(1)It is necessary(important, natural, strange, surprising...)that...例如:
It is necessary that he be sent to hospital at once. 他有必要被立刻送往医院。
It is strange that she should marry such a poor man. 她竟然嫁给这样一个穷光蛋,真是太奇怪了。
【考例】 It is necessary that a college student_______at least a foreign language.
A. masters
B. should master
C. mastered
D. will master
【答案】 B
【解析】 It is necessary that...结构中主语从句通常用虚拟语气,谓语动词使用“(should)+动词原形”形式。
(2)It is suggested (desired, decided, ordered, requested, proposed...) that...例如:
It has been decided that the meeting be put off till next Saturday. 会议被决定推迟到下星期六举行。
It is suggested that you (should) spend more time in English. 你应该把更多的时间用于英语学习。
(1)在某些动词后的宾语从句中,使用“(should)+动词原形”。常见的动词有:一个坚持(insist);两个命令(order, command);三条建议(advise, suggest, propose);四项要求(demand, require, request, ask)。
【考例】 Teachers recommend parents_______their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.(2010福建卷)
A. not allow
B. do not allow
C. mustn't allow
D. couldn't allow
【答案】 A
【解析】 recommend(意为“建议”)后接宾语从句时,从句中应使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”形式。句意为:出于安全考虑,老师建议父母不要让12岁以下的孩子骑自行车去学校。
【考例】 Jane's pale face suggested that she_______ill, and her parents suggested that she_______a medical examination.
A. be; should have
B. was; have
C. should be; had
D. was; has
【答案】 B
【解析】 suggest意为“建议”时,其后的宾语从句中应使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”,但当其意为“暗示,表明”时,其后不用虚拟语气。本题第一个suggest意为“表明”,第二个suggest意为“建议”。另外,insist作“坚持(应该)”解时,宾语从句用虚拟语气;作“力言,坚持(认为)”解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气。例如:
Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything. 迈克坚持说自己从来没偷过任何东西。(非虚拟语气)
We insisted that she (should) go with us. 我们坚持她(应该)跟我们走。(虚拟语气)
(2)wish后宾语从句中的谓语动词有三种形式:对现在的虚拟,用过去时;对过去的虚拟,用过去完成时;对将来的虚拟,用“would / should+动词原形”形式。
【考例】 I wish I_______at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.(2015天津卷)
A. will be
B. would be
C. have been
D. had been
【答案】 D
【解析】 句意为:我希望上星期二我参加了姐姐的婚礼,但是那时我正在纽约出差。wish后的宾语从句中应使用虚拟语气。根据句意可知这是对过去的虚拟,故宾语从句中应使用过去完成时表示对过去的后悔和遗憾。
某些表示“建议”“计划”“命令”的名词(如advice, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request等)后的同位语从句和表语从句中的谓语动词常用“(should)+动词原形”形式。例如:
We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing. 我们都同意他的到北京旅游观光的建议。
My advice is that he do exercises first. 我的建议是他应该先做练习。
【考例】 We should consider the students'request_______the school library provide more books on popular science.(2009重庆卷)
A. that
B. when
C. which
D. where
【答案】 A
【解析】 request是表示“请求,建议”类的名词,其后的同位语从句中使用虚拟语气,本题中从句的谓语动词使用了动词原形,同位语从句中不缺少任何成分,故选用that引导。
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