短对话解题思路与技巧

◆第一章◆　短对话

一、短对话解题思路与技巧

1．解题步骤

快速浏览选项，注意相同或相关词语的重复出现，确定对话主题；

根据选项表达形式等特点及选项内容，推测问题类型及内容，确定听音重点；

集中精力听对话内容，注意抓取关键点，做好相应的笔记；

根据问题对号入座，得出答案。

2．常考句式

四级英语听力短对话中经常涉及表示转折、强调、虚拟、比较、否定等特殊句式，能否正确理解这些句式往往就是解题的关键。因此，熟悉和掌握考试中常见的特殊句式，将有助于考生在考试中更加快速、准确地抓住关键信息。

1）转折句式

转折句式一般都是先说明原本的意图或情况，然后经but等词来说明后来的实际想法或事实结果，设题点往往在but等转折词之后。例如：

A：How about joiningme for a cup of coffee？

B：I’d love to，but I’m exhausted．Iwas up till 3．

2）强调句式

强调句式有以下几种不同的表现形式：

通过一些表示说话者想法的词来实现，如certainly，sure，of course，you bet等，后面再解释原因或给出理由。

通过谓语动词及系动词如do，does，did，are，am，was，were等来表示对某一种想法或所做的事的坚决态度。

通过一些形容词或副词来表达说话者非常坚定的想法，如really can’t，just can’t等。

通过说话的语气、声调、语速等加以强调。

3）虚拟句式

虚拟语气是四级听力考试的重点考查内容之一，它表达的是与事实相反的内容或是一种不可能实现的意愿。

（1）if虚拟条件句

虚拟语气下的条件句称为虚拟条件句，又叫非真实条件句，其所谈论的情况与事实相反或不太可能发生。考生在听音时要注意区分虚拟条件句与真实条件句。

如：If Iwere you，Iwould turn it in to the security office．

（2）wish后的虚拟语气

动词wish后的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，表示不太可能或没有把握实现的愿望。如：

A：Your son certainly shows a lot of enthusiasm on the tennis court．

B：Ionly wish he’d show asmuch for his studies．

（3）if only后用虚拟语气

谓语动词用一般过去时表示现在没有实现的愿望，用过去完成时表示过去没有实现的愿望。如：…but if only we had known a few of the other guests．

（4）should/shouldn’t/needn’t…＋have done表虚拟含义

表示“本应该做某事而实际上没有做/本不应该做某事但实际却做了/本不必做某事但实际却做了”等含义。例如：

They shouldn’t have done that．　他们本不应该做那件事。

Jack should have told the truth．　杰克本应该说实话的。

3．应急高招

纵览历年真题我们不难发现，正确选项和干扰项的设置均存在一定的规律和特点。了解这些规律和特点有助于我们推测哪些选项最可能是答案，哪些选项很可能是干扰项，从而缩小听音范围，提高做题的正确率。

求同原则：主题与其他三个选项明显不同的选项往往不是答案；

相近原则：出现谈论话题相同或相近的两个选项时，其中一个可能是正确答案；

相反原则：意思明显相反的两个选项往往有一个为正确答案。

二、短对话练习

Exercise One

1．A）Theman should visit themuseums．

　B）The beach resort is a good choice．

　C）She can’t stand the hotweather．

　D）She enjoys staying in Washington．

2．A）It could help people of all ages to avoid cancer．

　B）Itwasmainlymeant for cancer patients．

　C）Itmight appealmore to viewers over 40．

　D）Itwas frequently interrupted by commercials．

3．A）The tickets aremore expensive than expected．

　B）The tickets are sold in advance at half price．

　C）It’s difficult to buy the tickets on the spot．

　D）It’s better to buy the tickets beforehand．

4．A）He prefers to wear jeanswith a largerwaist．

　B）He has been extremely busy recently．

　C）He has gained someweight lately．

　D）He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday．

5．A）The woman possesses a natural talent for art．

　B）Women have a better artistic taste thanmen．

　C）He isn’t good at abstract thinking．

　D）He doesn’t like abstract paintings．

6．A）He needs another week for the painting．

　B）The paintingwas completed just in time．

　C）The building won’t open until nextweek．

　D）His artistic work has been well received．

7．A）She was absent allweek owing to sickness．

　B）She was seriously injured in a car accident．

　C）She called to say that her husband had been hospitalized．

　D）She had to be away from school to attend to her husband．

8．A）Theman had a hard time finding a parking space．

　B）The woman found they had got to the wrong spot．

　C）The woman was offended by theman’s late arrival．

　D）Theman couldn’t find his car in the parking lot．

Exercise To

1．A）He is rather disappointed．

　B）He is highly ambitious．

　C）He can’t face up to the situation．

　D）He knows his own limitation．

2．A）He is pleased with his exciting new job．

　B）He finds the huge workload unbearable．

　C）He finds his officemuch too big for him．

　D）He is not so excited about his new position．

3．A）Only true friendship can last long．

　B）Letterwriting is going out of style．

　C）She keeps in regular touch with her classmates．

　D）She has lost contactwithmost of her old friends．

4．A）She sold all her furniture before shemoved house．

　B）She still keeps some old furniture in her new house．

　C）She plans to put all her old furniture in the basement．

　D）She brought a new set of furniture from Italy lastmonth．

5．A）The woman wondered why theman didn’t return the book．

　B）The woman doesn’t seem to know what the book is about．

　C）The woman doesn’t find the book useful anymore．

　D）The woman forgot lending the book to theman．

6．A）The girls got on wellwith each other．

　B）It’s understandable that girls don’t get along．

　C）She was angry with the other young stars．

　D）The girls lacked the courage to fight．

7．A）Most studentswould like to work for a newspaper．

　B）Most students find a job by reading advertisements．

　C）Most students find it hard to get a job after they graduate．

　D）Most students don’twant jobs advertised in the newspapers．

8．A）She talked with Mr．Wright on the phone．

　B）She is about to call Mr．Wright’s secretary．

　C）She will see Mr．Wright at lunch time．

　D）She failed to reach Mr．Wright．

ExerciseThree

1．A）She is black and blue all over．

　B）She has to go to see a doctor．

　C）She stayed away from work for a few days．

　D）She got hurt in an accident yesterday．

2．A）He has proved to be a better reader than the woman．

　B）He has difficulty understanding the book．

　C）He cannot get access to the assigned book．

　D）He cannot finish his assignment before the deadline．

3．A）He is actually very hardworking．

　B）He has difficulty finishing his project．

　C）He needs to spend more time in the lab．

　D）He seldom tells the truth about himself．

4．A）He is not easy-going．

　B）He is the speakers’boss．

　C）He is not at home thisweekend．

　D）He seldom invites people to his home．

5．A）Switch off the refrigerator for a while．

　B）Have someone repair the refrigerator．

　C）Ask theman to fix the refrigerator．

　D）Buy a refrigerator of better quality．

6．A）She will drive theman to the supermarket．

　B）Theman should buy a car of his own．

　C）Theman needn’t go shopping every week．

　D）She can pick theman up at the grocery store．

7．A）He turned suddenly and ran into a tree．

　B）He was hit by a fallen box from a truck．

　C）He drove too fast and crashed into a truck．

　D）He was trying to overtake the truck ahead of him．8．A）She isn’t sure when Professor Bloom will be back．

　B）Theman shouldn’t be late for his class．

　C）Theman can come back sometime later．

　D）She can pass on themessage for theman．

Exercise Four

1．A）He understands the woman’s feelings．

　B）He has gone through a similar experience．

　C）The woman should have gone on the field trip．

　D）The teacher is just following the regulations．

2．A）Teaching her son by herself．

　B）Having comfidence in her son．

　C）Asking the teacher for extra help．

　D）Telling her son not toworry．

3．A）Theman can speak a foreign language．

　B）The woman hopes to improve her English．

　C）The woman knowsmany different languages．

　D）Theman wishes to visitmanymore countries．

4．A）They went a longway to attend the party．

　B）They didn’t think much of the food and drinks．

　C）They knew none of the other guests at the party．

　D）They enjoyed the party better than the other guests．

5．A）Theman has left a good impression on her family．

　B）Theman can dress casually for the occasion．

　C）Theman should buy himself a new suit．

　D）Theman’s jeans and T-shirts are stylish．

6．A）It is a routine offer．　　　　　　　B）It is new on themenu．

　C）It is quite healthy．　D）It is a good bargain．

7．A）A painter．　　B）A mechanic．　　C）A porter．　　　D）A carpenter．

8．A）Tony’s secretary．　B）Paul’s girlfriend．

C）Paul’s colleague．　D）Tony’swife．