Location and landscape 地理地貌
Guangzhou-known historically as Canton or Kwangchow-is the capital and the largest city of the Guangdong province. As one of the five National Central Cities,
it holds sub-provincial administrative status.Located on the Pearl River, about 120 km northwest of Hong Kong and northeast of Macau, Guangzhou is a key national transportation hub and trading port.
广州简称穗，别称羊城、穗城、花城等。广州是广东省省会、国家五大中心城市之一、副省级城市。广州地处华南，珠江三角洲北缘，隔海与香港、澳门特别行政区相望，地理位置优越，是我国重要的交通枢纽和贸易港口，被誉为中国的“南大门”。
Located in the south-central portion of Guangdong, the city is part of the Pearl River Delta and the city centre is situated next to the Baiyun Mountain, which is locally referred to as"the lung of the city”. The total area under the city's administration is 7，434.3 square kilometers, with the 10 districts occupying 3，843.43 square kilometers, or 51.7%of the total, while the two county-level cities occupy the rest.The elevation of the prefecture generally increases from southwest to northeast, with mountains forming the backbone of the city,and the ocean comprising the front.
广州位于广东省中南部，珠江三角洲北缘，地势东北高、西南低。东北部为中低山地，市中心位于被称为“市肺”的白云山；中部为丘陵盆地；南部为沿海冲积平原。广州城市总面积为7434.3平方公里，其中市辖10区面积为3843.3平方千米，占全市总面积的51.7%；2个县级市面积为3590.97平方千米，占48.3%。
Climate 气候
Guangzhou spans from 112°57'to 114°03'E longitude and 22°26'to 23°56'N latitude. Located just in the south of the Tropic of Cancer, Guangzhou has a humid subtropical climate influenced by the East Asian monsoon.Summers are wet with high temperatures, high humidity and a high heat index.Winters are mild and comparatively dry.Guangzhou has a lengthy monsoon season, spanning from April through September.Monthly temperature averages range from 13.6℃ in January to 28.6℃ in July, while the annual mean is 22.6℃, the relative humidity is approximately 77%，whereas annual rainfall in the metropolitan area is over 1，700 mm.Extreme temperatures have ranged from-0.3℃ to 39.1℃.The last recorded snowfall in the city was in January 1893.
广州位于广东省东南部，地处亚热带沿海，北回归线从中南部穿过，属于海洋性亚热带季风气候，夏季高温多雨，冬季温和干燥。广州季风季节从四月持续到九月，全年平均气温约为22℃，相对湿度较大，市区年降水量超过1700毫米。历史极端最低气温为-0.3摄氏度，历史极端最高气温为39.1摄氏度。据记载，广州上次降雪出现在1893年1月份。
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