(蓬莱阁)

Penglai Pavilion(蓬莱阁)

Ladies and gentlemen，good morning.

Welcome you to China and Penglai，the Fairyland in the World.I will be your local guide during your stay in Penglai.If you have any problems or special interest，please don't hesitate to let me know.I will do my best to make your visit as pleasant as possible.

Today we'll visit the Penglai Pavilion.Before going there，I would like to give you a brief introduction to this place.

With a long history of more than 940 years，the Penglai Pavilion was first built in the Northern Song Dynasty，rebuilt and extended in the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty.Now it covers an area of3280 square meters，of which the building area is 1890 square meters.This magnificent complex consists of more than 100 rooms belonging to the Palaces of the Dragon King and Heavenly Empress，Penglai Pavilion，Sanqing Hall，Hall of the Immortal LüDongbin，and the Amitabha Buddha Temple.Roofed with yellow glazed tiles and decorated with upturned eaves and scarlet doors，these structures，just like all the stars twinkling round the moon，seem at first to be randomly strewn around the Penglai Pavilion，but upon closer viewing blend into one harmonious whole.Antithetical couplets，stone tablets，calligraphies and paintings can be found everywhere in the halls，temples and corridors，such as the original handwriting of the famous Song Dynasty poet，Su Dongpo，and the portrait of LüDongbin，one of the legendary Eight Immortals.Both the handwriting and portrait are carved on the stone.Visitors can enjoy here the well-known cloud lands，such as the Immortals' Pavilion Rising High up in the Air，the Mirage，the Crystal Clear Sea Wave，and the Mists and Cloud around the Lion Cave.The complex combines excellent cultural attractions and natural landscape，where the pavilions and halls are well spaced and the temples and gardens add radiance and beauty to each other.Penglai is famed throughout the world for its red hills，blue seas and clear air.

The Archway of Danya Fairyland

We are now at the Archway of Danya Fairyland.Supported by four pillars，the wooden-structured archway was renovated in the latter half year of 1981.The four Chinese characters“丹崖仙境”(meaning Red Cliff Fair land) was written by Dong Biwu，Vice Chairman，when he visited the Penglai in 1964.The Danya Hill，where the Penglai Pavilion is located，is composed of breccias cemented by red iron oxide.Its reddish brown color and precipitous cliffs give it the name“Danya”，meaning Red Cliff.The Penglai Pavilion is a place where mirage can be seen，so it has long been known as the Fairyland.

Passing through the Archway of Danya Fairyland，we are entering the Fairyland.Well，do you feel as if you have become immortal?

The Palace of the Dragon King

The Place of the Dragon King was first built in the Tang Dynasty.It was then rebuilt and expanded during the Song and Yuan Dynasties.It is divided into three courtyards: the Main Gate，the Front Hall and the Rear Hall.

Now here we are at the palace's Front Hall.The statue in the middle is of Ao Guang，Dragon King of the East Sea，flanked by two Buddhist Doctrine Protectors.In front of them stand on either side eight immortals in charge of wind，rain，thunder，and the like.

Here is the Rear Hall of the palace，or the Dragon King's bedroom.In ancient times when droughts occurred，people came here to pay homage to the dragon king.With willow hats on their heads，then they carried the Dragon Kings's statue while wandering about the streets.Wherever they went，the residents would sprinkle water upon them.It really worked and timely rainfall would soon occur.

The Opera Tower

Now here we are at the Opera Tower.Look ahead，please.There is an antithetical couplet written on the pillars in front of the gate.The first line means that the music played at the tower sounds like immortal's music in heavenly palace and accompanied by the tides in the morning and evening and is spread all over the Penglai Island.The second line means that just when the music and opera begins，the sound goes directly to the three immortal mountains.

On the Goddess of the Sea's birthday，the sixteenth day of the first lunar month of each year，the local fishermen act and perform local Shandong Province operas at the tower.

The Palace of the Heavenly Empress

Coastal people most admire the Heavenly Empress，as she is the protector of seamen and fishermen.According to statistics，the Palace of the Chinese Heavenly Empress can be found in more than 300 countries or cities.The Palace of the Heavenly Empress in Penglai is the largest of its kind in the North of China.It consists of the Front Hall，the Main Hall and the Rear Hall.

This is the Front Hall.There stand two statues of heavenly guards who safeguard the Heavenly Empress.

Here we are at the Main Hall.In the middle of the hall sits the Heavenly Empress，or Goddess of the Sea，flanked by four maidservants.Standing on the two sides are the dragon kings and civil officials.Compared with other Heavenly Empress Palaces，the one in Penglai is quite unusual.This is because the Dragon Kings of the East，West，South and North Seas stand in front of the Heavenly Empress.Do you know the reason? One explanation is that in different dynasties，the Goddess of Sea was conferred on the Heavenly Empress，who controlled all the immortals and monsters in the vastsea.Her jurisdiction was far beyond that of the dragon kings.Asa result，the four dragon kings had to act on her order.Another saying goes that the Heavenly Empress had once subdued the East Sea Dragon King.

This is the Rear Hall，the bedroom of the Heavenly Empress.It was said that she stayed in the east room on odd days and in the west rooms on even days.

The Heavenly Empress's birthday falls on the 23^rd day of the third lunar month，and on that day，people hold a grand worship ceremony honoring the Goddess of Sea.The Qing Emperor Kangxi once prescribed the protocol and sacrificial utensils for offering sacrifices to the Heavenly Empress.The pious men and women far and near spontaneously flock to the Palace of the Heavenly Empress to kneel and worship the Heavenly Empress.

The Penglai Pavilion

Now here we are at the Penglai Pavilion，the chief building of the complex.It is one of the four famous towers in China，of which the other three ones are the Yellow Crane Tower，the Yueyang Tower and the Tengwang Pavilion.

It was first built in the Song Dynasty and then rebuilt and expanded into its present size during subsequent dynasties.Facing south，it is a wooden structured building with upturned eaves and painted rafters，presenting a magnificent view.More than 100 pieces of stone inscriptions from three dynasties are preserved here.Three powerful Chinese characters，“蓬莱阁”，meaning the Penglai Pavilion and written by the famous Qing Dynasty calligrapher，Tie Bao，are inscribed on the horizontal tablet located at the pavilion's north side.There are also stone inscriptions in the handwriting of other well-known historical figures，such as Su Dongpo of the Song Dynasty，Dong Qichang of the Ming Dynasty and Weng Fanggang of the Qing Dynasty.These stone inscriptions give a vivid record of the wonderful sights on the mountains and sing the fascinating pavilion's praises.

The first floor serves as the room for exhibiting the photographs of Party and Government leaders when they visited the Penglai Pavilion.

The second floor reproduces the scene when the Eight Immortals-Tie Guaili，Lan Caihe，He Xiangu，Han Zhongli，Zhang Guolao，LüDongbin，Han Xiangzi and Cao Guojiu-got drunk.Each immortal has a different musical instrument in hand and their expressions，moods and postures also differ.Hence it is said that when the Eight Immortals crossed the sea，each one showed his or her special feats.It is in Penglai that the tale about the Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea took place.One day after attending the Peach Banquet held by Queen Mother of the West，the Eight Immortals came to the East Sea.Traveling on the vast blue sea，each one showed his or her special feats.They were unexpectedly seen by Prince of the Dragon King who wanted to seize the magical instruments in their hands.Then a severe fight took place.They didn't stop fighting until Avalokilesvara(Guanshiyin) came as an intermediator.The magical instruments of the Eight Immortals are all bound up with how ancient people conquered the sea.The staff used by Tie Guaili is an epitome of the canoe and the donkey ridden by Zhang Guolao should be a symbol of raft made of donkey skin.There is another local story about the Eight Immortals.Opposite the Penglai Pavilion lie the Miaodao Isles，which is the site of an ancient convict settlement.It was the rule that food was only provided for 300 persons everyday.However，on the isles there were more than 300 convicts.As a result，some convicts were thrown into the sea.On a stormy night，the convicts rose in rebellion.Only eight of them succeeded in landing on Penglai.Since the convicts used just simple and crude canoes and wooden basins to cross the sea，the people living around Penglai could not believe these eight escaped convicts were ordinary men.They instead suspected that they were immortals.This is how the legendary tale about the Eight Immortals began to spread.

Look.The table and chair over there are called Eight Immortals table and chair.You can have a seat and this way enjoy a bit of contact with the immortals.

This is also a famous place for enjoying mirages.A mirage is a natural phenomenon produced by hot air conditions，causing light to be refracted and reflected in the atmosphere.Penglai is a place where warm and cold sea currents meet.When cold current over lays warm current，the temperature of the lower atmosphere is high at the upside and low at the downside，while the air density of the lower atmosphere is low at the upside and high at the downside.This causes the ocean's surface to become very stable and smooth.Being refracted by light，the mirage is formed on the surface.Mirages usually occur from the beginning of Spring through the autumn after it clears up following a rainstorm，when there are clouds and mist near the water's surface along with a light breeze.A mirage can bring good luck，but can only be seen by chance，not on purpose.Indeed，many people who live around Penglai have never had the good fortune to see a mirage.

The Wind Shelter Pavilion

Originally called the Mirage Pavilion，the Wind Shelter Pavilion was built in the Ming Dynasty.Standing on the mountain peak and facing the sea，the pavilion stays absolutely still even when the wind is blowing violently.

One explanation for this stillness in the face of heavy winds is that the pavilion once saved a valuable pearl taking shelter from the wind.However，the actual reason rests with its unique architectural layout，which ingeniously combined human building techniques and the place's natural physical environment.North of the pavilion is a low tooth-like wall，whose outer wall is arc-shaped.The wind rising from the sea ascends immediately and rapidly along the arc-shaped wall，overflies the eaves and runs southward，preventing it from entering the pavilion.

Below the pavilion is an irregular natural cave，several meters above the water，14 meters deep and 2 meters wide.The cave is named“Lion Cave”because of the huge rock shaped like a crouching lion standing at the mouth of the cave.In the rainy season，the humid and hot air which enters the cave is cooled and coagulated into mist.Then the mists float out of the cave repeatedly，now visible and now hidden，which is called the Mists and Clouds around the Lion Cave.It is one of Penglai's top ten views.

The Billows-viewing Pavilion

Standing on Danya Hill and overlooking the sea，the Billows-viewing Pavilion is the best place for viewing the sea.In particular，if you view the sea when the wind has subsided and the waves have calmed down，you will find it vast and boundless.The sea is merged into the sky in the distance and the ripples stay static，giving you a sense of relaxation and happiness.When the spring tide appears，the muddy waves almost seem to reach the sky as they crash heavily on the rugged shore.

The LüDongbin Immortal Hall

The LüDongbin Immortal Hallwas the place for offering sacrifices to LüDongbin，one of the eight immortals.The fairy tale about Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea has long been widely spread.Why was there only a hall built for LüDongbin? The reason is that LüDongbin was esteemed as one of the five founders of the Complete Unity Sect of Taoism，one of the twomajor sects of Taoism.

The Sanqing Hall

Enshrined in themain hall are three founders of Taoism.They are the Gods of Yuqing Yuanshi，Shangqing Lingbao and Taiqing Daode.Taoism is the only major religion that came exclusively from Chinese roots and grew to maturity in Chinese soil.These three gods are therefore widely known throughout China.

The Water Fortress

There are two cities in Penglai.One is the city of Penglai.Do you know where the other one is? Well，the other one is just in front of us.It is the Water Fortress.

With an average height of 2meters，a width of 8 meters and a perimeter of 2，200 meters，the Water Fortress is a complete and well-knit defense system composed of a water area，city walls，water gates，forts，marinas，lighthouses and seawalls.Only two gates were opened for military purposes.One of them is the South Gate，also known as the Zhenyang Gate，which connected the Water Fortress to land roads; the other is the North Gate，also known as the Water Gate，a key point to the sea，where there is a sluice.The long but narrow water area divides the city into the west section and the east section.In the Ming and Qing dynasties，it was the place where the navy was stationed and underwent training.North of the fortress，the Lighthouse stands high in the air，providing a good observation post for overlooking the sea and observing any enemy warships.Two water gate forts dominate the nearby sea.It was here where Qi Jiguang，a famous Ming Dynasty national hero and an anti-Japanese general，once led his army to beat the Japanese pirates.

All right，we have finished the tour of the Penglai Pavilion.Does anyone have any questions? No?Well，then I will give you thirty minutes to look around and take some pictures.If you have any questions，please feel free to let me know.

Well，my introduction is over.I hope my service is satisfying.Thank you for your cooperation.I hope that I can become your guide next time.Have a good journey.

各位朋友:

早上好，欢迎来到人间仙境蓬莱。我是大家蓬莱之旅的导游，如果您有任何问题或者特别的兴趣，请告诉我，我会尽全力使您的旅行愉快。今天我们将要参观的是蓬莱阁。

首先，我简要地给大家介绍一下蓬莱阁的情况。

蓬莱阁创建于北宋嘉祐六年(公元1061年)，至今有近940多年的历史。经过明清两代不断扩建和改建，现在蓬莱阁占地面积已达约3280平方米，建筑面积约1890平方米。这一宏伟壮丽的建筑群包括龙王宫、天后宫、蓬莱阁、三清殿、吕祖殿、弥陀寺六个单元，共100多间。这些飞檐走壁、黄瓦朱门的建筑，像众星捧月般簇拥在主阁周围，高低错落，浑然一体。各殿宇廊壁之间，楹联、碑文和名人字画比比皆是，其中有宋朝著名诗人苏东坡的手迹、神话传说中八仙之一吕洞宾的石刻肖像、爱国将领冯玉祥所题“碧海丹心”等。在这里可以观赏到著名的“十大仙景”，那就是:仙阁凌空、海市蜃楼、万里澄波、狮洞烟云、鱼梁歌约，万斛珠玑、日出扶桑、晚潮新月、漏天银雨、铜井含灵。整个古建筑群，楼台殿阁分布得体，寺庙园林交相辉映，融人文景观与自然风光于一体，山丹海碧，清风宜人，成为名扬四海的游览区。

丹崖仙境坊

这座四柱三间式木结构牌坊，原来叫丹崖仙境坊，清光绪年末被毁坏，民国初年修复后改为现名。后又被毁坏，这是1981年下半年修复的。“丹崖仙境”四个字，是董必武副主席1964年来蓬莱阁时题写的。因为蓬莱阁坐落在丹崖山上，山体由红色氧化铁胶结的角砾状石英构成，呈红褐色，又因岩壁陡峭直立，故称“丹崖”。蓬莱阁因有海市，素有“仙境”之称，过了这丹崖仙境坊，我们便进入仙境了，大家有没有成仙的感觉呢?

龙王宫

龙王宫初建于唐朝，后在宋、元又有扩建。龙王宫包括山门、前殿和后殿的三重院落。

这里是龙王宫的前殿，东西两侧各塑有海中护法一尊，东为定海将军，西为镇海将军，各持法宝，护卫着正殿中的东海龙王敖广，两侧塑有八名站官，右边第一位是巡海夜叉，第二位是千里眼，第三位是电母，第四位是雷公，左边第一位是赶鱼郎，第二位是顺风耳，第三位是风婆，第四位是雨伯。

这里是龙王宫的后殿，也是龙王的寝殿。过去这里有龙王的木质雕像和龙王出行的步辇、仪仗，那是人们为了求雨而设的。古时遇上大旱，人们便到这里顶礼膜拜，然后头戴柳条帽高呼“求大雨、求大雨”，抬着龙王雕像走街串巷，走到哪里，两边住户都要端水泼洒。人们求雨说来也十分有趣，若酷暑大旱，屡求不应，人们便把龙王爷抬到烈日下暴晒，直到龙王爷满头大汗时为止，不久便会普降甘霖，而且这个方法百试百灵，在当地广为流传。

戏楼

这里是戏楼。请看戏楼两侧台柱上的对联，上联为“乐奏钧天，潮汐声中喧岛屿”，意思是这戏楼上演奏的音乐像天宫仙乐一样，伴着早潮晚潮的声音响遍蓬莱仙岛;下联为“宫开碣石，笙歌队里砌蓬莱”，是说戏台上的音乐戏曲一开始，演奏队伍的乐声便直通到三神山。

每逢正月十六海神娘娘生日，当地渔民都要在此唱戏，所演的剧均为山东地方戏。

天后宫

天后是海上生产作业的保护神，是沿海地区民间最崇拜的神。据不完全统计，我国有300多个县市建有天后宫，蓬莱阁的天后宫是我国北方最大的天后宫之一，共分前殿、正殿、后殿。

这是天后宫的前殿，也叫马殿。这两尊塑像东为嘉应，西为嘉祐，是保护天后的神将。传说他们原是莆田湄洲的妖怪，后被天后降伏，跟随天后左右做护法神将。

这是天后宫的正殿。正中端坐的就是天后海神娘娘，旁有四名侍女，东西两侧各有四名站官。东边四位分别是东海龙王、南海龙王、传达天帝旨意的文官和手持万法归宗的文官，如果海中鱼鳖虾蟹兴风作浪，他都记在上面，属于哪个海的就交给哪个海龙王处置。西侧分别为西海龙王、北海龙王、手持环海司命传达海神娘娘旨意的文官和手持印章管理行文盖章的文官。

这是天后宫的后殿，是天后的卧室，东西两间设有窗幔被褥、梳洗工具。每天有专人负责打洗脸水、洒扫卧室、叠放卧具、焚香敬茶。据说海神娘娘单日住东间，双日住西间。

人们对海神娘娘的崇拜平时尚且如此，到农历三月二十三她生日这天更为隆重。清代康熙皇帝曾规定祭祀天后的规格和使用的祭器。在民间，善男信女自发从四面八方涌向天后宫，妇女献上精心绣制的花鞋、幔帐，男人们则焚香烧纸、顶礼膜拜，船家或渔行也以此还所许之愿，唱戏酬神。

蓬莱阁

现在大家所看到的就是蓬莱阁了。它与黄鹤楼、岳阳楼、滕王阁并称我国四大名楼。

蓬莱阁始建于宋代，历代均有整修，才有如今规模。你看这座坐北朝南的木结构建筑，气势恢弘、飞檐八角，真是画栋飞云、竹帘卷雨。阁内布满了三朝石刻100余片，阁北高悬金字横匾“蓬莱阁”三个雄浑大字，是清代书法家铁保手书。还有为我们所熟悉的宋代苏东坡、明代董其昌、清代翁方纲等书法家的手迹。这些碑文石刻生动地记载了海山奇观，讴歌了仙阁胜境。

一楼现为党和国家领导人游览蓬莱阁的影像资料展示。

二楼是八仙醉酒的场景再现，依次为铁拐李、蓝采和、何仙姑、汉钟离、张果老、吕洞宾、韩湘子、曹国舅。他们形态各异，手中有不同的法器，八仙过海的传说发源于此。传说某年某月某日，八仙赴完王娘娘的蟠桃会后，乘着酒兴来到东海，八人各显神通，游在万顷碧海上，不想被龙太子发现，欲夺八仙宝物，于是发生大战。后来观音从中调解，双方才各自罢兵。八仙的法物和古代人征服海洋有关，拐就是独木舟的缩影，张果老的驴应是驴皮筏子。其实八仙的传说在当地另有说法。蓬莱阁对面是庙岛群岛，在古代是流放犯人的地方。这里有一个规定，每日限供三百人口粮，但岛上收容犯人却不限于此。人多口粮不足，禁卒便将一部分犯人投入大海。传说在一个暴雨的夜晚，犯人发生暴动，但只有八人登上蓬莱，蓬莱人发现他们所用的泅渡工具只是独木舟、木盆等简陋的工具，感到不可思议，疑心他们是神仙，所以能泅渡茫茫大海。自此以后，八仙的故事开始流传开来。

旁边的八仙桌椅大家不妨坐一坐，沾一沾仙气。

这里还是海市蜃楼的著名观赏地。海市蜃楼是在一定条件下，光线在大气中经过折射和反射形成的一种自然现象。蓬莱地处暖寒流交汇之处，当寒流覆盖暖流之上时，低层空气出现上暖下冷的逆温现象，使空气密度上疏下密、判别显著，形成较为稳定的面，通过光线折射和全反射，形成海市蜃楼。海市蜃楼在春夏、夏秋之交，雨过天晴，海面上还有云雾时，若微风刮起便有可能出现。海市蜃楼是可遇而不可求的，即使蓬莱本地人也有没见过的。

避风亭

这座亭子叫避风亭，原名海市亭，明正德八年(公元1513年)知府严泰修建。亭子高踞山巅，面临大海，但任凭室外狂风怒吼，亭内却是烛火依旧。

过去人们传说这里有避风珠，但实际原因却在于它那独特的建筑结构，可以说是人工建筑与自然环境的一种巧妙结合。亭子北前方是一齿状矮城墙，外壁呈弧形，海风由海面吹来时随即由弧形墙壁急剧上升、飞越屋檐、向南而去，亭内便无风可进了。亭的东西南三面墙壁，恰成气流死角，空气不能对流，因此，尽管海风呼啸，门窗洞开，亭内却烛火不惊。

避风亭下有一形状不规则的天然石洞。高出水面数米，深约14米、宽约2米。洞口有一巨石，状如狮子伏卧，故名“狮子洞”。洞内旧有仙人像五尊，故又名“仙人洞”。岩洞处于石英岩层中断发育，石岩层为大小不一的角砾状，洞壁凹凸不平，系受构造积压所致，经海水长期冲蚀成洞。雨季时湿热空气进入洞内，受冷凝结成雾气，随之对流出洞外，烟云屡屡，缥缈虚幻，故有“狮洞烟云”之说，被列为蓬莱十景之一。

观澜亭

观澜亭足踏丹崖，俯视大海，亭前毫无遮拦，是亭上观海的最佳去处。风平浪静时，在此观海，茫茫无垠，海天一色，涟漪不动，令人心旷神怡。要是赶上大潮汛，则见浊浪排空，惊涛拍岸，大有钱塘涨潮的气势。

吕祖殿

吕祖殿是祭祀八仙之一吕洞宾的地方。八仙过海的故事，在这里流传很广，为什么单单建了一个吕祖殿，独尊吕洞宾呢?据说王重阳创立全真派，并到登州等地传道，所以蓬莱道教就是王重阳及其徒弟丘处机所传。全真派称吕洞宾为“北五祖”之一，元代吕洞宾曾被封为“纯阳帝君”，蓬莱的道士们自然要在道教集中的蓬莱阁上给吕洞宾一席之地的特殊待遇了。

三清宫

正殿内祭祀的就是三位道家始祖。中间的一位是玉清原始天尊，手拿元珠，象征洪元时代;东边是上清灵宝天尊，手持太极图，象征混元时代;西边是太清道德天尊，手摇扇子，象征太初时代。道教是我国四大宗教之一，是中国唯一土生土长的宗教，所以这三位神仙可以称得上是家喻户晓了。

登州水城

蓬莱有两座城，一座是蓬莱城，另一座在哪里呢?其实它就在我们眼前。看，那就是登州水城。

水城平均高度约2米、宽8米，周长共2200米。它由小海、城墙、水门、炮台、敌台、码头、灯楼、平浪台、放浪坝等组成一个完整严密的防御体系，攻守兼备。出于军事需要，水城仅开两门，南门叫振杨门，俗称土门，与陆路相通;北门叫水门，奠基海中，是入海咽喉，并设有栅栏，控制船只出入--平时闸门高悬，船只出入无阻;有事时则放闸入水，切断海上通道。小海是城北门的一片水城，呈窄长形，南北655米，将城分为东西两半。城北灯楼凌空屹立，俯瞰大海，原有导航设备，并可在上观察敌情。水门设有两座炮台，分列东西，护卫犄角，控制着附近海面。明清两代在此驻扎水师、停泊战舰、出哨巡洋，成为边防要塞。当年著名民族英雄、抗倭将领戚继光，就曾率领着他的戚家军在这里操练水师，抗击倭寇。

好的，蓬莱的游览到这里就要结束，如果大家没有什么疑问的话，给大家半个小时的自由活动时间，大家可以在这里尽情地拍照留念。

各位朋友，我的讲解到这里就结束了，希望我的讲解能给您带来快乐，谢谢您的合作，希望有机会再次为您服务。祝您旅途愉快。