长对话解题思路与技巧

◆第二章◆　长对话

长对话虽然也采用两人日常对话的形式，但难度与短对话相比，却大多了。短对话的答案一般是“显而易见”的，而长对话涉及的内容更深入，信息量更大，并且问题是在整组对话之后提出，考生很难准确捕捉到问题考查的关键信息。因此，考生有必要熟悉长对话的常见设题点，以便能锁定重点，抓住关键信息。

一、长对话解题思路与技巧

1．常见设题点

1）首尾处

首尾处是重要的设题处，考查对主旨或讨论话题的把握。

2）举例、列举处

举例、列举处往往也是出题的重点。因此，当听到such as，for example，for instance，the first，the second等一类词语时，应加以留意。

3）比较或对比处

含有形容词、副词的比较级或最高级，as…as同级比较，以及while，whereas，compared with，in contrast等词或短语引出的比较或对比结构的句子往往提供重要信息或者就是答案的出处。

4）逻辑关系处

表示并列、转折、条件等逻辑关系的地方是长对话与短文的出题重点，当出现aswell as，not only…but also，but，however，if，even if，even though等表示逻辑关系的连接词时，应重点关注。

5）强调处

强调的地方肯定是长对话的重点所在。因此，需留意对话中出现的强调句型、助动词强调以及actually，particularly等表示强调的副词。

2．解题步骤

1）横看：推测问题类型及内容，确定听音时需要关注的主要信息点。

横看，横向比较某一道题各个选项相同以及不同的部分，以便在听原文的时候特意去听不同的部分。很多选项都有比较明显的特点，或者使用某种专门的表达形式，如均为动词原形或均为人物角色等；或者含有一些标志性的词语，如均含有描述某人性格或某事特点的词语。通过这些选项特点及选项内容，我们便可以推测问题可能考查的核心内容，从而在听音时更有针对性。

2）纵看：预览选项，注意相同或相关词语的重复出现，预测对话的主题。

纵向比较，竖看其他各题选项的内容。虽然长对话的篇幅增加，但其透露出的信息比短对话内容更完整，情景更具体。一篇长对话通常有三至四个题目，每个题目四个选项。当我们浏览完选项后，基本上就能够推测出对话的主题和谈论的内容。这对于我们接下来的听力理解很有帮助。

3）捕捉信息，抓取关键点，必要时做适当笔记。

由于篇幅的增加，短时间内记住这么多的内容难度非常大，所以在听录音的时候养成做笔记的习惯至关重要。笔记主要记下长对话中的关键词和关键信息，例如对话中出现的时间、地点、人名和数字等。

二、长对话练习

Exercise One

Conversation One

1．A）She was a bank manager．

　B）She was a victim of the robbery．

　C）She was a defense lawyer．

　D）She was a witness to the crime．

2．A）A tallman with dark hair and amoustache．

　B）A thirty-year-old guy wearing a light sweater．

　C）A youth with a distinguishingmark on his face．

　D）A medium-sized youngman carrying a gun．

3．A）Identify the suspect from pictures．

　B）Have her photo taken for their files．

　C）Go upstairs to sign some document．

　D）Verify the record ofwhat she had said．

Conversation Two

4．A）It is scheduled on Thursday night．　B）It is supposed to last nine weeks．

　C）It takes place once a week．　D）It usually starts at six．

5．A）Tomake good use of her spare time in the evening．

　B）Tomeet the requirements of her in-service training．

　C）To improve her driving skills as quickly as possible．

　D）To get some basic knowledge about carmaintenance．

6．A）Participate in group discussions．　B）Take turns tomake presentations．

　C）Listen to the teacher’s explanation．D）Answer the teacher’s questions．

7．A）Most of them are female．　B）Some have a part-time job．

　C）They plan to buy a new car．　D）A few of them are old chaps．

ExerciseT o

Conversation One

1．A）Hosting an evening TV program．　B）Having her bicycle repaired．

C）Lecturing on businessmanagement．D）Conducting amarket survey．

2．A）He repaired bicycles．　B）He served as a consultant．

C）He worked as a salesman．　D）He coached in a racing club．

3．A）He wanted to be his own boss．　B）He found itmore profitable．

C）He didn’twant to start from scratch．D）He didn’twant to be in toomuch debt．

4．A）They work five days a week．　B）They are all theman’s friends．

C）They are paid by the hour．　D）They all enjoy gambling．

Conversation Two

5．A）It has gradually given way to service industry．

　B）It remains amajor part of industrial activity．

　C）It has a history as long as paper processing．

　D）It accounts for 80 percent of the region’s GDP．

6．A）Transport problems．　B）Shortage of funding．

　C）Lack of resources．　D）Poormanagement．

7．A）Competition from rival companies．　B）Product promotion campaigns．

　C）Possible locations for a new factory．D）Measures to create job opportunities．

ExerciseThree

Conversation One

1．A）They are as good as historical films．B）They give youngsters a thrill．

　C）They have greatly improved．　D）They are better than comics on film．

2．A）The effectswere very good．　B）The acting was just so-so．

　C）The plotwas too complicated．　D）The characterswere lifelike．

3．A）They triumphed ultimately over evil in the battle．

　B）They played the same role in War of theWorlds．

C）They are popular figures among young people．

　D）They are two leading characters in the film．

Conversation Two

4．A）He likes Sweden better than England．

　B）He prefers hotweather to cold weather．

　C）He is an Englishman living in Sweden．

　D）He visits London nearly every winter．

5．A）The bad weather．　B）The gloomy winter．

　C）The cold houses．　D）The long night．

6．A）Delightful．　B）Painful．　C）Depressing．　D）Refreshing．

7．A）They often stay up late reading．

　B）They work hard and play hard．

　C）They like to go camping in summer．

　D）They try to earn more and spend more．