◆第二章◆ 四级作文的句法
一篇高分的四级作文从句法角度讲一般具有以下特征：无错句或错句极少，表意清晰，用词地道准确。在此基础上，句式多变，善于运用各种地道表达是高分作文最明显的特征。从历年考生的四级作文出错的地方来看，主要涉及以下方面：时态、语态、词性的误用，主谓一致问题，搭配错误，连接词不当，中文式英语等；而将11～14分段作文和8分段的作文相比较，句子差别不仅在于语病的多与少，而且在于语言的优美度和地道性。因此，从句子层面来看，考生不仅应该注意避免出现这样或那样的语病，而且应该学会优化句子，多体会优美的英语句子所呈现出的句法特征并反复模仿和练习写这些句子，提高自己的造句能力。
Exercise one
请改正下列句子中常见的错误。
1．Now he had the capability to leave that planet and move out into the universe to those worldswhich he has known previously．
2．Deciding how much discomfort and risk we are prepared to put up with in the name of better health is a high personalmatter．
3．There aremany people don’t agree．
4．Ifwe can do like this，wewill success in the future．
5．A dormitory often lives 4 students．
6．The fresh water，it is themost important things of the earth．
7．To do well in college，studying hard is essential．
8．Why college students spend more and more time in playing computer games？
9．Now 500 yuan can buy a second-hand computer．
10．The prices of the food are too expensive．
11．I like chatting on line verymuch，Igo to the net bar every weekend．
12．The reason formy sister’s failure is because she hate studying．
13．Toomany tests are disadvantageous for students’study．
14．The driver stoped the taxi so abruply that his head was hit against the window．
15．Some people decide to stop smoking，they don’twant to die of lung cancer．
16．By comparison，nuclear power has some distinct advantages．Such as it is clean and cheap．
17．Although a smile shows happiness in most cultures．In some it may be a sign of embarrassment．
18．In my opinion，Ibelieve the freemedical system is in need of reform．
19．Nowadays young people who seek to go abroad are becomingmore andmore．
20．As is known to all that China has the largest population in theworld．
ExerciseT o
请优化以下句子，使之更加连贯，更加优美。
1．While we reduced the number of vehicles，the speed of traffic can be increased．
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2．People not only want to eat enough food，but also want to eat better．
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3．People try to find a solution to solving the problem．
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4．In class the teacher usually teaches us how to use English usage．
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5．This causes the white pollution to our environment．Plastic bags cannot disappear by natural decompositon．So it is very harmful．
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6．When people’s lives are threatened by firecrackers，they do become unwelcome things．
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7．Those in favor ofuniversitymarriage argue thatwe should give college students the right to getmarried since they are adults．
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8．All this shows one thing，that is，they don’t know the fact that it is not an easy thing for their parents to support their higher education．
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9．Thank you verymuch for the invitation to your wedding．I cannot accept it because…
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10．Teenagers are pressured by school work．They are also encouraged by their peers．So they resort to smoking．Sometimes they feel a little guilty．
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总的来说，一篇好的四级作文必须注意避免写错句，同时多积累优美地道的表达方式（详见附录4），并能够领会不同的表达方式，反复练习体会，逐步提高自己的遣词造句能力。
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