第二节 本书要回答的问题
新课程改革是近年来中国基础教育领域最强势的话语。这场由政府发起并主导的全国性改革,把中小学教师拉上了改革的战车。改革的倡导者认为,面对全球化浪潮的强烈冲击,知识经济社会的严峻挑战,为了提升国家的竞争力,这是一场势在必行的课程改革运动。对于改革的重要实施者——教师而言,他们在这个自上而下推进,而又要求进行自下而上课程调适与再造的改革中具有怎样的境遇,遭遇了怎样的困境?他们是如何应对的?便是课程改革实施中需要解答的关键问题。
前面已经分析过,在此次课程改革中,教师和课程具有紧密的互动关系。课程之“事”的发展需要教师之“人”的发展为条件,课程的发展需要教师的发展为前提。换言之,没有教师的专业发展,就不可能有课程的发展。另一方面,课程发展是教师专业发展的重要途径,教师的专业需要在课程实践的不断探索与改善过程中发展。
新课程所宣称的互动立场和转化立场的课程本质需要教师通过教学反思来关注、探究自己的教学活动,促进课程的设计与发展。教师专业发展的新范式倡导教师在工作情景中、在对自己日常所从事的课程与教学实践的反思探究中进行。可见,课程发展、教师专业发展和教学反思三者紧密地联系在一起。缘于此,教师对实践的反思与探究也就成为教师应对课程改革,促进自身专业能力提升的关键要素。
本研究的具体研究问题是:
1.教师在新课程实施中进行着怎样的教学反思?
2.影响教学反思的因素有哪些?
3.教学反思是如何影响教师专业发展的?
【注释】
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