教师资格证《英文稿件介绍》第二节

1. 第一节　应用文

应用文各档次的给分范围和要求：

教师阅卷时的评分原则：

1. 本题总分15分，按4个档次给分。

2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以档次的要求来衡量，确定或降低档次，最后给分。

3. 评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否准确。

4. 拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可以接受。

5. 词数少于50，从总分中减去1分。

2016年高考真题

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：

1. 该人物是谁；

2. 该人物的主要贡献；

3. 该人物对你的影响。

注意：

1. 词数不少于50；

2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

Yours,
Li Hua

【分析】

第一节的应用文写作要求考生以邮件的方式完成题目规定的写作任务，实现写作目的。与往年相比，2016年的试题具有以下特点：

1. 任务小且具体，试题要求明确

本题对考生完成写作所需要的词汇、句式等要求均比较基础，有利于考生顺利完成写作任务；同时，试题设计强调语言在实际运用中的交际功能，体现了语言在交流中的桥梁作用。

2. 提供思维空间，赋予提升契机

本题采用考生熟悉的应用文形式，题目中规定了写作任务的范围，但是对于写作的内容并未一一罗列，需要考生展开积极、富有逻辑的联想来完成写作任务，为不同水平的考生提供了充分的发散空间，充分体现了试题的开放性和选拔性。

3. 弘扬传统文化，传播中国声音

本题的写作任务以中国文化在世界的传播为背景，鼓励学生“讲好中国故事，传播中国声音”，有利于培养考生的爱国主义情怀。

例文分析

考场一档例文（13分—15分）

Dear Jim,

How is everything going? Hopefully all in fine. I am more than glad to know that you become fairly interested in Chinese history. In your last email, you asked me about my favorite person in Chinese history. Now I am writing to introduce my hero, Qu Yuan, to you.

Qu Yuan, a poet, served as an official in his beloved motherland, Chu, 2,000 years ago. It was an extraordinary period of time when fierce wars between countries took place. What impresses me about him is the endless contributions he made to saving his country from being invaded. He bravely urged the ruler of his country not to abandon the country and its people. He also expressed his everlasting love for his country in his poems which became the remarkable literary treasure of his day. On hearing the news of his country being conquered by invaders, he chose to commit suicide.

It is Qu Yuan who teaches me the first lesson on patriotism and the responsibility one must shoulder to protect one's own country and people. In fact, I can tell you more about him in the future. And I do hope that you could find your hero in your study of Chinese history and I will be waiting for your story of your hero.

Yours,
Li Hua

评语：

本文内容要点完整，细节添加恰当，条理清楚、过渡自然、交际得体，语言表达流畅，全面完成了试题规定的任务。虽然在表达中尚有不尽完美之处，但是全文充分体现了考生较强的语言运用能力。

考场二档例文（9分—12分）

Dear Jim,

I'm glad that you are interested in Chinese history. As you asked my favorite person in history, I'd like to introduce you Du Fu. Du Fu is one of the most famous writters in China. He lived in Tang Dynasty. He was famous for his poems. Reading his poems, you can learned how people lived at that time and how Tang Dynasty turned weak. That is why his poems was called as “Poem of history”.

Learning his poems, I'm touched by his love to the human, and his loyalty to the country. I understand what makes one's life meaningful is not what he got but what he gives.

Du Fu is my favorite person in history. I believe you will be attracted by him, too.

Yours,
Li Hua

评语：

本文内容要点完整，条理清晰，交际得体，但是考生语言基本功不够扎实，文中存在一些较为明显的语法与拼写错误，如“can learned”应为“can learn”，“his poems was called”应为“his poems are called”，“writters” 应为“writers”等，但这些错误均不影响理解，考生基本完成了试题规定的任务。

考场一档作文欣赏1：

Dear Jim,

How is everything going? I am excited to know that you have great interest in Chinese history and I am writing to introduce one of my favorite characters to you.

His name is Lu Xun. As a matter of fact, he is one of the most famous novelists in China, and he was a great teacher as well. He witnessed the changes of China during the early 20th century and reflected a lot.

As a brave Chinese, he used his pen as a weapon to reveal the darkness of the society, with his novels, he inspired the youth to rediscover the importance of distinguishing the right and the wrong, justice and evil. It was his compositions that helped Chinese people to find a purpose and fight for freedom.

Having read many of his books, I was greatly inspired by his wisdom. I started to gain the ability of independent thinking. So I can follow my heart instead of following others when facing difficulties. Besides, I was inspired to write my own novels and it turned out to be a success.

So, this is my sharing of Lu Xun, and I'm looking forward to your reply. (190)

Yours,
Li Hua

2. 第二节　情景作文

情景作文各档次的给分范围和要求：

教师阅卷时的评分原则：

1. 本题总分为20分，按5个档次给分。

2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。

3. 评分时应考虑：内容要点的完整性、上下文的连贯、词汇和句式的多样性及语言的准确性。

4. 拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。

5. 词数少于60，从总分中减去1分。

2016年高考真题

假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华。你班同学参加了学校的“地球日”系列活动。请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序，以“Actions for a Greener Earth”为题，给校刊《英语角》写一篇英文稿件，介绍活动的全过程。

注意：词数不少于60。

提示词：地球日Earth Day

【分析】

本题重点考查考生用英语叙事的能力，试题中为考生提供了三个部分的提示：中文文字说明、图画和提示词。考生应当根据这三项提示完成一篇覆盖各图要点、有适当细节支撑、内容连贯、语言准确的短文。与往年相比，2016年的试题具有如下特点：

1. 熟悉的体裁和题型

校刊投稿是考生比较熟悉的写作体裁之一，考生在英语学习的过程中都有过类似的写作经历。另外，考生对看图作文也不陌生，这就使考生能够较有自信地完成试题规定的任务，有利于考生发挥自身真实的语言水平。

2. 清晰的说明与提示

试题的文字说明简明扼要地介绍了写作任务的所有重要信息：作者的身份、写作目的、写作体裁、作文内容以及内容要点出现的顺序。试题插图生动明了，很好地展示了写作所需要的细节（各幅图中的物品、人物以及图中人物的动作、表情等），并且使用阿拉伯数字在每幅图的显著位置标注了先后顺序，以确保考生能够按顺序描述事情的整个过程。

3. 注重语言工具性与人文主题

写作任务以“地球日”活动为背景，要求考生通过写稿件的方式，讲述如何采取实际行动，变废为宝，并深入社区进行活动宣传的过程，要求考生运用英语完成真实的交际任务，很好地体现了语言的工具性；与此同时，写作内容有利于引导考生培养环保意识、创新精神、动手实践能力及组织策划能力，增强考生的社会责任感，使考生在考试的同时也受到了一次潜移默化的正面影响。

4. 良好的区分度

试题的难度控制较好，没有涉及任何难度较大的句式与词汇，有利于考生完成写作任务。但要准确且高质量地完成任务，达到评分标准中的一、二档文的要求，则需要具备较扎实的语言功底和表达能力。总之，由于试题考虑了不同水平考生的表达能力，提供了丰富的细节内容，使所有考生都能在各自能力范围之内完成写作任务。

例文分析

考场一档例文（18分—20分）

Our class have participated in our school's Earth Day series activities, which is a memorable and rewarding experience.

We noticed a poster on bulletin board calling on students to do what they can (could) for the impending (coming) Earth Day last Monday. The poster recommended teachers and students to “rediscover the value of rubbish”. It lighted our passion, and instantly we rushed into action.

We collected and brought to school empty bottles, scraps of cloth and used wrapping paper. With a little bit of our creativity and handcraft, we made soothing new out of those materials. Some sewed pieces of cloth together to make bags and small but cute dolls; some glued cardboards for tissue boxes; some（删除）others transformed used bottles into beautiful pots and vases for flowers. It was amazing!

Having made enough gadgets (stuff/things), we held a demonstration in a nearby community over the weekend, where we gave out the small objects (handcraft products) that we had made and spread out messages for the protection of the Earth. Residents of all ages came and everyone enjoyed the show every much.

When we were back to school, our monitor was invited to give a presentation to all students of the school, sharing our DIY experience.

Through this experience we have learned that we can make our earth a healthier and better place with our simple deeds in our daily life. (227)

评语：

本文要点完整，细节添加适当，运用了多样的句式和丰富的词汇（如memorable and rewarding experience, rush into action等）。文章不仅有效地使用了句子衔接手法（如使用：last Monday, over the weekend, when 等），还特别注重句子间内容的紧密联系（如第二段的最后一句“we rush into action”是对第二段内容的概括描述，而第三段中则将第二段中的“rediscovery the value of rubbish”做了较为具体的描述），这种叙述方法使篇章内容条理清晰，层次分明，形象生动。每幅图的描述都将概括与细节相结合，内容连贯，结构紧凑，全面完成了试题规定的任务，体现了考生较强的语言运用能力。

考场二档例文（15分—17分）

Last Friday, my classmates and I noticed a poster on the wall near the school gate, which let us to do something for a greener earth.

After some heated discussion, we decided to turn the rubbish into something useful. All of us got down to work. Some were busy using the worn-out clothes to make beautiful dolls, while others were concentrated on making decorative vases by some plastic bottles.

Right after that, we gave our handicrafts to the people living in the nearby communities. They loved our gifts and gave us thumb-ups to encourage us.

Then, I represented our class to introduce our work in the school auditorium. We hoped our action can let everyone be aware of the importance of protecting the environment.

During this experience, I learnt that it's everyone's responsibility to devote his effort to make our earth a better place to live on. (147)

评语：

本文覆盖了所有内容要点，考生在写作过程中运用的句式与词汇能够满足写作任务的要求，达到了写作的目的。文中运用了简单的语句连接，所写内容较连贯。语法与用词基本准确，在表述更丰富的内容时有少许错误和表述不恰当的地方（如第一段中“let us to do”属于语法错误，第二段中“the rubbish” 属于指代不明确，“concentrate”属于用法不正确等）。但本文还是完全完成了试题规定的写作任务，达到了预期的写作目的。

考场三档例文（12分—14分）

Last week our school held an activity called “Action for a Greener Earth”. As our classmates and I saw the post, we all had a strong passion to take part in it.

First, we prepared many unuseful things in the classroom. Some students used them to be new and useful. Others moved new products in the desk. After then, we held a market to sell these things for neighbors. Our market attracted many people to come. And they all said our product was well and useful. As we sold things we also taught them about how to protect the earth and how can use the old things.

In the end of activity, our teacher held a meeting to praise our actions. And showed our products to others.

From this activity, I learn that it's important for us to protect our earth. And we can do anything for it is we can, because little people can make a big difference. (159)

评语：

本文覆盖了内容要点，基本完成了试题规定的任务。运用的句式和词汇基本表达了写作观点。但文中对第二幅图的描写不够充分，虽然提及一些细节但是对于此图的要点支撑作用不明显，缺乏衔接。同时文中还存在一些语言错误（如第二段中“used them to be new”“unuseful”属于用法错误，以及“held a market to sell these things for neighbors”属于搭配不当及介词错误，第三段中出现了不完整的句子），这些问题从一个侧面反映出考生对语言的实际运用能力还有待提高，但这些错误并不影响对篇章内容的整体理解。