垂体细胞瘤的行为学分析

许多证据已证实垂体肿瘤是单克隆起源的，有多种因素共同参与垂体肿瘤的形成，早期DNA 改变（gsp突变，11q13抑癌基因失活）形成突变的垂体干细胞，这些“起始”细胞随后在多种内分泌信号的不规则调节和刺激下（下丘脑激素及受体，旁分泌生长因子）导致肿瘤细胞克隆扩增。分泌各种激素的腺瘤生物学行为和其生长特征都同其原癌基因变化和所受生长因子的作用相关，而很少情况下发生恶性转化可能与第二次癌基因转化相关（包括ras突变，13号染色体等位基因丢失）。由于参与因素众多，各种调控机制复杂多变，故尽管对垂体瘤发病机制进行了大量研究，并取得了不少新的进展，但其确切的机制仍需进一步阐述。

（王　清　惠国桢）

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