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他汀类降脂药

时间:2023-03-18 理论教育 版权反馈
【摘要】:大型研究显示,他汀药物能够稳定动脉粥样斑块,减少斑块破裂危险,甚至逆转斑块病变,对CHD一级和二级预防均有显著的疗效。但是,心血管疾病的他汀药物一级预防策略尚处于探索阶段。前述的各种证据都是证明高危患者从他汀类药物干预中获益较大,而对低危患者则尚无成熟经验。他汀类药物一级预防策略应根据人群的心血管危险分层而定,至于将危险分层界定到何种程度,目前尚无答案。

LDL-C每下降1mmol/L,CHD风险下降20%,卒中风险下降20%。大型研究显示,他汀药物能够稳定动脉粥样斑块,减少斑块破裂危险,甚至逆转斑块病变,对CHD一级和二级预防均有显著的疗效。

2007年欧洲高血压学会/欧洲心脏病学会(ESH/ESC)高血压指南指出,高血压患者即使未发生心血管疾病,只要属于心血管病高危患者,不论其基线总胆固醇或LDL-C水平是否升高,均应接受他汀治疗。2007年《中国成人血脂异常防治指南》强调,高血压合并≥3种危险因素的CHD等危症患者需积极接受降压和抗AS治疗。依据指南,高血压合并≥3种危险因素者,LDL-C治疗目标值为<2.59mmol/L(100mg/dl)。

但是,心血管疾病的他汀药物一级预防策略尚处于探索阶段。前述的各种证据都是证明高危患者从他汀类药物干预中获益较大,而对低危患者则尚无成熟经验。他汀类药物一级预防策略应根据人群的心血管危险分层而定(高脂血症者除外),至于将危险分层界定到何种程度,目前尚无答案。

总之,加强CHD一级预防,将心血管疾病的治疗战线前移,在降压、调脂、控制血糖、戒烟等基础上加用阿司匹林这一有效药物,将能有效地控制CHD的发病率和和死亡率,提高我国人民的健康生活水平。

(王建春)

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