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记叙文(一)

时间:2023-02-25 理论教育 版权反馈
【摘要】:根据下文线索I hope I did the right thin, Mom以及I saw a ca, all bloody可知,作者的女儿艾丽斯很担心小猫的生命安全,所以正确答案为_____。根据上文线索was asked to make payment以及下文线索I had to pay the bill可知,艾丽斯被要求立刻缴纳小猫的治疗费,所以正确答案为_____。因为一直没有找到小猫的主人,所以“我”的心情应该是感到焦虑,正确答案为_____。

[学习建议:第5天完成]

作者讲解

Section 1:体裁解读

问:记叙文的解题关键是什么?

答:记叙文主要是通过记叙生活中的人、事、景、物等来表达作者的思想,抒发作者的某种情感。

近几年的高考完形填空题中的记叙文主要以记人和叙事为主,如幽默故事、励志故事等。

解答记叙文体的完形填空时,应着重把握以下几点:

第一,明确作者的写作主题。高考完形填空记叙文的典型特点是“先抑后扬”,即开始的时候讲述不如意的事,但结局很美好。

第二,了解文章的写作顺序。通常记叙文按照时间先后顺序或空间顺序等来安排情节和内容,但有时候也会采用插叙、倒叙的写作手法。

第三,抓住记叙文的六大要素,即时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)和结果(result)。弄清了这六个要素,基本上就理解了整篇文章。

Section 2:真题再现

When Alice was sixtee, I was the one who wanted to run away from home. It was 1 to see the changes coming over her. She skipped schoo, and refused to communicate. I tried being fir, but it didn't 2 . I saw a dark future for my once sweet daughter.

文章大意:

本文讲述了作者对于处于叛逆期的女儿很是头疼,但通过女儿救助小猫的事看到女儿是善良的,是个好女孩。

1. A. pleasant B. painful C. unwise D. inspiring

2. A. remain B. match C. appear D. work

解析:

1. 选项翻译:A. 开心的;B. 痛苦的;C. 不明智的;D. 令人鼓舞的

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据上文线索I was the one who wanted to run away from home和下文线索I saw a dark future for my once sweet daughter可知,看到女儿叛逆期的变化,“我”是十分痛苦的,所以正确答案为_____。(答案在Part A部分的最后,下同。)

2. 选项翻译:A. 保持;B. 匹配;C. 出现;D. 工作;起作用

解题分析:考查转折逻辑关系。根据上文线索I tried being fir, but可知,前后为转折逻辑关系,句意为“我尝试变得强硬,但不起作用”,所以正确答案为_____。

One school day Alice returned home very late. With a quarrel in vie, I was surprised to see Alice was 3 .

"I hope I did the right thin, Mo, ”Alice said. "I saw a ca, all bloody but alive. I 4 it to the vet's(宠物医院),and was asked to make payment 5 . As I couldn't reach anyone at the phone number on the cat's tag(标牌),I had to pay the bill. ”

In the following day, the owner still couldn't be 6 . Alice paid the vet to continue treatment. I grew 7 :what if the family had simply left the cat behind?

3. A. annoyed B. amused C. worried D. interested

4. A. carried B. followed C. returned D. guided

5. A. monthly B. honestly C. generously D. immediately

6. A. trusted B. contacted C. persuaded D. satisfied

7. A. active B. rude C. anxious D. proud

解析:

3. 选项翻译:A. 恼怒的;B. 被逗笑的;C. 担心的;D. 感兴趣的

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据下文线索I hope I did the right thin, Mom以及I saw a ca, all bloody可知,作者的女儿艾丽斯很担心小猫的生命安全,所以正确答案为_____。

4. 选项翻译:A. 携带;B. 跟着;C. 返回;D. 指导

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据上文线索I saw a ca, all bloody but alive以及下文线索to the vet's可知,艾丽斯把受伤的小猫送到了宠物医院,所以正确答案为_____。carry sb. /sth. to sp. 表示“带某人/某物去某地”。

5. 选项翻译:A. 每月;B. 诚实地;C. 慷慨地;D. 立即

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据上文线索was asked to make payment以及下文线索I had to pay the bill可知,艾丽斯被要求立刻缴纳小猫的治疗费,所以正确答案为_____。

6. 选项翻译:A. 信任;B. 联系;C. 说服;D. 满意

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据下文线索Alice paid the vet to continue treatment可知,仍然没有联系上猫主人,因此艾丽斯要继续付钱给宠物医院来为小猫治疗,所以正确答案为_____。

7. 选项翻译:A. 积极的;B. 粗鲁的;C. 焦虑的;D. 骄傲的

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。因为一直没有找到小猫的主人,所以“我”的心情应该是感到焦虑,正确答案为_____。

A week went by. A woman called to speak to Alice.

"She is at schoo, ”I said.

"You have a 8 daughte, ”she sai, apparently in tears.

Her family had just returned from abroa, and got a(n) 9 from the vet. Their cat was recoverin, thanks to Alice's 10 . "We can't wait to hug Cuddles agai, ”she sobbed.

Upon her return hom, Alice was filled with 11 at the news. So was I. I learned through another woman's eyes that my daughter was still a good person despite her 12 teenage years. Her warm heart would surely guide her in the right direction.

8. A. pretty B. grateful C. wonderful D. curious

9. A. apology B. invitation C. message D. reply

10. A. suggestion B. donation C. encouragement D. help

11. A. love B. anger C. regret D. joy

12. A. troubled B. long C. boring D. quiet

解析:

8. 选项翻译:A. 漂亮的;B. 感激的;C. 极好的;D. 好奇的

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。艾丽斯救了小猫,因此猫的主人打电话来表示感谢,肯定是说艾丽斯是个好孩子,即作者有个好女儿,所以正确答案为_____。

9. 选项翻译:A. 道歉;B. 邀请;C. 消息;D. 回应

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。小猫在宠物医院,因此猫主人应该是从宠物医院得到的消息,所以正确答案为_____。

10. 选项翻译:A. 建议;B. 捐献;C. 鼓励;D. 帮助

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。小猫正在恢复健康,肯定是多亏了艾丽斯的帮助,所以正确答案为_____。

11. 选项翻译:A. 爱;B. 怒气;C. 悔恨;D. 快乐

解题分析:根据上文语义可知,艾丽斯听说找到小猫的主人了,应该是感到高兴,所以正确答案为_____。

12. 选项翻译:A. 有麻烦的,问题多的;B. 长的;C. 无聊的,令人厌烦的;D. 安静的

解题分析:考查全文主题。文章提到女儿处在叛逆期,逃学、拒绝沟通,即使“我”尝试变得强硬也无济于事,“我”感到很痛苦。但是经过救治小猫这件事情,“我”相信女儿是善良的,虽然她正处于问题很多的叛逆期,但是她的热心会指引她走向正确的人生道路,所以正确答案为_____。

KEY

1-5 BDCAD 6-10 BCCCD 11-12 DA

Section 1:线索定位训练

下面的真题中已将已知线索加粗,主要目标是训练同学们养成寻找已知线索的习惯。

A Heroic Driver

Larry works with Transport Driver, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 1 along I65 north after delivering to one of his 2 . Suddenl, he saw a car with its bright lights on.  3 he got close, he found 4 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 5 shooting out from under the 6 vehicle. Larry pulled ove, set the brake and 7 the fire extinguisher(灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.

The man who had his bright lights on 8 and told Larry he had 9 an emergency call. They 10 heard a woman's voice coming from the wrecked(毁坏的)vehicle.  11 the vehicl, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 12 until the emergency personnel arrive,  13 she thought the car was going to 14 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 15 she injured her neck.

Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 16 and let them go to work. The, Larry asked the 17 if he was needed or 18 to go. They let him and the other man go.

One thing is 19 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 20 most likely saved the woman's life.

1. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing

2. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers

3. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If

4. A. each B. another C. that D. his

5. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam

6. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned

7. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled

8. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over

9. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed

10. A. then B. again C. finally D. even

11. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching

12. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm

13. A. for B. so C. and D. but

14. A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash

15. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after

16. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out

17. A. woman B. police C. man D. driver

18. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free

19. A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked

20. A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promise

Section 2:答案详解

文章大意:拉里在送货回来的路上遇到了一辆着火的汽车,他不顾个人安危,勇敢地拿起灭火器去救火,灭火后他发现原来汽车里还有一位女士,他的无畏之举挽救了他人的生命。

1. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 走路;B. 旅行;C. 行进;D. 冲向

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,拉里在运输公司工作,同时下文提示Larry pulled ove, 可知此处是说他正开着车行进,所以正确答案为C。

2. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 乘客;B. 同事;C. 雇员;D. 客户,顾客

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,拉里是送货司机,由此推断他应该是在给客户送完货后回去的路上,所以正确答案为D。

3. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 自从;B. 尽管;C. 当……时候;D. 如果

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,拉里看到一辆车开着车灯,当他靠近的时候,他发现了……汽车,所以正确答案为C。

4. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 每一个;B. 另一个;C. 那个;D. 他的

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据上文线索Suddenl, he saw a car with its bright lights on和下文线索They…heard a woman's voice coming from the wrecked vehicle可知,拉里看到有一辆车开着车灯,后来和这辆车的车主一起听到从一辆被损毁的车里传出一位女士的呼喊声,由此判断拉里是发现了另一辆被损毁的汽车,所以答案为B。

5. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 火苗;B. 烟;C. 水;D. 蒸汽

解题分析:根据下文线索the fire was put out可知,汽车着火了,所以正确答案为A。

6. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 被用过的;B. 损坏的;C. 远离的;D. 被遗弃的

解题分析:考查同义重现。根据下文线索a woman's voice coming from the wrecked vehicle可知,汽车被损毁了,所以正确答案为B。

7. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 拿起;B. 准备;C. 负责;D. 控制

解题分析:根据下文线索the fire extinguisher和the fire was put out可知,拉里拿起灭火器去灭火,所以正确答案为A。

8. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 下来;B. 经历;C. 进来;D. 走过来

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据上文线索The man who had his bright lights on和下文线索told Larry可知,那位开车灯的司机应该是走过来同拉里说话,所以正确答案为D。

9. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 归还;B. 接到;C. 制作;使形成,引起;D. 确认

解题分析:根据下文线索an emergency call可知,那名开着车灯的司机打了报警电话,make a call意思是“打电话”,所以正确答案为C。

10. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 然后,接下来;B. 再次;C. 终于;D. 甚至

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,那名司机走过来告诉拉里已经打过报警电话后,他们听到被损毁的车内传出了一位女士的声音,所以正确答案为A。

11. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 启动;B. 停车;C. 路过;D. 接近

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,火灭了之后,拉里和另外一名司机应该是走近汽车之后才看到车内的那位女士,所以正确答案为D。

12. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 安静的;B. 不动的;C. 远离的;D. 平静的

解题分析:根据下文线索she should not move可知,此处是说拉里和另外一名司机让车内的女士不要动,所以正确答案为B。

13. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 因为;B. 所以;C. 并且;D. 但是

解题分析:根据上文线索a woman was trying to get out of the broken window和They told her to stay still可知,这位女士想从汽车里出来,拉里和另外一名司机告诉她不要动,接着下文提到she thought the car was going to…,即她认为车要……,可知空格处前后是转折关系,所以正确答案为D。

14. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 爆炸;B. 溜走;C. 破碎;D. 撞碎

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,车内的女士想从车里出来,因为她认为汽车会爆炸,所以正确答案为A。

15. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 好像;B. 除非;C. 以防;D. 在……之后

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据空格前后的she should not move和she injured her neck可知,拉里叫女士不要动是为了防止她的脖子受伤,所以正确答案为C。

16. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 前进;B. 退后;C. 继续前行;D. 出发

解题分析:根据下文线索let them go to work可知,拉里和另外一名司机为了不妨碍救援人员救人,都退到后面,所以正确答案为B。

17. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 女士;B. 警察;C. 男士;D. 司机

解题分析:根据上文线索Once fire and emergency people arrived可知,当救援的警察赶到现场时,拉里应是问警察他是否需要待在现场,而且上文也提到打了报警电话,所以正确答案为B。

18. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. (被)禁止的;B. 准备好的;C. (被)要求;D. 自由的

解题分析:根据下文线索They let him and the other man go可知警察让他们离开了,由此判断此处应该是拉里询问警察他是否可以自由离开,所以正确答案为D。

19. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 确定无疑;B. 以供考虑;C. 报道;D. 核实

解题分析:考查全文主题。根据上文对整个事件的描述及下文中的Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle可知,拉里靠近燃烧的汽车并不是他的义务所在,可知空格所在句强调破折号后面的这句话所说的内容是确定无疑的,所以正确答案为A。

20. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 耐心;B. 技能;C. 努力;D. 承诺

解题分析:考查全文主题。从上文线索可知拉里努力灭火的勇敢之举挽救了那名女士的性命,所以正确答案为C。

Section 1:真题精练

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

In 2012, I had just recovered from a serious illness when I received an invitation to a writer's conference in Orland, Florida. My family persuaded me that a(n) 1 might be just what the doctor ordere, so off I 2 .

Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tirin, but I 3 to catch a taxi to my 4 and settled in. Next mornin, I took another 5 to the shopping centre to buy a few souvenirs.  6 I went to a caféto have lunc, but all the tables were 7 . Then I heard a friendly voice sayin, "You can 8 my table. ”

I gratefully sat down with the 9 lady and we had a happy lunch together. As the 10 drew to a close she asked how long I would be in Orlando. I had already told her that I hadn't 11 a ca, and hadn't realised how 12 taking taxis would be. After a while she sai, "My dea, don't use any more taxis. I'm retired and it would be my pleasure to 13 you wherever you wish. ”I told her that I couldn't put her to that 14 , but she brushed aside my protests(反对). She asked me where I was 15 and next morning she was waiting at my apartment at the 16 time to take me to Disney World. She spent some time with me before leaving me to 17 alone. At the end of the da, she 18 to take me back to my accommodation. I 19 her money but she refused to take any.

I'll never forget that wonderful lady wh, through her 20 , filled my brief holiday in Florida with wonderful memories.

1. A. holiday B. ceremony C. operation D. experiment

2. A. kept B. went C. dropped D. knocked

3. A. intended B. promised C. managed D. deserved

4. A. hospital B. company C. university D. accommodation

5. A. colleague B. passenger C. suitcase D. taxi

6. A. Instead B. First C. Later D. Once

7. A. classified B. occupied C. decorated D. painted

8. A. share B. reserve C. set D. possess

9. A. old B. poor C. innocent D. stubborn

10. A. journey B. meal C. speech D. interview

11. A. donated B. repaired C. hired D. guided

12. A. convenient B. worthwhile C. unfortunate D. expensive

13. A. inspire B. entertain C. call D. drive

14. A. business B. argument C. trouble D. challenge

15. A. working B. staying C. moving D. shopping

16. A. appointed B. limited C. favourite D. regular

17. A. digest B. explore C. perform D. calculate

18. A. forgot B. refused C. returned D. preferred

19. A. sent B. lent C. offered D. owed

20. A. confidence B. dignity C. curiosity D. kindness

Section 2:答案详解

文章大意:本文讲述“我”刚刚生病痊愈,到奥兰多去参加会议。在这个陌生的地方一位老妇人给了“我”很多帮助,用她的善良让“我”短暂的假期充满了美好的回忆。

1. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 假期;B. 仪式;C. 手术;D. 实验

解题分析:从上文线索I had just recovered from a serious illness可以得知,“我”之前生了一场大病,刚刚恢复健康。生病的人需要假期来恢复身心。另外,此处也是原词重现,由文章最后一句中的filled my brief holiday in Florida也可知此处是指假期,所以答案选A。

2. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. kept(off)远离,不靠近;B. went(off)走开,离开(去);出发;C. dropped(off)减少;D. knocked(off)使……减少,使……降低

解题分析:考查语法结构和固定搭配。分句中的副词off被提到句首,运用了部分倒装的句式,意为“我就出发了”,所以答案选B。

3. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 打算,意图;B. 允诺;C. 设法做到;D. 应该得到

解题分析:考查上下文的语义逻辑关系与固定搭配。由上文已知线索but可知,“我”虽然很疲惫,但还是设法搭乘了一辆出租车来到……住了下来。manage to do sth. 表示“成功地做成了某事”,所以答案选C。

4. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 医院;B. 公司;C. 大学;D. 住宿地点

解题分析:根据下文线索settled in可知,作者住了下来,因此应是乘坐出租车来到住处。同时本题也可以使用原词重现法,根据倒数第二段倒数第二句中的take me back to my accommodation可知,此处应该是“我”乘坐出租车来到了住宿地点,所以答案选D。

5. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 同事;B. 乘客;C. 手提箱;D. 出租车

解题分析:根据上文线索another和下文线索to the shopping centre to buy a few souvenirs可知,“我”又搭乘了一辆出租车去购物中心买一些纪念品,所以答案选D。

6. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 代替,而不是;B. 首先;C. 后来;D. 曾经

解题分析:上句提到“去购物中心”,而本句提到“去餐馆吃午饭”,可知用later表示时间上的先后关系最合适,所以答案选C。

7. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 分类;B. 占据;C. 装饰;D. 画

解题分析:根据下文线索You can…my table可知,此处是说所有的桌子都被占了,没有空余的位置,所以答案选B。

8. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 分享;B. 保留;C. 设置;D. 拥有

解题分析:根据下文线索I gratefully sat down with the…lady可知,空格处应填入shar, 表示两个人共用一张桌子,所以答案选A。

9. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 年老的;B. 贫穷的;C. 无辜的;幼稚的;D. 固执的

解题分析:根据下文线索I'm retired可知,那位老妇人已经退休了,因此应该是上了年纪,所以答案选A。

10. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 旅行;B. 餐,饭;C. 演讲;D. 采访

解题分析:根据上文线索we had a happy lunch together可知,此处应该是说她们快吃完饭时的事,所以答案选B。

11. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 捐献,捐助;B. 维修,修理;C. 租用;D. 指导

解题分析:根据下文线索taking taxis可知,“我”没有租用汽车,而是乘坐出租车,所以答案选C。

12. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 方便的,便利的;B. 值得的;C. 不幸的;D. 昂贵的

解题分析:根据下文线索don't use any more taxis可知,打车的结果应是负面的,因此排除A和B。再根据常识可知,与租车相比,打车更贵,即“我”没意识到乘坐出租车有多贵,所以答案选D。

13. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 鼓励,激励;B. 娱乐;C. 呼叫,称呼;D. 开车

解题分析:根据上文线索I'm retired和下文线索wherever you wish可知,老妇人告诉“我”她已经退休了,很乐意开车送“我”去想去的地方,所以答案选D。

14. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 生意;B. 争论;C. 麻烦;D. 挑战

解题分析:根据上文中的老妇人开车送“我”的提议可知,该句的意思应是“我”不想这样麻烦她,所以答案选C。

15. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 工作;B. 待;居住;C. 移动;D. 购物

解题分析:根据下文线索next morning she was waiting at my apartment可知,老妇人问了“我”住的地方,第二天她在“我”的公寓外等“我”,所以答案选B。

16. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 约定好的;B. 有限的;C. 最喜欢的;D. 有规律的,经常的

解题分析:本题可以根据常识作答,“我”事先和老妇人约好了她来接“我”的时间,所以答案选A。

17. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 消化;B. 探索;实地查看;C. 表现;表演;D. 计算

解题分析:根据空格前后的She spent some time with me before leaving me…alone可知,此处是说在“我”独自游览迪士尼乐园之前老妇人还和“我”待了一段时间,四个选项中只有选项B符合句意。

18. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 忘记;B. 拒绝;C. 返回;D. 更喜欢,宁愿

解题分析:根据下文线索take me back to my accommodation可知,在这一天结束的时候,老妇人回来接“我”,把“我”送回住处,所以答案选C。

19. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 送;B. 借出;C. 提供(某物给某人);D. 拥有

解题分析:根据下文线索but she refused to take any可知,“我”主动提出要给她钱,但是她拒绝了,所以答案选C。

20. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 信心;B. 尊严;C. 好奇;D. 善良

解题分析:考查全文主题。通览全文可知,这位老妇人给了“我”很多帮助,因此应是她的善良让“我”短暂的假期充满了美好的回忆,所以本题答案为D。

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