参观古代宫殿

第三十三课　参观古代宫殿

参考译文

◎背景简介

在黄梅的陪同下，布朗先生去郊游，他们参观了古代帝王的宫殿住宅，欣赏那里秀丽的景色，玩得十分愉快。

◎情景会话

1.参观古代帝王的宫殿（1）

H：到了，这里是本市最著名的风景区。

B：多么漂亮的地方啊！群山环绕，绿树成荫。

H：柳暗花明，鸟语花香。

B：我看到了那边那些美丽的建筑物。

H：它们是古代帝王的宫殿和住宅区。

B：多么雄伟的宫殿啊！什么时候建成的呀？

H：这是明朝初期，即15世纪初建成的，占地六万多平方米，包括大小建筑物几十座。

B：虽然是将近600年以前修的，但现在仍然很完好，我真不知道怎么保持得如此完美啊！

2.参观古代帝王的宫殿（2）

H：快过来，看看这两根圆柱吧，圆柱上的两根雕龙看起来栩栩如生。

B：为什么中国大多数古代宫殿建筑上都雕着龙？

H：在我国古代的传说里，龙被认为是一种高贵的神兽，帝王都自称为真龙天子，这是炫耀他们至高无上的权力。

B：这些统治者是当时的风云人物。

H：随着劳动人民的反抗起义，他们都一个个被赶下了历史的舞台。

B：这座精致的庭院显得清雅、安静，我可以拍几张照片吗？我想保存一些古代中国建筑物的照片。

H：当然可以，欢迎拍照。

3.欣赏古代工艺品

H：大厅旁边的长廊里陈列着一些古代的工艺品。

B：我对雕刻很感兴趣，中国的雕刻是很著名的。

H：那儿陈列着各种各样的古代雕刻品，有玉雕、牙雕、竹雕、木雕和各种宝石雕。

B：雕刻得多么精美啊！我能买下一些作纪念品吗？

H：展出品是不出售的，但你可买上些仿制品，仿制品也很精巧，和真的一样。

B：好吧，买一些吧。

4.欣赏小湖奇异的景色

H：你看，公园里湖面上的小船已隐隐在目。

B：那边风景独好，让我们去那儿欣赏这小湖的奇异的景色吧！

H：看，所有的花朵都盛开了，许多游客正沿着湖边散步哩。

B：啊！倒映在湖心的塔影好看极了。多以迷人的地方啊！

H：看那平静如镜的湖水吧！

B：我从未见过这样清澈蔚蓝的湖水，水中盛开的睡莲显得十分美丽动人。

H：我们爬到山上去，从山顶，我们可以把小湖的秀色尽收眼底。

B：啊，从山顶望去，景致十分壮观。

H：山那边有座漂亮的小花园，我们去那里吧。

B：我想去，但有点口渴了。

H：山正顶上有一个酒吧，我们去那儿弄点东西喝吧。

B：那好，去吧！（去酒吧）

◎参考答案

I.Comprehension questions on situational conversation：

1.An ancient king’s palace.

2.At the beginning of the fifteenth century.

3.Dragon was supposed to be a noble and screed animal.So the emperors claimed to be descendants of dragons and sons of heaven.

4.Jade, ivory, bamboo, wood, and various precious stones.

5.No, they can’t, but they can get some imitations.

6.They can go fishing, go boating and do some other things.

7.Yes.He does.

8.The day is really enjoyable.It seems I’ve gone to another world.

9.I think he will because he enjoys the scenery on the top of the mountain.

II.Complete the following dialogues：

1. B：…The mountain is green and the water is clear.Birds sing and flowers give forth their fragrance.

B：…made by a king for his beloved queen.It covers a history of almost 500 years.

A：…Oh.But it is still in excellent conditions, considering its long history.

2.A：…I wonder why there are carved dragons on most ancient buildings in China.

B：…the dragon was supposed to be a noble and sacred animal…

A：…all the ancient kings and emperors claimed to be the descendants of dragons and sons of heaven.

III.Translate the Chinese in the brackets into English, then use them to replace the italicized words or phrases in the sentences：

1.① beautiful place

② attractive place

③ lovely place

④ splendid place

2.① The temple is … by dense willow trees and bright flowers

② The small lake is…by many colleges and other educational institution

③ Junshan Park is surrounded … by water

3.① Look at

② Notice

③ Pay attention to

4.① graceful and calm

② harmonious

③ unique and charming

5.① Would it be possible for me to

② Shall I

③ Could you allow me

6.① The model of this ancient academy

② Some lovely souvenirs

③ Famous works of ancient Chinese artists

④ All kinds of antiques collected by this family

7.① exhibited

② shown

③ presented

IV.Talk with each other about the following questions or topics：

1.A：Use words and expressions that can bring people beautiful imagination.

B：Quote from some poems, verses and other traditional sayings to deepen the impressions on tourists.

C：Never use such expressions as “the West Lake looks like a kidney”.

2.Yes.Because：a.a better service.

b.a requirement of his (her) profession.

c.shows one’s politeness.

3.I agree.It shows the importance of a tour guide’s literature education.If a tour guide wants his guests to enjoy the beauty of the scenic they are in, he must enjoy the scenery himself first.If a tour guide is poetic, he can, of course, guide his tourist to a different world.

4.To a historical scenic spot guide, his main duty is to make his tourists to have a better understanding of the period the spot stands, the important aspects the spot shows, the splendid part of the whole human history.To a revolutionary spot guide, his main responsibility is to make his tourists to know that what our forefathers have done for us, the contribution to the whole world and remind the tourists their obligation.

V.Situational practice：

1.A：Here we are! This is a very famous ancient king’s palace in China.

B：What a lovely place! The air is fresh and sweet, the environment is quiet and peaceful.

C：The courtyard looks so beautiful.I think this is one of the best courtyards I’ve ever seen.When was it built?

A：The palace was built at the beginning of the 16th century.It has a history of more than 400 years.

B：But it is still in excellent conditions, compared to its long history.

A：Yes.And our government tries her best to protect all these buildings.Please look at these two columns at the entrance.The carved dragons on them are lifelike.Aren’t they?

C：Wow! They are to fly away from the column.

B：What are these two columns used? Why there are so many carved dragons on most ancient buildings in China?

A：The two columns are called Huabiao in Chinese.They are symbols of power and authorities.In China, dragon was supposed to be a noble and sacred animal.They were also used to symbol noble and power.The ancient emperors claimed that they were descendants of dragons and the sons of the Heaven.

C：Mr.Lie, there are some small carvings displayed in the windows, they are also very charming.

A：Those are carvings collected by the royal family throughout their time.Many of them are of high value in both art and economy.

A：Now ladies and gentlemen, let’s go out of this gallery and breathe some more fresh air in the park.

B ＆ C：Let’s go…

2.A：Ladies and gentlemen, here we are at our destination.We can’t drive any longer as the mountain is too cliff.We’ll visit the famous Shanghong Pavilion, the ancient Nanshan temple and some famous revolutionary’s tombs as well.Now, please follow me and keep up with the line.

B：Is the Shanghong Pavilion a very beautiful place?

A：You will soon get your own command.It’s the first spot we’ll visit today.And you will see it within five minutes.

B：But where is the pavilion?

A：Please follow me.Walking along these steps, you can smell the grass and flowers, hear the birds and small insects.They’re welcoming your visit.Now, ladies and gentlemen, please look up.Do you see the pretty pavilion above your heads?

B：There.I can see it very clearly, surrounded by so many big green trees.Wow, there are also small waterfalls behind it.What a quiet and lovely place!

A：Those big trees’ leaves will turn red in fall.By then, the valley will look like a splendid garden with numerous red flowers.It’s really a seen-and- unforgettable scene.The only pity is that we come here a little bit early.

B：We can quite imagine that.There are some Chinese characters on both sides of the pavilions.What do they mean?

A：This is called antithetical couplet.There is one sentence on each side, and the two are similar in both part of speeches of the words and the whole sentence structure.The one on this pavilion is a description of the scenery around the pavilion.

B：…

A：Ladies and gentlemen, time is limited.Hurry up.Please come this way.

B：The tombs here are well decorated.The atmosphere is solemn.The environment is quiet.

A：The people who are buried here were famous revolutionaries in history.

B：Can you give us some brief introductions?

A：My pleasure.Please look here.Follow me, please.This is a small but very charming garden.There are some rare followers and funny stone carvings.We may take some pictures here.

B：Let’s go … Mr.Guide.You do a very good job.We are very glad to have been here this time.

3.A：Here is the gallery.Some ancient handicrafts are displayed here.

B：I like Chinese carvings.They are of unique features.

A：Yes.Chinese carvings are of high imagination.It’s different from western carvings which pay more attention to the real situation.

B：There are so many carvings here, what do they make of?

A：There are various kinds of ancient carvings.For example, these are bamboo carvings.Here are wood carvings.And those are jade carvings.They are all of high quality and values.

B：I find very interesting phenomenon, most of the carvings are made of jade.Why?

A：Well.Jade has been cherished by the Chinese as a symbol of many virtues.Its hardness suggests firmness and loyalty, and its luster projects purity and beauty.There are many famous Chinese sayings concerned with jade, such as “Jade is no more than a stone before it is chiseled” which indicates the importance of education.

B：I see! I think it would be over complicated to make a stone into a jade carving.

A：That’s right.A jade carving would have to pass through more than 20 workers before it turns into a jade article.

B：I really love these jade carvings.Could I buy it?

A：Sorry.These exhibits are not for sale.If you really want to have them, you can buy their imitations which are displayed in a shop outside here.

4.A：Mr.Tour guide, what’s wrong? We should have arrived at the restaurant 10 minutes before, but we keep staying here without moving a single step.

B：Sorry.Ladies and gentlemen, we never expected that our car would go wrong.I’m sorry to have made everyone here be in trouble.I hope the driver can fix it up as soon as possible.For our guests, we can have these three choices：first, we stay here waiting till the bus be fixed, for this, I’m not sure how long it will last; second, I’ll go and call our agency, ask them to send us another bus, this will take about an hour before the bus arrives; and third, I wonder if anyone here that knows anything about the automobiles’ reparation can do us a favor—help the driver out of the problem.

A：All these three are not practicable.I’m hungry.I want to have the lunch, but you want us to stay here waiting for something uncertain.

B：I’m sorry, sir.I’ll try my best to enable everyone here to enjoy his lunch, but presently I do hope you can help me.

C：Mr.Guide, I was once a mobile technician.Er … but …but it was long time ago.I’m not sure if I can be of any help.

B：Oh, thank you! Thank you! Mr.… er …

C：Hill.Thomas Hill.

B：Thank you.Thomas Hill.Please come this way.

(Twenty minutes late)

C：Mr.Guide.I think we’ve finished.Shall we go now?

VI.Read and translate the following dialogues：

1.介绍北陵（1）

A：多么美丽而又平静的地方啊！古老的建筑物，耸立在群山的怀抱中。你知道那座建筑物是什么吗？

B：我们来到了北陵公园。这座陵墓叫“昭陵”，人们通常称为“北陵”。清朝的第一个皇帝的父亲皇太极和他的妻子就葬在这里。

A：这个陵园是什么时候修的？

B：陵墓是1643年开始修建的，整个陵寝占地面积16万平方米，这是通往陵墓的石坊。

2.介绍北陵（2）

A：这些石兽有什么意义？

B：嗯，这些石兽有各种不同的含义。比如狮子象征威武，大象象征太平，麒麟象征吉祥。封建帝王用这些石兽显示他们的神圣、威严和不朽。

A：但是事实怎么样？

B：但事实正如毛泽东所说的那样：“粪土当年万户侯”。不朽的并不是皇帝，而是劳动人们创造的业绩。

3.介绍北陵（3）

A：这个亭子里是什么？

B：这是碑亭，里面是神功圣德碑。碑高5.8米，重50吨。上面用汉满两种文字刻着碑文。康熙皇帝修建这个碑，是为了给他祖父皇太极歌功颂德。

A：这么大的一块石板是从哪里运来的呢？

B：是从北京附近的一个大理石矿，完全靠人力运来的。路上走了十多年。

A：什么机器都不用，就把这块石头运来了，真叫人难以想象。

B：封建帝王为满足自己的私欲，竟不顾劳动人民的死活。在搬运石板的过程中，有很多民工由于劳累和饥寒而死去。

4.介绍北陵（4）

A：前面这座楼是什么地方？

B：前面这座楼是隆恩楼。楼那边的隆恩殿，是皇帝们祭祀祖先的地方。我们顺着台阶到城墙上面去吧。

A：城墙的形状看起来像一个月牙。

B：不错，这叫月牙城。月牙的中心就是皇太极的陵墓。墓顶上那棵榆树已经有三百年了。

A：把陵墓保存得这么完整，证明你们对于保护文物古迹所做的工作，一贯很重视。我为这座陵园的景象所惊讶。

5.介绍北陵（5）

A：你愿意到公园各处去看看吗？

B：好的。

A：每逢节日，公园里到处是游人。

B：到这里游园，我看是真不错。

A：的确是这样。不过，如果要知道过去的情况，你就不会这样说了。日本帝国主义占领期间，这里盖了一个狼狗圈，无辜的中国人被扔到圈里，叫狼狗活活地咬死。

B：太残忍了！我想中国人民再也不会容忍这种事情重演了。