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记叙文(二)

时间:2023-02-25 理论教育 版权反馈
【摘要】:1925年1月,阿拉斯加的诺姆镇极其寒冷,并因大雪与外界隔绝了。为了挽救孩子们的性命,人们使用狗拉雪橇把药物接力送到了诺姆镇。

[学习建议:第6天完成]

Section 1:线索定位训练

下面的真题中已将已知线索加粗,主要目标是训练同学们养成寻找已知线索的习惯。

A Race Against Death

It was a cold January in 1925 in Nom, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.

On the 20th of that mont, Dr. Welch 1 a sick bo, Bill, and knew he had diphtheri, a deadly infectious(传染的)disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 2 if it struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick.  3 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles awa, in Anchorage.

How could the medicine get to Nome?The town's 4 was already full of ic, so it couldn't come by ship. Cars and horses couldn't travel on the 5 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn't exist yet.

 6 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were 7 . Nome's town officials came up with a(n) 8 . They would have the medicine sent by 9 from Anchorage to Nenana. From ther, dogsled(狗拉雪橇)drivers—known as"mushers"—would 10 it to Nome in a relay(接力).

The race began on January 27. The first mushe, Shanno, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night.  11 he handed the medicine to the next mushe, Shannon's face was black from the extreme cold.

On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to 12 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most 13 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ic, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happene, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would 14 , and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across.

A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one poin, huge piles of snow blocked his 15 . He had to leave the trail(雪橇痕迹)to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 16 the trail again. The only hope was Balt, Kaasen's lead dog. Balto put his nose to the groun,  17 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto faile, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenl, Balto began to 18 . He had found the trail.

At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog 19 in Nome. Within minute, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered.

Nome had been 20 .

1. A. examined B. warned C. interviewed D. cured

2. A. harmless B. helpless C. fearless D. careless

3. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However

4. A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border

5. A. narrow B. snowy C. busy D. dirty

6. A. From B. On C. By D. After

7. A. tired B. upset C. pale D. sick

8. A. plan B. excuse C. message D. topic

9. A. air B. rail C. sea D. road

10. A. carry B. return C. mail D. give

11. A. Though B. Since C. When D. If

12. A. enter B. move C. visit D. cross

13. A. shameful B. boring C. dangerous D. foolish

14. A. escape B. bleed C. swim D. die

15. A. memory B. exit C. way D. destination

16. A. find B. fix C. pass D. change

17. A. pretending B. trying C. asking D. learning

18. A. run B. leave C. bite D. play

19. A. gathered B. stayed C. camped D. arrived

20. A. controlled B. saved C. founded D. developed

Section 2:答案详解

文章大意:本文讲述了一个人们接力运送药物来救助患病儿童的感人故事。1925年1月,阿拉斯加的诺姆镇极其寒冷,并因大雪与外界隔绝了。雪上加霜的是,那里有孩子患上了一种致命的传染病——白喉。为了挽救孩子们的性命,人们使用狗拉雪橇把药物接力送到了诺姆镇。

1. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 检查;B. 警告;C. 采访;D. 治愈

解题分析:根据下文线索a deadly infectious disease可知,医生给孩子看病时要检查孩子的身体,而且从下文可得知那个小孩不幸去世了,因此不能选, A项符合句意。

2. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 无害的;B. 无助的;C. 无畏的;D. 粗心的

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,白喉是一种主要传染儿童的传染病,一旦袭击小镇,镇上的孩子都可能被传染,因此会很无助,所以答案选B。

3. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 而且;B. 所以;C. 否则;D. 但是

解题分析:考查反义转折逻辑。根据上文线索Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible和下文线索the closest supply was over 1, 000 miles away可知,医生需要药物,而最近的供应站有1000多英里远,前后两句是语义转折,所以答案为D。

4. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 机场;B. 车站;C. 港口;D. 边境

解题分析:根据下文线索full of ic, so it couldn't come by ship可知,这里指港口结冰,所以才无法用船送药,正确答案为C。

5. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 狭窄的;B. 被雪覆盖的;C. 繁忙的;D. 脏的

解题分析:根据上文线索full of ice和Cars and horses couldn't travel可知,大雪覆盖了道路,汽车和马都不能通行,所以正确答案为B。

6. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 自从;B. 在……时候;C. 截至……时候;D. 在……之后

解题分析:考查语法结构。by+某个特定时间,表示截至某个时间,与完成时连用,下文线索Billy and three other children had died为过去完成时,所以正确答案为C。

7. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 疲惫的;B. 难过的;C. 苍白的;D. 生病的

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,有四个孩子相继去世,还有20多个孩子患病,所以正确答案为D。

8. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 计划;B. 借口;C. 消息;D. 话题

解题分析:根据下文线索They would have the medicine sent by…可知,当地的官员想到了如何送药的计划,所以正确答案为A。come up with a plan意为“想出一个计划”。

9. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 空气;B. 铁轨;C. 海洋;D. 道路

解题分析:根据下文线索from the train at Nenana可知,药物被用火车运到尼纳纳,所以正确答案为B。

10. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 运送;B. 返回;归还;C. 邮寄;D. 给

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,此处是说,按照计划,赶狗拉雪橇的人要把药物接力送到诺姆镇,所以正确答案为A。

11. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 虽然;B. 因为;自从;C. 当……时候;D. 如果

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,当第一个运送药物的人把药物交给下一个人时,他的脸已经被极端寒冷的天气冻得发紫,所以正确答案为C。

12. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 进入;B. 移动;C. 参观;拜访;D. 穿过

解题分析:根据下文线索a frozen body of water called Norton Sound和Norton Sound was covered with ice可知,Norton Sound是一片冰冻的水域,而瑟帕拉(Seppala)必须穿过这片水域,所以正确答案为D。

13. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 惭愧的;B. 无聊的;令人厌烦的;C. 危险的;D. 愚蠢的

解题分析:根据下文线索which could sometimes break up without warning可知,冰面有时会毫无征兆地断裂,因此是行程中最危险的一段,所以正确答案为C。

14. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 逃跑;B. 流血;C. 游泳;D. 死亡

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,如果掉进冰面下的冷水中,瑟帕拉会被冻死,诺姆镇感染白喉的孩子们也会病死,所以正确答案为D。

15. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 记忆;B. 出口;C. 道路;D. 目的地

解题分析:根据上文线索huge piles of snow blocked和下文线索He had to leave the trail to get around them可知,有的地方被巨大的雪块挡住了去路,卡森不得不离开雪橇痕迹,绕开雪块行驶,所以正确答案为C。

16. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 找到;B. 固定,安装;修理;C. 通过;D. 改变

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,当时的天气状况极差,卡森再次找到雪橇痕迹是不可能的,只能靠他拉雪橇的狗。此处还是原词重现,根据本段最后一句的He had found the trail可知,空格处应填入fin, 所以正确答案为A。

17. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 假装;B. 努力;C. 问;要求;D. 学会

解题分析:根据前后语义逻辑可知,拉雪橇的狗努力嗅着其他跑过雪橇痕迹的狗留下的味道,所以正确答案为B。

18. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 奔跑;B. 离开;C. 咬;D. 玩耍

解题分析:根据下文线索He had found the trail可知,拉雪橇的狗找到了雪橇痕迹,因此奔跑起来,所以正确答案为A。

19. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 聚集;B. 保持;停留;C. 宿营;D. 到达

解题分析:根据下文线索Within minute, Dr. Welch had the medicine可知,卡森顺利到达诺姆镇,医生才会拿到药物,所以正确答案为D。

20. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 控制;B. 拯救;C. 建立;D. 发展

解题分析:根据上文线索All of them recovered可知,所有的孩子得到了救治,因此诺姆镇被拯救了,所以正确答案为B。

Section 1:真题精练

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

From my second grade o, there was one event I feared every year: the piano recital(独奏会). A recital 1 I had to practice a boring piece of music and perform before strangers. Each year I 2 ask my father if I could skip the recital"just this once". And each year he'd shake his hea, muttering(嘀咕) 3 about building self-confidence and working towards a 4 .

So it was with really great 5 that I stood in church one recent Sunda, video camera in han, and 6 my 68-year-old father sweating in his shirt 7 rising to play the piano in his very first recital.

My father had longed to play music since childhoo, but his family was poor and couldn't 8 lessons. He could have gone on regretting i,  9 too many of us do. But though he was rooted in his pas, he wasn't 10 there. When he retired three years ag, he 11 his church music director to take him as a student.

For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboar, he 12 stared down at his fingers. Has he forgotten the 13 ?I worrie, remembering those split seconds 14 ago when my mind would go blank and my fingers would 15 . But then came the beautiful melody(旋律),from the 16 fingers that once baited(装饵于)my fishing lines. And I 17 he had been doing what music teachers always stress:  18 the music and pretend the others aren't there.

"I'm 19 of him for starting something new at his ag, ”I said to my son Jeff.

"Yea, and doing it so 20 , ”Jeff added.

With his first recita, my father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago.

1. A. reflected B. explained C. meant D. proved

2. A. would B. could C. might D. should

3. A. nothing B. everything C. anything D. something

4. A. goal B. stage C. journey D. chance

5. A. trouble B. satisfaction C. strength D. disappointment

6. A. kept B. sent C. watched D. felt

7. A. through B. from C. against D. before

8. A. miss B. afford C. select D. understand

9. A. as B. once C. if D. while

10. A. educated B. protected C. stuck D. spoilt

11. A. allowed B. invited C. inspired D. persuaded

12. A. roughly B. simply C. merrily D. curiously

13. A. words B. videos C. notes D. lessons

14. A. decades B. weeks C. hours D. moments

15. A. play B. freeze C. click D. adjust

16. A. same B. warm C. different D. dirty

17. A. predicted B. realized C. imagined D. insisted

18. A. pass over B. turn up C. bring in D. concentrate on

19. A. ashamed B. aware C. tired D. proud

20. A. casually B. anxiously C. nicely D. frequently

Section 2:答案详解

文章大意:本文讲述了“我”的父亲小时候因为家境贫困无法学习弹钢琴,但是他没有忘记梦想。退休以后他开始学习弹钢琴,并在教堂钢琴独奏会上有很精彩的表现。这比30多年来父亲对“我”说过的所有的话都更能让“我”领悟到勇气和决心的意义。

1. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 反射;反映;B. 解释;C. 意味着;D. 证明

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据下文线索可知,钢琴独奏会意味着“我”要练习一首乏味的乐曲,并在很多陌生人前面演奏,所以答案选C。

2. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 过去常常;B. 能够;可能;C. 也许;D. 应该

解题分析:考查语法结构和原词重现。根据上下文线索可知,每年“我”都问父亲是否可以不参加这一年的独奏会,但是每年父亲都拒绝“我”的要求。选项中的would和Each year相匹配,表示过去常常做某事。而且根据下一句中的each year he'd shake his head也可知,此处应填woul, 所以答案选A。

3. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 没有事情;B. 所有事情;C. 任何事情;D. 一些事情

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据上下文线索可知,当“我”问父亲是否可以不参加独奏会时,他总是摇摇头,嘀咕着一些关于建立自信等的话,所以答案选D。

4. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 目标;B. 舞台;阶段;C. 旅途;D. 机会

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据上下文线索可知,本句是父亲拒绝“我”的请求时提出的理由——建立自信,朝着一个目标努力,所以答案选A。

5. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 麻烦;B. 满意;C. 力气;优点;D. 失望

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据下文内容可知,这次是68岁的爸爸在独奏会上弹钢琴,而“我”站在教堂里,手里拿着录像机,应是很高兴这次不用弹奏钢琴了,“我”与爸爸位置的转换也让“我”体会到了一种当下的满足感,所以答案选B。本句中含有一个强调句型it was with really great satisfaction that…,强调的是介词短语with really great satisfaction。

6. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 保持;B. 派,送;C. 观看,注视;D. 感觉

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据上文线索I stood in church和video camera in hand可知,此刻“我”是看着父亲弹奏,所以答案选C。

7. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 通过;B. 来自;C. 违背,与……相反;D. 在……之前

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据上下文线索可知,父亲在起身去弹钢琴之前都紧张得出汗了,所以答案选D。

8. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 错过;思念;B. 承受得起;买得起;C. 挑选;D. 理解

解题分析:根据上文线索his family was poor可知,父亲小时候家里很穷,负担不起钢琴课的费用,所以答案选B。

9. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 正如;因为;B. 曾经;一旦;C. 如果;D. 当……时;然而

解题分析:考查语法结构和语义逻辑。本句意为:他本可以继续为自己小时候没能学习弹钢琴而遗憾,正如我们中的很多人一样。本句是由as引导的非限制性定语从句,as表示“正如”,所以答案选A。注意:本句中could have done表示“过去本可能做某事,却没做”。

10. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 教育;B. 保护;C. 困住;D. 惯坏,溺爱

解题分析:根据上文线索though he was rooted in his past可知,前后是转折关系,虽然父亲受到过去的条件的限制,但是他没有一直被困在过去,而是在退休后实现了自己弹钢琴的梦想,所以答案选C。注意root本意是“使生根”,在本文中根据语境指的是“受困于”过去的影响。

11. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 允许;B. 邀请;C. 鼓励;D. 说服

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据全文所描述的父亲在教堂独奏会上的演奏可知,他成功地说服了教堂里的音乐指导收他为学生,他才能有如此精彩的表现,所以答案选D。

12. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 大概地;B. 仅仅,只是;C. 快乐地,愉快地;D. 好奇地

解题分析:根据下文线索stared down at his fingers和Has he forgotten…可知,刚开始时父亲只是盯着自己的手指在看,而没有开始弹钢琴,所以“我”在猜测父亲是不是忘记……,因此答案选B。

13. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 话语;B. 视频;C. 音符;笔记;D. 课程;教训

解题分析:考查词义理解。note在本文中表示“音符,音调”,根据上文线索,作者的父亲只是在盯着自己的手指看,所以作者在猜测父亲是否忘了音符,因此答案选C。

14. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 数十年;B. 数周;C. 数小时;D. 时刻

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据文章第一句中的From my second grade on和下文线索I said to my son Jef, 以及文章最后一句中的30-plus years ago可知,从“我”读2年级到现在应该是过去了数十年,而此刻,“我”想起了当年登台表演的时候头脑一片空白的景象,所以答案选A。

15. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 玩耍;弹奏;B. 冷冻;僵住;C. 点击;D. 调整

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据上文线索my mind would go blank可知,“我”在演奏前会感到紧张,大脑一片空白,因此手指应是僵住了,所以答案选B。

16. 【答案】A

选项翻译:A. 同样的;B. 温暖的;C. 不同的;D. 脏的

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据下文线索fingers that once baited my fishing lines可知,本句是指现在弹奏出优美旋律的手和之前给“我”的钓鱼线装钓鱼饵料的手是同样一双手,即父亲的手,所以答案选A。

17. 【答案】B

选项翻译:A. 预测;B. 意识到;C. 想象;D. 坚持认为,坚持要求

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据上下文线索可知,“我”听到父亲弹出优美的旋律后应该意识到他遵照了音乐指导老师总是强调的要领:……音乐,假装别人都不在场。所以答案选B。

18. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 忽视;去世;B. 出现;调高;C. 引进;D. 集中注意力于

解题分析:根据下文线索and pretend the others aren't there可知,音乐指导老师指导父亲想象别人都不在场,目的就是让他能集中注意力在弹奏音乐上面,所以答案选D。

19. 【答案】D

选项翻译:A. 羞愧的;B. 意识到的,知道的;C. 疲惫的;D. 自豪的

解题分析:根据下文线索starting something new at his age可知,父亲在这个年纪开始尝试做新的事,“我”应该是为父亲感到自豪,所以答案选D。

20. 【答案】C

选项翻译:A. 随意地;B. 焦虑地;C. 令人满意地,很好地;D. 频繁地

解题分析:考查上下文语义逻辑。根据上文线索I'm proud of him和Yeah可知,“我”的儿子杰夫也对“我”的父亲给予很高的评价,所以答案选C。

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