qing Dynasty.

Sanming is known as“Mineral Treasure Bowl”for its rich mineral resources.Sanming possesses one of the richest deposits of barite in China and subtantial deposits of wolfram，manganese and sapphire in Fujian and Chian at large.The deposit of coal accounts for 37.2%of the total reserve in Fujian province.

The large volume of river flow provides it with abundant waterpower resources.76.8%of the total area is covered with forest，and the annual average temperature is19.4 degrees Celsius.Since it is in the subtropical zone with a long summer and a relatively short winter，Sanming City is a good place for tourists in all four seasons.

Blessed with green hills and clear waters，Sanming City has very rich tourist resources.The main scenic spots are as follows:the Golden Lake in Taining County，Yvhua Cave in Jiangle County，Taoyuan Cave in Yong＇an County，the stone forest in Linyin County，the Swan Cave in Ninghua County，the Qixian Cave in Shaxian County，the Geshikao Natural Preservation Zone in the urban area of Sanming City，the Longxi Mountain in Jungle County，and the Jinrao Mountain in Jianning.The sites of the Golden Lake in Taining County，the stone forest——Taoyuan Cave in Yong＇an County and the Yvhua Cave in Jiangle County are national 4A－level scenic spots.Famous sites of historic interest include the Nanxi Academy，where the famous Song Dynasty Neo－Confucianist philosopher，Zhu Xi，was born，the Residence of Defense Minister of the Ming Dynasty，the ancient building complex called Anzhenbao in Yong’an，and Shibi Village in Ninghua，which is generally acknowledged as their native place by the Hakkas over the world.

Vocabulary:

jurisdiction　　　n.司法权，审判权，管辖权;权限，权力

neolithic　　　adj.新石器时代的;早先的

neo－Confucianist　　　adj.新儒学(家)的

deposit　　　n.矿床;矿层

wolfram　　　n.钨(金属元素，符号W);钨锰铁矿

manganese　　　n.锰

barite　　　n.重晶石

sapphire　　　n.蓝宝石

hakka　　　n.客家;客家人;客家语