《牡丹亭》的当代意义（摘要）

《牡丹亭》的当代意义（摘要）

中国艺术研究院戏曲研究所　刘　祯

在中国戏曲一千多年的发展史上，产生了无数的名作经典，构筑了戏曲和民族文化斑斓的内容。其中，汤显祖是一个耀眼的名字，他的创作尤其是《牡丹亭》的问世，形成了一道亮丽的景观，殊异于他剧。《牡丹亭》在汤显祖时代演出即产生深刻影响，同时围绕着音律、改编问题，又充满了唇枪舌剑的论争。

值得特别关注的是，进入当代以来，尤其是近年来《牡丹亭》的演出愈益频繁，多种版本甚至外国版本的《牡丹亭》在舞台上不绝如缕地上演，《牡丹亭》在当代舞台的演出、流行甚至超越了所有当代的作品，它在当代的上演不仅是一种历史“遗产”的存在，还具有现实思想参与与借喻的意义。其当代的上演不仅强调了它的经典性，也清晰地显示出经典的内涵意义。

汤显祖的创作，他的“至情”，他的浪漫主义，他的昆曲表现，使《牡丹亭》超越时代和社会阶级，具有一种普世的意义和价值，被不同时代的人接受和欣赏。《牡丹亭》的当代流行，不是复古，不是古典的“博物馆”再现展示，而是对当代和迈入21世纪思想精神和文化的参与、体悟。

《牡丹亭》某种意义上也是一部当代性作品，它的历史积淀、思想资源和情感诉求，不仅加深了人们对《牡丹亭》古典价值的再认识，而且也实实在在地融入了当代的思想和文化中，这也是中国思想文化所具有的品质。

Significance of The Peony Pavilion in Modern Times

Liu Zhen

Institute of Drama, Chinese National Academy of Arts

Over 1000 years’ history of Chinese drama has witnessed countless famous works and masterpieces, which greatly contribute to the rich content of drama and ethnic culture-among which Tang Xianzu is a resplendent name. Tang’s works, especially the creation of The Peony Pavilion that is distinct from other types of drama, form a beautiful and unique scenery. In Tang’s age, The Peony Pavilion had already produced far-reaching significance. Meanwhile, hot debates were aroused on the issues of rhyme of music, adaption, etc.

It is worth noting that in modern times, especially in recent years, The Peony Pavilion, including its foreign versions, have been staged with increasing frequency. The popularity of The Peony Pavilion in modern theaters exceeds any other works and proves its greatness and significance.

Tang Xianzu’s creativity, his “passions”, his romanticism and his expression of Kunqu Opera, allowed The Peony Pavilion　to has with a time-transcending significance beyond social classes, and enjoyed acceptance and appreciation from people in different ages. The popularity of The Peony Pavilion is not a kind of back-to-the-ancient idea or reproduction of classical “museum”. Instead, it reflects people’s deep understanding and involvement of the spirit and culture of modern times and the 21^st century.

In a sense, The Peony Pavilion belongs to modern works, for its historic accumulation, ideological resource and emotional appeal not only make people deeply understand its classical value, but also combine itself with the modern idea and culture, which is also the characteristic of Chinese ideology and culture.